Loci discovery, network-guided approach, and genomic prediction for drought tolerance index in a multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) cowpea population

AbstractCowpea is a nutrient-dense legume that significantly contributes to the population’s diet in sub-Saharan Africa and other regions of the world. Improving cowpea cultivars to be more resilient to abiotic stress such as drought would be of great importance. The use of a multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population has been shown to be efficient in increasing the frequency of rare alleles that could be associated with important agricultural traits. In addition, drought tolerance index has been reported to be a reliable parameter for assessing crop tolerance to water-deficit conditions. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the drought tolerance index for plant growth habit, plant maturity, flowering time, 100-seed weight, and grain yield in a MAGIC cowpea population, to conduct genome-wide association study (GWAS) and identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with the drought tolerance indices, to investigate the potential relationship existing between the significant loci associated with the drought tolerance indices, and to conduct genomic selection (GS). These analyses were performed using the existing phenotypic and genotypic data published for the MAGIC population which consisted of 305 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed at University of California, Riverside. The results indicated that: (1) large variation in drought tolerance indices existed among the cowpea genotypes, (2) a total of 14, 18, 5, 5, and 35 SNPs were associated with plant growth habit change due to drought stress, and drought tolerance indices for maturity, flowering time, 100-seed weight, and grain yield, respectively, (3) the network-guided approach revealed clear interactions between the loci associated with the drought tolerance traits, and (4) the GS accuracy varied from low to moderate. These results could be applied to improve drought tolerance in cowpea through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on marker loci associated with drought tolerance indices in cowpea.

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Discrimination of drought tolerance in a worldwide collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes based on selection indices

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2021.117.1.1656 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Pooran GOLKAR ◽

Esmaeil HAMZEH ◽

Seyed Ali Mohammad MIRMOHAMMADY MAIBODY

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Stability Index ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Improvement of elite safflower genotypes for drought-tolerance is hampered by a deficiency of effective selection criteria. The present study evaluated 100 genotypes of safflower in terms of their drought tolerance over a period of three years (2016–2018) under both non-stress and drought-stress conditions. The eight drought-tolerance indices of tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), and harmonic mean (HARM) were calculated based on seed yield under drought (Ys) and non-drought (Yp) conditions. A high genetic variation was found in drought tolerance among the genotypes studied. The MP, GMP, and STI indices were able to discriminate between tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes. Plots of the first and second principal components identified drought-tolerant genotypes averaged over the three study years. Cluster analysis divided the genotypes into three distinct groups using the drought tolerance indices. Ultimately, eight genotypes (namely, G3, G11, G13, G24, G33, G47, G58, and G61) from different origins were detected as more tolerant to drought stress suitable for use in safflower breeding programs in drought-affected areas. The most tolerant and susceptible genotypes could be exploited to produce mapping populations for drought tolerance breeding programs in safflower.

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Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Indices and Nitrogen Fertilization for Some Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Genotypes

Agricultural Science ◽

10.30560/as.v1n1p18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. p18

Author(s):

Iancu Paula ◽

Păniță Ovidiu ◽

Soare Marin

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Stability Index ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Active Nitrogen ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Water is essential to maximize crop yield and quality. This natural resource has assumed huge importance, especially in the warmest areas, where drought and environmental degradation has affected agricultural production. In order to identify drought tolerance of some groundnut genotypes and to investigate the relationships between seed yield, quality and drought tolerance indices a study was made using 10 promising genotypes. The experiment was carried out during 2014-2017 and sowed under randomized block design with four replicates. It included three factors: two levels of irrigation (a1 – non - irrigated and a2 - irrigated), two levels of fertilization (b1 – non-fertilized and b2 - 100 active Nitrogen/ha) and genotype (C1-C10). Seed yield depending on the influence of the factor, varied from 535.95 Kg/ha (non-irrigated) to 2020.95 Kg/ha (irrigated); from 1055.30 Kg/ha (non-fertilized) to 1501 Kg/ha (fertilized) and from 1111.30 Kg/ha to 1388 Kg/ha depending on genotype. Same influence factors for protein content varied from 25.65% (irrigated) to 28.61% (non-irrigated); from 26.33% (non-fertilized) to 27.93% (fertilized) and from 25.59% to 28.52% depending on genotype. Stress susceptibility index (SSI) varied from 0.964 to 1.040; Stress Tolerance Index (STI) from 0.138 to 0.435; Mean Productivity (MP) from 883.5 to 1616.0; Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) from 750.3 to 1332.7; Tolerance index (TOL) from 933.0 to 1844.0; Harmonic Mean (HM) from 637.2 to 1099.0; Yield Index (YI) 0.777 to 1.308 and Yield Stability Index (YSI) from 0.236 to 0.309. High values of SSI, STI, YI, DI, RDI and SSPI indicate drought tolerance and those variants present high stability.

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Physiological Screening for Drought Tolerance Traits in Vegetable Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) Germplasm

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11100994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 994

Author(s):

Norain Jamalluddin ◽

Festo J. Massawe ◽

Sean Mayes ◽

Wai Kuan Ho ◽

Ajit Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Amaranthus Tricolor ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Screening Trials

Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor), an underutilized climate smart crop, is highly nutritious and possesses diverse drought tolerance traits, making it an ideal crop to thrive in a rapidly changing climate. Despite considerable studies on the growth and physiology of plants subjected to drought stress, a precise trait phenotyping strategy for drought tolerance in vegetable amaranth is still not well documented. In this study, two drought screening trials were carried out on 44 A. tricolor accessions in order to identify potential drought-tolerant A. tricolor germplasm and to discern their physiological responses to drought stress. The findings revealed that a change in stem biomass was most likely the main mechanism of drought adaptation for stress recovery, and dark-adapted quantum yield (Fv/Fm) could be a useful parameter for identifying drought tolerance in amaranth. Three drought tolerance indices: geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP) and stress tolerance index (STI) identified eight drought-tolerant accessions with stable performance across the two screening trials. The highly significant genotypic differences observed in several physiological traits among the amaranth accessions indicate that the amaranth panel used in this study could be a rich source of genetic diversity for breeding purposes for drought tolerance traits.

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Water deficit stress tolerance assessment in barley cultivars using drought tolerance indices

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1088066/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md Habib ◽

Md Mannan ◽

Md Karim ◽

Md Miah ◽

Hari Singh

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Research Work ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Abstract Crop productivity is greatly affected by drought stress. Understanding the drought tolerance capability of the crop varieties available in a country is the foremost consideration for drought adaptation. The objective of this research work was to examine the drought tolerance potentiality of 5 cultivated barley varieties (BARI Barley5, BARI Barley6, BARI Barley7, BARI Barley8 and BARI Barley9) through calculating drought tolerance indices. A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was followed in the experiment, where crops were grown under control (80% of FC) and water deficit environment (50% of FC). Stress Tolerance (TOL), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Harmonic Mean (HAM), Yield Index (YI) and Yield Stability Index (YSI) were calculated based on grain yield under control and drought conditions. BARI Barley7 and BARI Barley8 were the most tolerant variety and BARI Barley9 considered as susceptible based on TOL and SSI. Drought tolerance indices like MP, HAM, GMP, TOL as well as STI were showed a high correlation with grain yield under both conditions and were recognized as appropriate indices to identify varieties with high grain yield and low sensitivity to drought stress.

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Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Indices for Screening Some of Corn (Zea mays L.) Cultivars under Environmental Conditions

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb539049 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 388-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mohhamad Reza NAGHAVI ◽

Alireza POUR ABOUGHADAREH ◽

Marouf KHALILI

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Stress Susceptibility ◽

Tolerance Indices

In order to study the effect of drought stress on eight cultivars corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was conducted in a factorial experimental on the basis of randomized complete block design under two irrigated conditions during 2010-2011 cropping season. Twelve drought tolerance/resistance indices including stress tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), geometric mean production (GMP), mean production (MP), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), relative drought index (RDI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI) and modified stress tolerance (K1STI and K2STI) were calculated based on grain yield under drought and irrigated conditions. Yield in stress and non-stress conditions were significantly and positively correlated with STI, GMP, MP, YI, TOL, DI, RDI, YSI, SSPI, K1STI, and K2STI and negatively correlated with SSI. Yield in stress and non-stress conditions were significantly and positively correlated with STI, GMP, MP, YI, TOL, DI, RDI, YSI, SSPI, K1STI, and K2STI and negatively correlated with SSI. Screening drought tolerant cultivars using ranking method, three dimensional plots discriminated cultivars ‘KSC720’, KSC 710GT and ‘KSC 700’ as the most drought tolerant. Cluster analysis classified the cultivars into three groups i.e., tolerant, susceptible and semi-susceptible to drought conditions. In general, Results of this study showed that among drought tolerance indices STI, YI, SSPI, K1STI, and K2STI can be used as the most suitable indicators for screening drought tolerant cultivars and ‘KSC720’, KSC 710 GT and ‘KSC 700’ had the highest tolerance to drought in our studies condition.

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Multi-Environment Screening of Durum Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance in Changing Climatic Events

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050875 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 875

Author(s):

Sourour Ayed ◽

Afef Othmani ◽

Imen Bouhaouel ◽

Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Principal Component ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Modern Varieties

Durum wheat is the most widely grown cereal in Tunisia, but its production is threatened by drought, which is exacerbated by climate change. This study aimed to identify drought-tolerant durum wheat genotypes from five modern varieties and six landraces in a multi-environment trial at two sites (Kef and Siliana, Tunisia) during three growing seasons under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Six drought tolerance indices (mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), stress tolerance index (STI), and yield stability index (YSI)) were used to evaluate the 11 genotypes. The environment was the dominant source of variation for grain yield (GY; 94.27%), followed by the environment × genotype interaction (4.06%) and genotype (1.65%). Cluster analysis based on GY identified four environment-based groups with distinct water treatments, extreme minimum/maximum temperatures, and rainfall. Principal component analysis and a correlation matrix revealed that drought tolerance indices significantly correlated with GY in non-stressed and stressed conditions and could be separated into four groups. Based on STI, MP, and GMP, G6 and G8 (landraces) were the most drought-tolerant genotypes attaining high GY in both conditions. TOL was able to discriminate G1, G3, and G5 (modern varieties) as well as drought-susceptible genotypes, all of which were suitable for irrigation. Genotypes G7, G9, G10, and G11 (landraces), which had high SSI and lowest STI, MP, GMP, and YSI values, were susceptible to drought and were thus not suitable for cultivation in both conditions. Finally, G2 and G4 (modern varieties), which had an intermediate rank for different indices, were classified as semi-tolerant or sensitive genotypes. Drought tolerance indices and genotype ranks were helpful tools to screen drought-tolerant genotypes with a large adaptation to a range of environments, namely irrigated and rainfed conditions (landraces G6 and G8), or genotypes with the ability to adapt (modern varieties G1, G3, and G5) to irrigated conditions.

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Evaluation and comparison of drought tolerance in some wild diploid populations, tetraploid and hexaploid cultivars of wheat using stress tolerance indices

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2020.115.1.1336 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. 105

Author(s):

Sara KHOSRAVI ◽

Reza AZIZINEZHAD ◽

Amin BAGHIZADEH ◽

Mahmood MALEKI

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Block Design ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

This study was carried out on grain yield in wheat genotypes with the aim of assessing genetic potential of drought tolerance. The experiment was performed as split plot in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications under normal and drought stress conditions with 32 genotypes. Based on grain yield, and under the condition of non-stress and drought stress, 5 drought tolerance indices are estimated including Tolerance Index (TOL), Stress Tolerance (STI), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean (GMP) and, Harmonic Mean (HM) for all kinds of genotypes. The analysis of yield correlation and drought tolerance indices in two environments indicated that STI, MP, GMP, HM indices were the most suitable parameters for screening wheat genotypes. Principal components analysis exhibited that the 83 % of first principal component and the 15 % of second one justified the variation of the initial data. Drawing bi-plot diagram declared that Sabalan, Shabrang, Aria, Azar, Azadi, and T2 genotypes were highly functional and resistant to drought stress.

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Evaluation of durum wheat genotypes based on drought tolerance indices under different levels of drought stress

Journal of Agricultural Sciences Belgrade ◽

10.2298/jas1701001m ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Reza Mohammadi ◽

Abdolvahab Abdulahi

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Drought Conditions ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Different Levels

Objectives of this study were to assess durum wheat genotypes for drought tolerance and to study relationships among different drought tolerance indices under different drought stress conditions. The total of twenty-two durum wheat lines was evaluated in a RCBD experiment with three replications for three cropping seasons (2008-2009; 2009-2010 and 2010-2011). Different drought indices such as tolerance (TOL), mean productivity (MP), mean relative performance (MRP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), modified severity stress index (SSSI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), relative efficiency index (REI) and drought response index (DRI) were determined based on yields under drought and non-drought conditions. The studied genotypes showed considerable variation in performance and tolerated various drought conditions that could be exploited in the durum wheat breeding program. The screening of genotypes for drought tolerance in environments with a greater value of stress intensity (SI) will be more efficient in the grouping of indices and genotype selection. The indices were classified into groups (G1 and G2). The group G1, which consisted of the indices REI, STI, MRP, GMP, DRI and YSI, distinguished genotypes with higher yield in different levels of drought stress. The durum breeding line nos. 1, 11, 10, 13, 8, 9, and 12 were superior based on the group G1 and could be regarded for further evaluation in drought-prone environments.

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Repeatability of drought tolerance indices in chickpea genotypes over stress and non-stress environments

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.61.2013.2.4 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 123-137

Author(s):

E. Farshadfar ◽

M. Geravandi

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Selection Of

To evaluate the repeatability of yield-based drought tolerance indices over years, twenty chickpea genotypes were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications for four cropping seasons (2008–2012) in the experimental field of Razi University. The result of combined analysis of variance for seed yield showed significant differences for location (L) (rain-fed and irrigated), genotype (G), and LY and GL interactions, indicating the presence of genetic variability and the possibility of selection for stable, drought-tolerant genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on the Spearman's rank correlation matrix was used to visualize the relationships between different drought tolerance indices. Due to their positive significant correlation with seed yield under both conditions over four cropping seasons, the stress tolerance index (STI) and geometric mean productivity (GMP) were identified as desirable criteria for the selection of drought-tolerant genotypes under severe stress conditions. The selection of drought-tolerant chickpea genotypes using these indices in a one-year trial will mirror the results of multiple cropping season trials. According to the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between single vs. single years and single vs. the mean of multiple years, the tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), abiotic tolerance index (ATI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI) and modified stress tolerance index (K1STI) were identified as repeatable indices under severe drought conditions.

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Evaluation of drought tolerance in corn (Zea mays L.) new hybrids with using stress tolerance indices

European Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.14207/ejsd.2012.v1n3p543 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 543 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Moradi ◽

G A. Akbari ◽

S. Khavari Khorasani ◽

H A. Ramshini

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Block Design ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Weather Condition ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Stress Susceptibility ◽

Tolerance Indices

In order to study the effect of drought stress on morphophysiologic characteristics,yield and yield components of 8 new hybrids of corn (Zea maize L.) and KSC704commercial hybrid as control resistant to drought and warm (which were bred andscreened in Khozestan province condition), an experiment was conducted in aRandomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications underdrought stress and normal irrigation at Khorasan-Razavi Agriculture ResearchCenter, Mashhad, Iran on June 10, 2011. The results of analyze variance showedthat under normal irrigation and drought condition, there was a significantdifference (p<0.01) between the hybrids. Mean comparison of hybrids revealedthat in normal irrigation H6 and in drought stress H8 hybrid had the maximumgrain yield (12.85 and 6.75 ton/ha, respectively). Based on the grain yields ofstudied hybrids, stress tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI),tolerance index (TOI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity(GMP), harmonic mean (HM) and golden mean (GM) were estimated. Resultsshowed that among drought tolerance indices, MP, GMP, STI and HM were thebest indices for corn and KSC704 hybrid and H4 had the highest tolerance todrought in Mashhad weather condition.

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