Evaluation of durum wheat genotypes based on drought tolerance indices under different levels of drought stress

Objectives of this study were to assess durum wheat genotypes for drought tolerance and to study relationships among different drought tolerance indices under different drought stress conditions. The total of twenty-two durum wheat lines was evaluated in a RCBD experiment with three replications for three cropping seasons (2008-2009; 2009-2010 and 2010-2011). Different drought indices such as tolerance (TOL), mean productivity (MP), mean relative performance (MRP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), modified severity stress index (SSSI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), relative efficiency index (REI) and drought response index (DRI) were determined based on yields under drought and non-drought conditions. The studied genotypes showed considerable variation in performance and tolerated various drought conditions that could be exploited in the durum wheat breeding program. The screening of genotypes for drought tolerance in environments with a greater value of stress intensity (SI) will be more efficient in the grouping of indices and genotype selection. The indices were classified into groups (G1 and G2). The group G1, which consisted of the indices REI, STI, MRP, GMP, DRI and YSI, distinguished genotypes with higher yield in different levels of drought stress. The durum breeding line nos. 1, 11, 10, 13, 8, 9, and 12 were superior based on the group G1 and could be regarded for further evaluation in drought-prone environments.

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Multi-Environment Screening of Durum Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance in Changing Climatic Events

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050875 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 875

Author(s):

Sourour Ayed ◽

Afef Othmani ◽

Imen Bouhaouel ◽

Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Principal Component ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Modern Varieties

Durum wheat is the most widely grown cereal in Tunisia, but its production is threatened by drought, which is exacerbated by climate change. This study aimed to identify drought-tolerant durum wheat genotypes from five modern varieties and six landraces in a multi-environment trial at two sites (Kef and Siliana, Tunisia) during three growing seasons under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Six drought tolerance indices (mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), stress tolerance index (STI), and yield stability index (YSI)) were used to evaluate the 11 genotypes. The environment was the dominant source of variation for grain yield (GY; 94.27%), followed by the environment × genotype interaction (4.06%) and genotype (1.65%). Cluster analysis based on GY identified four environment-based groups with distinct water treatments, extreme minimum/maximum temperatures, and rainfall. Principal component analysis and a correlation matrix revealed that drought tolerance indices significantly correlated with GY in non-stressed and stressed conditions and could be separated into four groups. Based on STI, MP, and GMP, G6 and G8 (landraces) were the most drought-tolerant genotypes attaining high GY in both conditions. TOL was able to discriminate G1, G3, and G5 (modern varieties) as well as drought-susceptible genotypes, all of which were suitable for irrigation. Genotypes G7, G9, G10, and G11 (landraces), which had high SSI and lowest STI, MP, GMP, and YSI values, were susceptible to drought and were thus not suitable for cultivation in both conditions. Finally, G2 and G4 (modern varieties), which had an intermediate rank for different indices, were classified as semi-tolerant or sensitive genotypes. Drought tolerance indices and genotype ranks were helpful tools to screen drought-tolerant genotypes with a large adaptation to a range of environments, namely irrigated and rainfed conditions (landraces G6 and G8), or genotypes with the ability to adapt (modern varieties G1, G3, and G5) to irrigated conditions.

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Evaluation and comparison of drought tolerance in some wild diploid populations, tetraploid and hexaploid cultivars of wheat using stress tolerance indices

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2020.115.1.1336 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. 105

Author(s):

Sara KHOSRAVI ◽

Reza AZIZINEZHAD ◽

Amin BAGHIZADEH ◽

Mahmood MALEKI

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Block Design ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

This study was carried out on grain yield in wheat genotypes with the aim of assessing genetic potential of drought tolerance. The experiment was performed as split plot in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications under normal and drought stress conditions with 32 genotypes. Based on grain yield, and under the condition of non-stress and drought stress, 5 drought tolerance indices are estimated including Tolerance Index (TOL), Stress Tolerance (STI), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean (GMP) and, Harmonic Mean (HM) for all kinds of genotypes. The analysis of yield correlation and drought tolerance indices in two environments indicated that STI, MP, GMP, HM indices were the most suitable parameters for screening wheat genotypes. Principal components analysis exhibited that the 83 % of first principal component and the 15 % of second one justified the variation of the initial data. Drawing bi-plot diagram declared that Sabalan, Shabrang, Aria, Azar, Azadi, and T2 genotypes were highly functional and resistant to drought stress.

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Discrimination of drought tolerance in a worldwide collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes based on selection indices

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2021.117.1.1656 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Pooran GOLKAR ◽

Esmaeil HAMZEH ◽

Seyed Ali Mohammad MIRMOHAMMADY MAIBODY

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Stability Index ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Improvement of elite safflower genotypes for drought-tolerance is hampered by a deficiency of effective selection criteria. The present study evaluated 100 genotypes of safflower in terms of their drought tolerance over a period of three years (2016–2018) under both non-stress and drought-stress conditions. The eight drought-tolerance indices of tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), and harmonic mean (HARM) were calculated based on seed yield under drought (Ys) and non-drought (Yp) conditions. A high genetic variation was found in drought tolerance among the genotypes studied. The MP, GMP, and STI indices were able to discriminate between tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes. Plots of the first and second principal components identified drought-tolerant genotypes averaged over the three study years. Cluster analysis divided the genotypes into three distinct groups using the drought tolerance indices. Ultimately, eight genotypes (namely, G3, G11, G13, G24, G33, G47, G58, and G61) from different origins were detected as more tolerant to drought stress suitable for use in safflower breeding programs in drought-affected areas. The most tolerant and susceptible genotypes could be exploited to produce mapping populations for drought tolerance breeding programs in safflower.

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Physiological Screening for Drought Tolerance Traits in Vegetable Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) Germplasm

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11100994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 994

Author(s):

Norain Jamalluddin ◽

Festo J. Massawe ◽

Sean Mayes ◽

Wai Kuan Ho ◽

Ajit Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Amaranthus Tricolor ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Screening Trials

Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor), an underutilized climate smart crop, is highly nutritious and possesses diverse drought tolerance traits, making it an ideal crop to thrive in a rapidly changing climate. Despite considerable studies on the growth and physiology of plants subjected to drought stress, a precise trait phenotyping strategy for drought tolerance in vegetable amaranth is still not well documented. In this study, two drought screening trials were carried out on 44 A. tricolor accessions in order to identify potential drought-tolerant A. tricolor germplasm and to discern their physiological responses to drought stress. The findings revealed that a change in stem biomass was most likely the main mechanism of drought adaptation for stress recovery, and dark-adapted quantum yield (Fv/Fm) could be a useful parameter for identifying drought tolerance in amaranth. Three drought tolerance indices: geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP) and stress tolerance index (STI) identified eight drought-tolerant accessions with stable performance across the two screening trials. The highly significant genotypic differences observed in several physiological traits among the amaranth accessions indicate that the amaranth panel used in this study could be a rich source of genetic diversity for breeding purposes for drought tolerance traits.

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Water deficit stress tolerance assessment in barley cultivars using drought tolerance indices

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1088066/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md Habib ◽

Md Mannan ◽

Md Karim ◽

Md Miah ◽

Hari Singh

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Research Work ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Abstract Crop productivity is greatly affected by drought stress. Understanding the drought tolerance capability of the crop varieties available in a country is the foremost consideration for drought adaptation. The objective of this research work was to examine the drought tolerance potentiality of 5 cultivated barley varieties (BARI Barley5, BARI Barley6, BARI Barley7, BARI Barley8 and BARI Barley9) through calculating drought tolerance indices. A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was followed in the experiment, where crops were grown under control (80% of FC) and water deficit environment (50% of FC). Stress Tolerance (TOL), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Harmonic Mean (HAM), Yield Index (YI) and Yield Stability Index (YSI) were calculated based on grain yield under control and drought conditions. BARI Barley7 and BARI Barley8 were the most tolerant variety and BARI Barley9 considered as susceptible based on TOL and SSI. Drought tolerance indices like MP, HAM, GMP, TOL as well as STI were showed a high correlation with grain yield under both conditions and were recognized as appropriate indices to identify varieties with high grain yield and low sensitivity to drought stress.

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Evaluation of drought tolerance in corn (Zea mays L.) new hybrids with using stress tolerance indices

European Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.14207/ejsd.2012.v1n3p543 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 543 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Moradi ◽

G A. Akbari ◽

S. Khavari Khorasani ◽

H A. Ramshini

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Block Design ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Weather Condition ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Stress Susceptibility ◽

Tolerance Indices

In order to study the effect of drought stress on morphophysiologic characteristics,yield and yield components of 8 new hybrids of corn (Zea maize L.) and KSC704commercial hybrid as control resistant to drought and warm (which were bred andscreened in Khozestan province condition), an experiment was conducted in aRandomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications underdrought stress and normal irrigation at Khorasan-Razavi Agriculture ResearchCenter, Mashhad, Iran on June 10, 2011. The results of analyze variance showedthat under normal irrigation and drought condition, there was a significantdifference (p<0.01) between the hybrids. Mean comparison of hybrids revealedthat in normal irrigation H6 and in drought stress H8 hybrid had the maximumgrain yield (12.85 and 6.75 ton/ha, respectively). Based on the grain yields ofstudied hybrids, stress tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI),tolerance index (TOI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity(GMP), harmonic mean (HM) and golden mean (GM) were estimated. Resultsshowed that among drought tolerance indices, MP, GMP, STI and HM were thebest indices for corn and KSC704 hybrid and H4 had the highest tolerance todrought in Mashhad weather condition.

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Effects of Drought Stress on Some Agronomic and Morpho-Physiological Traits in Durum Wheat Genotypes

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12145610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 5610

Author(s):

Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh ◽

Reza Mohammadi ◽

Alireza Etminan ◽

Lia Shooshtari ◽

Neda Maleki-Tabrizi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Grain Filling Period

Durum wheat performance in the Mediterranean climate is limited when water scarcity occurs before and during anthesis. The present research was performed to determine the effect of drought stress on several physiological and agro-morphological traits in 17 durum wheat genotypes under two conditions (control and drought) over two years. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the various durum wheat genotypes responded differently to drought stress. Drought stress significantly reduced the grain filling period, plant height, peduncle length, number of spikes per plot, number of grains per spike, thousand grains weight, grain yield, biomass, and harvest index in all genotypes compared to the control condition. The heatmap-based correlation analysis indicated that grain yield was positively and significantly associated with phenological characters (days to heading, days to physiological maturity, and grain filling period), as well as number of spikes per plant, biomass, and harvest index under drought conditions. The yield-based drought and susceptible indices revealed that stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP), and harmonic mean (HM) were positively and significantly correlated with grain yields in both conditions. Based on the average of the sum of ranks across all indices and a three-dimensional plot, two genotypes (G9 and G12) along with the control variety (G1) were identified as the most tolerant genotypes. Among the investigated genotypes, the new breeding genotype G12 showed a high drought tolerance and yield performance under both conditions. Hence, this genotype can be a candidate for further multi-years and locations test as recommended for cultivation under rainfed conditions in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Response of Rainfed Wheat Genotypes to Drought Stress Using Drought Tolerance Indices

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v4n7p126 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Reza Drikvand ◽

Behrooz Doosty ◽

Tahmaseb Hosseinpour

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Rainfed Wheat ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

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Yield and yield traits of durum wheat (Triticum durum desf.) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under drought stress

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1602717a ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 717-727

Author(s):

Tofig Allahverdiyev

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Yield Traits ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Spike Number

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of water stress on yield and yield traits of durum wheat and bread wheat genotypes. Water stress caused significant reduction in plant height (PH), peduncle length (PL), spike number/m2(SN), spike length (SL), spike width (SW), spikelets number/spike (SNS), spike mass (SM), grain number/spike (GNS), grain mass/spike (GMS), biological yield (BY), thousand kernel mass (TKM), grain yield (GY) and harvest index (HI). Wheat traits such as SN, SM, BY, TKM, GY were more vulnerable to drought stress. Positive significant correlation of GY with SN, BY and HI under rain-fed condition was found. Genotypes of durum wheat were more sensitive to drought than that bread wheat genotypes. The significant and positive correlation of GY with Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Mean Productivity (MP) and Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) indicated that these indices were more effective in identifying high yielding, drought tolerance genotypes.

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