Glacial heterogeneity in Southern Ocean carbon storage abated by fast South Indian deglacial carbon release

AbstractPast changes in ocean 14C disequilibria have been suggested to reflect the Southern Ocean control on global exogenic carbon cycling. Yet, the volumetric extent of the glacial carbon pool and the deglacial mechanisms contributing to release remineralized carbon, particularly from regions with enhanced mixing today, remain insufficiently constrained. Here, we reconstruct the deglacial ventilation history of the South Indian upwelling hotspot near Kerguelen Island, using high-resolution 14C-dating of smaller-than-conventional foraminiferal samples and multi-proxy deep-ocean oxygen estimates. We find marked regional differences in Southern Ocean overturning with distinct South Indian fingerprints on (early de-)glacial atmospheric CO2 change. The dissipation of this heterogeneity commenced 14.6 kyr ago, signaling the onset of modern-like, strong South Indian Ocean upwelling, likely promoted by rejuvenated Atlantic overturning. Our findings highlight the South Indian Ocean’s capacity to influence atmospheric CO2 levels and amplify the impacts of inter-hemispheric climate variability on global carbon cycling within centuries and millennia.

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Habitat use and diet as biogeographic indicators for subantarctic Ectemnorhinini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Antarctic Science ◽

10.1017/s0954102089000052 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

S.L. Chown

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Habitat Use ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

The South ◽

South Indian Ocean ◽

Warm Up ◽

South Indian ◽

History Of ◽

Quaternary History ◽

History Of The South

Most of the species in the Ectemnorhinin are cryptogam feeders, angiosperm feeders representing a minority. It is hypothesized that this dearth of angiosperm feeders is due to previous climatic conditions, which precluded angiosperm herbivory, but allowed for the exploitation of a diverse cryptogamic flora, and that only with the post-glacial warm-up of the Subantarctic has angiosperm herbivory become possible. When examined in the light of the Quaternary history of the South Indian Ocean Province islands, evidence obtained from a study of the habitat use, diet and morphology of species within the tribe supports this hypothesis.

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Contrasts

The Indo-Roman Pepper Trade and the Muziris Papyrus ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198842347.003.0015 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 251-274

Author(s):

Federico De Romanis

Keyword(s):

Sixteenth Century ◽

East Africa ◽

Average Weight ◽

The South ◽

East African ◽

The Third ◽

South Indian ◽

History Of ◽

History Of The South

This chapter examines three pertinent comparisons arising from the reconstruction of the Hermapollon’s cargo. The first concerns the size of the ships involved in the pepper trade and its relationship to both the region from which the spice was exported and the sea route by which it was transported. The pepper trade can take different forms, and the pattern detailed by the Muziris papyrus proves to be unique in the long history of the South Indian pepper trade. The second comparison concerns the Periplus’ list of the commodities available in the Limyrike emporia and the Hermapollon’s cargo as itemized in the verso of the Muziris papyrus. Finally, the third comparison concerns the size of the elephant tusks. When compared with the average weight of some sixteenth-century East African cargoes, the average weight of the tusks carried by the Hermapollon reveals the overall fine quality of the batch and, ultimately, the distinctiveness of the human–elephant relationship in India compared to East Africa.

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