Acetate-dependent tRNA acetylation required for decoding fidelity in protein synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1010-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Taniguchi ◽  
Kenjyo Miyauchi ◽  
Yuriko Sakaguchi ◽  
Seisuke Yamashita ◽  
Akiko Soma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Decoding Fidelity

scholarly journals Reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis using in vitro transcribed tRNAs

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keita Hibi ◽  
Kazuaki Amikura ◽  
Naoki Sugiura ◽  
Keiko Masuda ◽  
Satoshi Ohno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Active Protein ◽  
Free System ◽  
Free Protein ◽  
Pure System ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Free Protein Synthesis ◽  
Decoding Fidelity

AbstractEntire reconstitution of tRNAs for active protein production in a cell-free system brings flexibility into the genetic code engineering. It can also contribute to the field of cell-free synthetic biology, which aims to construct self-replicable artificial cells. Herein, we developed a system equipped only with in vitro transcribed tRNA (iVTtRNA) based on a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis (PURE) system. The developed system, consisting of 21 iVTtRNAs without nucleotide modifications, is able to synthesize active proteins according to the redesigned genetic code. Manipulation of iVTtRNA composition in the system enabled genetic code rewriting. Introduction of modified nucleotides into specific iVTtRNAs demonstrated to be effective for both protein yield and decoding fidelity, where the production yield of DHFR reached about 40% of the reaction with native tRNA at 30°C. The developed system will prove useful for studying decoding processes, and may be employed in genetic code and protein engineering applications.

Homochirality as the Signature of Extra-Terrestrial Life

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. MacDermott ◽  
Laurence D. Barron ◽  
Andrè Brack ◽  
Thomas Buhse ◽  
John R. Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Physical Origin ◽  
Natural Choice ◽  
Rosetta Mission ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Solar System Bodies ◽  
Origin Of Homochirality

AbstractThe most characteristic hallmark of life is its homochirality: all biomolecules are usually of one hand, e.g. on Earth life uses only L-amino acids for protein synthesis and not their D mirror images. We therefore suggest that a search for extra-terrestrial life can be approached as a Search for Extra- Terrestrial Homochirality (SETH). The natural choice for a SETH instrument is optical rotation, and we describe a novel miniaturized space polarimeter, called the SETH Cigar, which could be used to detect optical rotation as the homochiral signature of life on other planets. Moving parts are avoided by replacing the normal rotating polarizer by multiple fixed polarizers at different angles as in the eye of the bee. We believe that homochirality may be found in the subsurface layers on Mars as a relic of extinct life, and on other solar system bodies as a sign of advanced pre-biotic chemistry. We discuss the chiral GC-MS planned for the Roland lander of the Rosetta mission to a comet and conclude with theories of the physical origin of homochirality.

Lymphocyte activity and protein synthesis

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
DEREK C. MACALLAN
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Lymphocyte Activity

Protein synthesis in mitochondria purified from roots, leaves and flowers of sugar beet

1991 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Lind ◽  
Christer Hallden ◽  
Ian M. Moller
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Sugar Beet

Respiratory energy requirements and rate of protein turnover in vivo determined by the use of an inhibitor of protein synthesis and a probe to assess its effect

1994 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Bouma ◽  
R. De Visser ◽  
J. H. J. A. Janssen ◽  
M. J. De Kock ◽  
P H. Van Leeuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Inhibitor Of Protein Synthesis

Altered protein synthesis during in situ oat leaf senescence

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Lalonde ◽  
Rajinder S. Dhindsa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Altered Protein

Age of potato seed-tubers influences protein synthesis during sprouting

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Mohan Kumar ◽  
N. Richard Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers
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