scholarly journals Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array Antenna using High Gain Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Elements

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ByungKuon Ahn ◽  
In-June Hwang ◽  
Kwang-Seok Kim ◽  
Soo-Chang Chae ◽  
Jong-Won Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phased Array ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Reconfigurable Antenna ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Phased Array Antenna ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Phased Array Antennas ◽  
Array Antennas ◽  
Scanning Range

AbstractThis paper presents a wide-angle scanning phased array antenna using high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna (PRA) elements. Using PRA elements is an attractive solution for wide-angle scanning phased array antennas because the scanning range can be divided into several subspaces. To achieve the desired scanning performance, some characteristics of the PRA element such as the number of switching modes, tilt angle, and maximum half-power beamwidth (HPBW) are required. We analyzed the required characteristics of the PRA element according to the target scanning range and element spacing, and presented a PRA element design guideline for phased array antennas. In accordance with the guideline, the scanning range was set as ±70° and a high gain PRA element with three reconfigurable patterns was used to compose an 8x1 array antenna with 0.9 λ0 spacing. After analyzing whether the active element patterns meet the guideline, the array antenna was fabricated and measured to demonstrate the scanning performance. The fabricated array can scan its beam from -70° to 70° by dividing the scanning range into three subspaces. It shows that even if the array antenna has large element spacing, the desired scanning performance can be obtained using the elements designed under the guideline.

scholarly journals Flower Pollination Algorithm for Adaptive Beamforming of Phased Array Antennas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tarek Abdel Rahman Sallam ◽  
Adel Bedair Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Masoud Alghoniemy ◽  
Zen Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Phased Array ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Adaptive Beamforming ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Flower Pollination Algorithm ◽  
Phased Array Antenna ◽  
Phased Array Antennas ◽  
Flower Pollination ◽  
Array Antennas

This paper introduces the flower pollination algorithm (FPA) as an optimization technique suitable for adaptive beamforming of phased array antennas. The FPA is a new nature-inspired evolutionary computation algorithm that is based on pollinating behaviour of flowering plants. Unlike the other nature-inspired algorithms, the FPA has fewer tuning parameters to fit into different optimization problems. The FPA is used to compute the complex beamforming weights of the phased array antenna. In order to exhibit the robustness of the new technique, the FPA has been applied to a uniform linear array antenna with different array sizes. The results reveal that the FPA leads to the optimum Wiener weights in each array size with less number of iterations compared with two other evolutionary optimization algorithms namely, particle swarm optimization and cuckoo search.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF AN ACTIVE PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA IN THE TERMINAL OF THE EXPRESS-RV SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

T-Comm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Victor S. Aleshin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Phased Array Antenna ◽  
Scanning Angle ◽  
Phased Array Antennas ◽  
Array Antennas ◽  
Mobile Satellite ◽  
Antenna Systems

The basic principles of building a promising domestic regional satellite communication system “Express-RV”, based on the highly elliptical orbit “Molniya” and intended for broadband access of civil sector subscribers to various public communication networks, in particular to the Internet, are considered. The main technical requirements for the antenna systems of mobile mobile satellite communication terminals of the Express-RV system are formulated. The necessity of using active phased array antennas for a number of types of such terminals is justified. A brief overview of the principles of implementation and examples of the design of microstrip active phased array antennas, including their elementary emitters and individual modules, are given. The problem of the occurrence of the blinding effect inherent in flat microstrip gratings made on dielectric substrates is noted; measures to compen-sate for this effect are considered. The possibility of expanding the maximum scanning angle of a narrowly directed beam of an active phased array antenna by using a magnetically controlled scattering dielectric lens, as well as creating segment-dome structures of antenna systems in relation to mobile terminals of mobile satellite communications of the “Express-RV” system, is shown. Simple analytical relations are derived that allow us to estimate the number of elementary emitters required for the implementation of a receiving-transmitting active phased array antenna with specified technical characteristics: gain and maximum scanning angle; the corresponding dependencies are given. The cost of creating an antenna system based on an active phased array is estimated.

Convolutional neural network for 2D adaptive beamforming of phased array antennas with robustness to array imperfections

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tarek Sallam ◽  
Ahmed M. Attiya
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Weight Vector ◽  
Adaptive Beamforming ◽  
Phased Array Antenna ◽  
Phased Array Antennas ◽  
Array Antennas ◽  
Optimum Weight ◽  
High Computational Complexity

Abstract Achieving robust and fast two-dimensional adaptive beamforming of phased array antennas is a challenging problem due to its high-computational complexity. To address this problem, a deep-learning-based beamforming method is presented in this paper. In particular, the optimum weight vector is computed by modeling the problem as a convolutional neural network (CNN), which is trained with I/O pairs obtained from the optimum Wiener solution. In order to exhibit the robustness of the new technique, it is applied on an 8 × 8 phased array antenna and compared with a shallow (non-deep) neural network namely, radial basis function neural network. The results reveal that the CNN leads to nearly optimal Wiener weights even in the presence of array imperfections.

Phased-array antennas using novel PSoC-controlled phase shifters for wireless applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Aparna B. Barbadekar ◽  
Pradeep M. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Phase Shifters ◽  
Control Circuit ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Phased Array Antenna ◽  
Phased Array Antennas ◽  
Array Antennas ◽  
Low Insertion Loss

Abstract The paper proposes a system consisting of novel programmable system on chip (PSoC)-controlled phase shifters which in turn guides the beam of an antenna array attached to it. Four antennae forming an array receive individual inputs from the programmable phase shifters (IC 2484). The input to the PSoC-based phase shifter is provided from an optimized 1:4 Wilkinson power divider. The antenna consists of an inverted L-shaped dipole on the front and two mirrored inverted L-shaped dipoles mounted on a rectangular conductive structure on the back which resonates in the ISM/Wi-Fi band (2.40–2.48 GHz). The power divider is designed to provide the feed to the phase shifter using a beamforming network while ensuring good isolation among the ports. The power divider has measured S11, S21, S31, S41, and S51 to be −14, −6.25, −6.31, −6.28, and −6.31 dB, respectively at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The ingenious controller is designed in-house using a PSoC microcontroller to regulate the control voltage of individual phase shifter IC and generate progressive phase shifts. To validate the calibration of the in-house designed control circuit, the phased array is simulated using $s_p^2$ touchstone file of IC 2484. This designed control circuit exhibits low insertion loss close to −8.5 dB, voltage standing wave ratio of 1.58:1, and reflection coefficient (S11) is −14.36 dB at 2.45 GHz. Low insertion loss variations confirm that the phased-array antenna gives equal amplitude and phase. The beamforming radiation patterns for different scan angles (30, 60, and 90°) for experimental and simulated phased-array antenna are matched accurately showing the accuracy of the control circuit designed. The average experimental and simulated gain is 13.03 and 13.48 dBi respectively. The in-house designed controller overcomes the primary limitations associated with the present electromechanical phased array such as cost weight, size, power consumption, and complexity in design which limits the use of a phased array to military applications only. The current study with novel design and enhanced performance makes the system worthy of the practical use of phased-array antennas for common society at large.

scholarly journals A Tutorial on Optical Feeding of Millimeter-Wave Phased Array Antennas for Communication Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Aldaya ◽  
Gabriel Campuzano ◽  
Gerardo Castañón ◽  
Alejandro Aragón-Zavala
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Interference Avoidance ◽  
Amplitude Control ◽  
Phased Array Antennas ◽  
Array Antennas ◽  
The Impact

Given the interference avoidance capacity, high gain, and dynamical reconfigurability, phased array antennas (PAAs) have emerged as a key enabling technology for future broadband mobile applications. This is especially important at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies, where the high power consumption and significant path loss impose serious range constraints. However, at mm-wave frequencies the phase and amplitude control of the feeding currents of the PAA elements is not a trivial issue because electrical beamforming requires bulky devices and exhibits relatively narrow bandwidth. In order to overcome these limitations, different optical beamforming architectures have been presented. In this paper we review the basic principles of phased arrays and identify the main challenges, that is, integration of high-speed photodetectors with antenna elements and the efficient optical control of both amplitude and phase of the feeding current. After presenting the most important solutions found in the literature, we analyze the impact of the different noise sources on the PAA performance, giving some guidelines for the design of optically fed PAAs.

Application of Ferroelectrics in Low-Cost Microwave Phased-Array Antennas

2002 ◽  
Vol 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. L. Rao ◽  
D. P. Patel ◽  
P. K. Park ◽  
T. K. Dougherty ◽  
J. A. Zelik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bulk Phase ◽  
Phase Shifting ◽  
Phased Array Antenna ◽  
Beam Scanning ◽  
Phased Array Antennas ◽  
Array Antennas ◽  
Radiating Element

AbstractA novel, low-cost, phased-array antenna that uniquely incorporates bulk phase shifting using voltage-tunable dielectric (VTD) material is presented. The array does not contain an individual phase shifter at each radiating element. This paper presents the antenna concept and describes how it can be used as a low-cost phased array. The VTDs that are used in this antenna are described. The measured antenna patterns of a prototype phased array demonstrating electronic beam scanning at 10 GHz are also presented.

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