scholarly journals First instar larvae of endemic Australian Miltogramminae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szpila ◽  
Kinga Walczak ◽  
Nikolas P. Johnston ◽  
Thomas Pape ◽  
James F. Wallman
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe first instar larva of a species of the Australian endemic genus Aenigmetopia Malloch is described for the first time, along with the first instar larvae of three other Australian species representing the genera Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy and Protomiltogramma Townsend. Larval morphology was analysed using a combination of light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon, antennal complex, maxillary palpus, facial mask, modifications of thoracic and abdominal segments, anal region, spiracular field, posterior spiracles and details of the cephaloskeleton. Substantial morphological differences are observed between the three genera, most notably in the labrum and mouthhooks of the cephaloskeleton, sensory organs of the pseudocephalon, spinulation, sculpture of the integument and form of the spiracular field. The first instar larval morphology of Aenigmetopia amissa Johnston, Wallman, Szpila & Pape corroborates the close phylogenetic affinity of Aenigmetopia Malloch with Metopia Meigen, inferred from recent molecular analysis. The larval morphology of Amobia auriceps (Baranov), Protomiltogramma cincta Townsend and Protomiltogramma plebeia Malloch is mostly congruent with the morphology of Palaearctic representatives of both genera.

Infection of human CD34+ progenitor cells with Bartonella henselae results in intraerythrocytic presence of B henselae

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Mändle ◽  
Hermann Einsele ◽  
Martin Schaller ◽  
Diana Neumann ◽  
Wichard Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Erythroid Differentiation ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Facs Analysis ◽  
Human Cd34 ◽  
First Time

Abstract Although there is evidence that endothelial cells are important targets for human pathogenic Bartonella species, the primary niche of infection is unknown. Here we elucidated whether human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) internalize B henselae and may serve as a potential niche of the pathogen. We showed that B henselae does not adhere to or invade human erythrocytes. In contrast, B henselae invades and persists in HPCs as shown by gentamicin protection assays, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and electron microscopy (EM). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of glycophorin A expression revealed that erythroid differentiation of HPCs was unaffected following infection with B henselae. The number of intracellular B henselae continuously increased over a 13-day period. When HPCs were infected with B henselae immediately after isolation, intracellular bacteria were subsequently detectable in differentiated erythroid cells on day 9 and day 13 after infection, as shown by CLSM, EM, and FACS analysis. Our data provide, for the first time, evidence that a bacterial pathogen is able to infect and persist in differentiating HPCs, and suggest that HPCs might serve as a potential primary niche in Bartonella infections.

scholarly journals Morphology of the first instar larvae of two species of Taxigramma PERRIS, 1852 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szpila ◽  
Thomas Pape
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Partial Reduction ◽  
Basal Ring ◽  
Facial Mask ◽  
Anal Region ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Substantial Modification ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal

ABSTRACT The first instar larva is described for two species of the kleptoparasitic miltogrammine genus Taxigramma PERRIS: T. albina (ROHDENDORF) and T. karakulensis (ENDERLEIN). Using a combination of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon, antennal complex, maxillary palpus, facial mask, modifications of thoracic and abdominal segments, anal region, spiracular field, posterior spiracles and details of the cephaloskeleton. The first instar larvae of T. albina and T. karakulensis exhibit substantial modification of their morphology by presence of large antennal dome, partial reduction of the antennal basal ring, lack of oral ridges, lack of dorsal bridge, strong modification of spinulation and lack of hair-like spines around the spiracular field. These character states may be treated as apomorphies in comparison with the plesiomorphic ground plan defined for larvae of saprophagous calyptrate flies.

scholarly journals Physiological controls on seawater uptake and calcification in the benthic foraminifer <i>Ammonia tepida</i>

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2669-2675 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. de Nooijer ◽  
G. Langer ◽  
G. Nehrke ◽  
J. Bijma
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Benthic Foraminifer ◽  
Amorphous Precursor ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Ca Ions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cellular Ca

Abstract. To analyze the relation between seawater uptake and calcification, we incubated juveniles of the benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida with various fluorescent probes and visualised them afterwards with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Vesicle membranes, Ca ions and vacuole fluids were followed with various tracers and showed for the first time that endocytosis of seawater is part of the calcification process in Ammonia tepida. Data on the intracellular Ca ion cycling allowed for calculating a preliminary cellular Ca budget during foraminiferal calcification. This showed that the free calcium involved in the production of a new chamber cannot be sufficient and suggests that foraminifera may precipitate their calcite from an amorphous precursor.

Larval morphology, biology and distribution of Agabus setulosus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders N. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
The Third ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia ◽  
First Instar ◽  
First Time

AbstractA lectotype is designated for Agabus setulosus (J. Sahlberg, 1895), a rare rheophilous dytiscid known mainly from northern Fennoscandia. The larval instars are described for the first time, based on material from northern Sweden. The first-instar larva is characterized by the presence of two dorsal spines on each femur and a pair of mediodorsal setae on last abdominal segment; both characters are seemingly unique among Agabus. The third instar differs from all other Palaearctic Agabus species in the complete sclerotization of the ring-like abdominal segment 6. The biology of A. setulosus is described from a Swedish population; semivoltine life cycle with overwintering eggs laid in summer followed by adult overwintering prior to breeding is suggested.

scholarly journals Pollen heteromorphism in Schleichera Lour. (Sapindaceae), observed in surface soil samples from central India

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Md. Firoze Quamar ◽  
Biswajeet Thakur ◽  
Veeru Kant Singh ◽  
Santosh Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Central India ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Pollen Heteromorphism ◽  
C Value ◽  
First Time

Angiosperms display striking variation of pollen morphological features within and between populations of the same species, as well as within individual plants. We describe and illustrate variation of pollen aperture number, which is called pollen heteromorphism, in Schleichera Lour. (Sapindaceae) from surface soil samples collected from central India, based on combined observations from light microscopy (LM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Tri-zono-parasyncolporoidate pollen grains are, in general, known to occur in Schleichera Lour., but occasional tetra-zono-parasyncolporoidate pollen is also recorded, for the first time, from Chhattisgarh State, central India. Changes in ploidy level (diploidy/polyploidy), chromosome number, the C-value of DNA, completion of meiosis, as well as environmental factors and/or pollination ecology could be driving the occurrence of pollen heteromorphism. The present study could provide insights into the phylogeny and systematics, and has implications for pollen preservation as well.

Attachment to Minerals and Biofilm Development of Extremely Acidophilic Archaea

2013 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yong Zhang ◽  
Mario Vera ◽  
Sören Bellenberg ◽  
Wolfgang Sand
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Preferential Attachment ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Biofilm Development

Biofilm development of F. acidiphilum BRGM4 on polycarbonate filters floating on liquid medium and pyrite surfaces were studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) combined with epifluorescence microscopy (EFM). Results show that F. acidiphilum biofilms were heterogeneously distributed, and varied among different growth conditions, such as inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation and glucose supplementation. Biofilm and planktonic cells showed significant morphological differences. Capsular EPS were observed in both biofilm and planktonic cells. Cells showed preferential attachment to the cracks/defects of pyrite surfaces.

Intra- and interspecific analysis of first instar larval morphology in the genus Berberomeloe Bologna 1989 (Coleoptera: Meloidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2089 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIARA SETTANNI ◽  
ANDREA Di GIULIO ◽  
MARIA GRAZIA FINOIA ◽  
MARCO A. BOLOGNA
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
North African ◽  
First Instar ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
First Time

The first instar larva of Berberomeloe insignis (Charpentier, 1818) is described and figured for the first time and compared to that of B. majalis (Linnaeus, 1758). Diagnostic larval characters of the genus and of both species are identified. Morphometric data from different populations are analyzed statistically. Results support species differentiation and characters definition. Additionally, analyses also suggest that whereas B. majalis is structured in the Iberian Peninsula, there is a lack of differentiation between Iberian and North African populations.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma suis Invades Porcine Erythrocytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 576-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Groebel ◽  
K. Hoelzle ◽  
M. M. Wittenbrink ◽  
U. Ziegler ◽  
L. E. Hoelzle
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Fluorescent Labeling ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Mycoplasma Suis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Hemotrophic Mycoplasma ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma suis belongs to the hemotrophic mycoplasma group and causes infectious anemia in pigs. According to the present state of knowledge, this organism adheres to the surface of erythrocytes but does not invade them. We found a novel M. suis isolate that caused severe anemia in pigs with a fatal disease course. Interestingly, only marginal numbers of the bacteria were visible on and between the erythrocytes in acridine orange-stained blood smears for acutely diseased pigs, whereas very high loads of M. suis were detected in the same blood samples by quantitative PCR. These findings indicated that M. suis is capable of invading erythrocytes. By use of fluorescent labeling of M. suis and examination by confocal laser scanning microscopy, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, we proved that the localization of M. suis was intracellular. This organism invades erythrocytes in an endocytosis-like process and is initially surrounded by two membranes, and it was also found floating freely in the cytoplasm. In conclusion, we were able to prove for the first time that a member of the hemotrophic mycoplasma group is able to invade the erythrocytes of its host. Such colonization should protect the bacterial cells from the host's immune response and hamper antibiotic treatment. In addition, an intracellular life cycle may explain the chronic nature of hemotrophic mycoplasma infections and should serve as the foundation for novel strategies in hemotrophic mycoplasma research (e.g., treatment or prophylaxis).

scholarly journals The mandibular gland inNasonia vitripennis(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Mikó ◽  
Andrew Deans
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Mandibular Gland ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Courtship Behaviors ◽  
First Time

The mandibular gland ofNasonia vitripennis(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is visualized for the first time, using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and dissection. The gland was previously hypothesized to exist, based on observations of the wasp's courtship behaviors, but its presence had never been confirmed.

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