scholarly journals Non-cancer disease prevalence and association with occupational radiation exposure among Korean radiation workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soojin Park ◽  
Dal Nim Lee ◽  
Young Woo Jin ◽  
Eun Shil Cha ◽  
Won-Il Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Prevalence Odds Ratio ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Radiation Workers ◽  
Cancer Diseases

AbstractRadiation-induced cancer risks have known stochastic effects; however, regarding non-cancer diseases, evidence of risk at low radiation doses remains unclear. We aimed to identify underlying characteristics concerning non-cancer disease prevalence and determine associations with radiation dose among Korean radiation workers. Using a nationwide baseline survey, 20,608 workers were enrolled. Data concerning participant demographics, occupational characteristics, lifestyle, and lifetime prevalence of non-cancer diseases were linked to a national dose registry. We compared non-cancer disease prevalences in the Korean general population with those in this cohort and undertook a dose–response analysis concerning the cumulative dose. Hyperlipidemia (10.6%), circulatory (9.6%), and respiratory (4.1%) system diseases, followed by thyroid diseases (3.5%), had the highest prevalences, with hyperlipidemia, thyroid diseases, and hepatitis prevalence being higher in the cohort than in the general population. Radiation doses were associated with elevated prevalences of most diseases; however, associations were attenuated and not significant after adjusting for confounders, except for musculoskeletal system diseases (prevalence odds ratio [POR]/10 mSv, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.07) and cataracts (POR/10 mSv, 1.04; 95% CI 1.00–1.07). Further studies are warranted to investigate the causality of those non-cancer diseases involving more varied confounders such as physical and psychosocial stresses and ultraviolet light.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Organ Dose Received by Cardiologists Arising From Angiography Examinations in Educational Hospital in Rasht

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Shoshtary ◽  
Jalil Pirayesh Islamian ◽  
Mohsen Asadinezhad ◽  
Alireza Sadremomtaz
Keyword(s):  
Organ Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Occupational Dose ◽  
Measured Dose ◽  
Dose Limits ◽  
Radiation Workers ◽  
Source Use ◽  
Dose Levels

<p>Interventional procedures, cine acquisitions and operation of fluoroscopic equipment in high-dose fluoroscopic modes, involve long fluoroscopic times which can lead to high staff doses. Also, Coronary angiography (CA) procedures require the cardiologist and assisting personnel to remain close to the patient, which is the main source of scattered radiation. Thus, radiation exposure is a significant concern for radiation workers and it is important to measure the radiation doses received by personnel and evaluate the parameters concerning total radiation burden. In this research, we investigated radiation doses to 10 cardiologists performing 120 CA procedures. Using thermo luminescent dosimeters doses to the wrists, thyroid and eyes per procedure were measured. Based on the measured dose values, maximum doses to the Left wrist, Right wrist, thyroid and eyes of cardiologist were measured 241.45 µSv, 203.17 µSv, 78.21 µSv and 44.58 µSv, respectively. The results of this study indicate that distance from the source, use of protective equipment's, procedure complexity, equipment performance, and cardiologist experience are the principal exposure-determining variables. It can be conclude that if adequate radiation protection approaches have been implemented, occupational dose levels to cardiologists would be within the regulated acceptable dose limits.</p>

scholarly journals Negative correlation between the number of sunspots and the occurrence of 7Be and 22Na in the surface air and their contribution to radiation doses

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-295
Author(s):  
Drago Brodnik ◽  
Denis Glavič-Cindro ◽  
Matjaž Korun ◽  
Marijan Nečemer ◽  
Petra Maver-Modec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
External Exposure ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Cosmogenic Radionuclides ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Time Dependencies

AbstractThis article presents yearly mean concentrations of cosmogenic radionuclides 7Be and 22Na occurring in dry and wet depositions (fallout) and aerosols. Time dependencies negatively correlated with the yearly mean number of sunspots. Activity concentrations of 7Be and 22Na in aerosols in the surface air had a correlation of near-unity. 7Be in aerosols exhibited a smoother time dependence than 22Na, implying that the production of 22Na is more sensitive to the solar activity than the production of 7Be. The effect of the measured doses on the general population through internal and external exposure to radiation from cosmogenic radionuclides was small.

Association between circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Xie ◽  
Changzhi Huang ◽  
Xingchen Zhu ◽  
Jiayu Wang ◽  
Xikang Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
General Population ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is an important growth factor modulating development, homeostasis, and aging. However, whether and how circulating IGF-1 concentrations influence early death risk in the general population remains largely unknown. Methods: We included 380,997 participants who had serum IGF-1 measurement and no history of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes at baseline from UK Biobank, a prospective cohort study initiated in 2006-2010. Restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between baseline IGF-1 concentrations and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results: Over a median follow-up of 8.8 years, 10,753 of the participants died, including 6110 from cancer and 1949 from CVD. Dose-response analysis showed a U-shaped relationship between IGF-1 levels and mortality. Compared to the fifth decile of IGF-1, the lowest decile was associated with 39% (95% CI: 29%-50%), 20% (95% CI: 8%-34%), and 39% (95% CI: 14%-68%) higher risk of all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality, respectively, while the highest decile was associated with 17% (95% CI: 7%-28%) and 38% (95% CI: 11%-71%) higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. The results remained stable in detailed stratified and sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that both low and high concentrations of serum IGF-1 are associated with increased risk of mortality in the general population. Our study provides a basis for future interrogation of underlying mechanisms of IGF-1 in early death occurrence and possible implications for mitigating the risk.

Cancer and depression: A comparison of cancer victims with the general population, findings from the European Social Survey 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 504-510
Author(s):  
Gerd Inger Ringdal ◽  
Kristen Ringdal
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Living With Cancer

Aims: An increasing number of people in Europe are living with cancer, either as an active disease or as a past experience. Depressive symptoms may impair quality of life in cancer patients and may constitute increased risks for disability, as well as being a risk factor for increased mortality. Our study compared self-reported symptoms of depression in people who currently or previously have experienced cancer with self-reported symptoms of depression in the general population. Methods: Our study was based on data from the European Social Survey 2014, with representative samples from 19 countries. Depression was measured by an eight-item CES-D Scale, with a cut-point of a mean score of 2 to indicate depression. Multilevel modelling was used to examine the relationship between cancer status and depression. Results: Respondents who at the time of the interview reported to have cancer were more likely to report symptoms above the cut-point on the depression scale than people who never had experienced cancer (unadjusted odds ratio (ORunadjusted)=2.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.20–3.06; and ORadjusted=2.00; 95% CI 1.70–2.36). The difference was smaller comparing people who previously had experienced cancer to people who never had experienced cancer (ORunadjusted=1.46; 95% CI 1.19–1.79; and ORadjusted=1.28; 95% CI 1.05–1.55). The differences in depression by cancer status did not vary among the welfare state regimes. Conclusions: Respondents with a cancer disease showed a substantial elevated risk of depression after adjusting for a range of potential confounders. Respondents who had recovered also showed significantly higher adjusted risk of depression than respondents who had never experienced cancer.

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE CHARACTERISTICS AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RADIATION DOSES AMONG KOREAN RADIATION WORKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Jiyeong Kim ◽  
Songwon Seo ◽  
Dal Nim Lee ◽  
Soojin Park ◽  
Ki-Jung Im ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Industrial Radiography ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
Education Industry ◽  
Radiation Workers

Abstract This study identified occupational factors associated with radiation exposure in Korea. Survey data of 16 037 workers from 2016 to 2017, including lifestyle factors and occupational characteristics, were combined with the National Dose Registry. Higher average annual doses were observed in groups exhibiting health risk factors such as body mass index (BMI) and smoking. Average annual doses also differed according to occupational characteristics, including average daily working hours, use of radiation protection gear, calendar year of hiring and employment status. Moreover, the influence of different factors on radiation dose differed with occupations. In industrial radiography and nuclear power plants, average daily working hours were the most important factor determining worker radiation doses. In other occupations, such as education, industry and research, calendar year of hiring and duration of employment were the most important factors. This research indicates the need to consider the specific work procedures of occupations to determine exposure variations between or within facilities.

scholarly journals Assessing DSM-IV symptoms of panic attack in the general population: An item response analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 143 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Sunderland ◽  
Megan J. Hobbs ◽  
Gavin Andrews ◽  
Michelle G. Craske
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Dsm Iv

scholarly journals σ2 Receptor and Its Role in Cancer with Focus on a MultiTarget Directed Ligand (MTDL) Approach

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3743
Author(s):  
Francesca Serena Abatematteo ◽  
Mauro Niso ◽  
Enza Lacivita ◽  
Carmen Abate
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
Multiple Molecules ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Cancer Diseases

Sigma-2 (σ2) is an endoplasmic receptor identified as the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein TMEM97. Despite its controversial identity, which was only recently solved, this protein has gained scientific interest because of its role in the proliferative status of cells; many tumor cells from different organs overexpress the σ2 receptor, and many σ2 ligands display cytotoxic actions in (resistant) cancer cells. These properties have shed light on the σ2 receptor as a potential druggable target to be bound/activated for the diagnosis or therapy of tumors. Additionally, diverse groups have shown how the σ2 receptor can be exploited for the targeted delivery of the anticancer drugs to tumors. As the cancer disease is a multifactorial pathology with multiple cell populations, a polypharmacological approach is very often needed. Instead of the simultaneous administration of different classes of drugs, the use of one molecule that interacts with diverse pharmacological targets, namely MultiTarget Directed Ligand (MTDL), is a promising and currently pursued strategy, that may overcome the pharmacokinetic problems associated with the administration of multiple molecules. This review aims to point out the progress regarding the σ2 ligands in the oncology field, with a focus on MTDLs directed towards σ2 receptors as promising weapons against (resistant) cancer diseases.

scholarly journals Occupational radiation exposure and cancer incidence in a cohort of diagnostic medical radiation workers in South Korea

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107452
Author(s):  
Won Jin Lee ◽  
Seulki Ko ◽  
Ye Jin Bang ◽  
Seung-Ah Choe ◽  
Yeongchull Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Medical Radiation ◽  
Radiation Workers ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Occupational Radiation

ObjectivesWe investigated the association between protracted low-dose ionising radiation and the risk of cancer in medical radiation workers, the largest group of workers with occupational radiation exposures.MethodsData of all South Korean diagnostic medical radiation workers enrolled at the National Dose Registry during 1996–2011 were merged with the death and cancer incidence data until 31 December 2017. SIRs, relative risks and excess relative risks (ERRs) for cancer were calculated to quantify the radiation dose–response relationship using Poisson regression models.ResultsA total of 3392 first primary cancer cases were identified among 93 920 diagnostic medical radiation workers. The mean cumulative badge dose in the cohort was 7.20 mSv. The ERRs for solid cancer with a 5-year lag and haematopoietic cancers with a 2-year lag for all workers were 0.15 per 100 mGy (95% CI −0.20 to 0.51) and 0.09 per 100 mGy (95% CI −2.02 to 2.20), respectively. The ERRs for cancers did not significantly vary by job title, different lag years or after excluding thyroid and lung cancers. Sensitivity analyses restricted to workers employed for at least 1 year, or who were employed in or after 1996, or who had exposure to a cumulative badge dose of 1 mSv or more showed similar results.ConclusionsOccupational radiation doses were not significantly associated with cancer incidence among South Korean diagnostic medical radiation workers. However, cautious interpretation of ERRs is needed due to the limitations of short follow-up and low cumulative radiation doses.

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