scholarly journals English hospital episode data analysis (1998–2018) reveal that the rise in dog bite hospital admissions is driven by adult cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. P. Tulloch ◽  
Sara C. Owczarczak-Garstecka ◽  
Kate M. Fleming ◽  
Roberto Vivancos ◽  
Carri Westgarth
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Hospital Episode ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Risk Reduction Intervention ◽  
Care Costs

AbstractDog bites are a global health issue that can lead to severe health outcomes. This study aims to describe the incidence and sociodemographics of patients admitted to English National Health Service (NHS) hospitals for dog bites (1998–2018), and to estimate their annual direct health care costs. An analysis of patient level data utilising hospital episode statistics for NHS England, including: temporal trends in annual incidence of admission, Poisson models of the sociodemographic characteristics of admitted patients, and direct health care cost estimates. The incidence of dog bite admissions rose from 6.34 (95%CI 6.12–6.56) in 1998 to 14.99 (95%CI 14.67–15.31) admissions per 100,000 population in 2018, with large geographic variation. The increase was driven by a tripling of incidence in adults. Males had the highest rates of admission in childhood. Females had two peaks in admission, childhood and 35–64 years old. Two percent (2.05%, 95%CI 0.93–3.17) of emergency department attendances resulted in admission. Direct health care costs increased and peaked in the financial year 2017/2018 (admission costs: £25.1 million, emergency attendance costs: £45.7million). Dog bite related hospital admissions have increased solely in adults. Further work exploring human–dog interactions, stratified by demographic factors, is urgently needed to enable the development of appropriate risk reduction intervention strategies.

scholarly journals THU0548 THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS IN SPAIN. RESULTS OF THE SPANISH ATLAS 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 514.2-514
Author(s):  
M. Merino ◽  
O. Braçe ◽  
A. González ◽  
Á. Hidalgo-Vega ◽  
M. Garrido-Cumbrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Care Costs

Background:Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a disease associated with a high number of comorbidities, chronic pain, functional disability, and resource consumption.Objectives:This study aimed to estimate the burden of disease for patients diagnosed with AS in Spain.Methods:Data from 578 unselected patients with AS were collected in 2016 for the Spanish Atlas of Axial Spondyloarthritis via an online survey. The estimated costs were: Direct Health Care Costs (borne by the National Health System, NHS) and Direct Non-Health Care Costs (borne by patients) were estimated with the bottom-up method, multiplying the resource consumption by the unit price of each resource. Indirect Costs (labour productivity losses) were estimated using the human capital method. Costs were compared between levels of disease activity using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score (<4 or low inflammation versus ≥4 or high inflammation) and risk of mental distress using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) score (<3 or low risk versus ≥3 or high risk).Results:The average annual cost per patient with AS in 2015 amounted to €11,462.3 (± 13,745.5) per patient. Direct Health Care Cost meant an annual average of €6,999.8 (± 9,216.8) per patient, to which an annual average of €611.3 (± 1,276.5) per patient associated with Direct Non-Health Care Cost borne by patients must be added. Pharmacological treatment accounted for the largest percentage of the costs borne by the NHS (64.6%), while for patients most of the cost was attributed to rehabilitative therapies and/or physical activity (91%). The average annual Indirect Costs derived from labour productivity losses were €3,851.2 (± 8,484.0) per patient, mainly associated to absenteeism. All categories showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between BASDAI groups (<4 vs ≥4) except for the Direct Non-Healthcare Cost, showing a progressive rise in cost from low to high inflammation. Regarding the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), all categories showed statistically significant differences between GHQ-12 (<3 vs ≥3), with higher costs associated with higher risk of poor mental health (Table 1).Table 1.Average annual costs per patient according to BASDAI and GHQ-12 groups (in Euros, 2015)NDirect Health CostsDirect Non-Health CostsIndirect CostsTotal CostBASDAI<4917,592.0*557.32,426.5*10,575.8*≥43769,706.9*768.05,104.8*15,579.7*Psychological distress (GHQ-12)<31468,146.8*493.6*3,927.2*12,567.6*≥32609,772.9*807.2*4,512.3*15,092.5*Total5786,999.8611.33,851.211,462.3* p <0.05Conclusion:Direct Health Care Costs, and those attributed to pharmacological treatment in particular, accounted for the largest component of the cost associated with AS. However, a significant proportion of the overall costs can be further attributed to labour productivity losses.Acknowledgments:Funded by Novartis Farmacéutica S.A.Disclosure of Interests:María Merino: None declared, Olta Braçe: None declared, Almudena González: None declared, Álvaro Hidalgo-Vega: None declared, Marco Garrido-Cumbrera: None declared, Jordi Gratacos-Masmitja Grant/research support from: a grant from Pfizzer to study implementation of multidisciplinary units to manage PSA in SPAIN, Consultant of: Pfizzer, MSD, ABBVIE, Janssen, Amgen, BMS, Novartis, Lilly, Speakers bureau: Pfizzer, MSD, ABBVIE, Janssen, Amgen, BMS, Novartis, Lilly

Health care costs of physical inactivity in Canadian adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Care Costs

The purpose of this study was to provide a contemporary estimate of the health care cost of physical inactivity in Canadian adults. The health care cost was estimated using a prevalence-based approach. The estimated direct, indirect, and total health care costs of physical inactivity in Canada in 2009 were $2.4 billion, $4.3 billion, and $6.8 billion, respectively. These values represented 3.8%, 3.6%, and 3.7% of the overall health care costs.

scholarly journals Health Care Costs Associated to Type of Feeding in the First Year of Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4719
Author(s):  
Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz ◽  
María Paz-Zulueta ◽  
María Sáez de Adana Herrero ◽  
Elsa Cornejo del Rio ◽  
Sonia Mateo Sota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Care Costs

Background: Breastfeeding is associated with lower risk of infectious diseases, leading to fewer hospital admissions and pediatrician consultations. It is cost saving for the health care system, however, it is not usually estimated from actual cohorts but via simulation studies. Methods: A cohort of 970 children was followed-up for twelve months. Data on mother characteristics, pregnancy, delivery and neonate characteristics were obtained from medical records. The type of neonate feeding at discharge, 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of life was reported by the mothers. Infectious diseases diagnosed in the first year of life, hospital admissions, primary care and emergency room consultations and drug treatments were obtained from neonate medical records. Health care costs were attributed using public prices and All Patients Refined–Diagnosis Related Groups (APR–DRG) classification. Results: Health care costs in the first year of life were higher in children artificially fed than in those breastfed (1339.5€, 95% confidence interval (CI): 903.0–1775.0 for artificially fed vs. 443.5€, 95% CI: 193.7–694.0 for breastfed). The breakdown of costs also shows differences in primary care consultations (295.7€ for formula fed children vs. 197.9€ for breastfed children), emergency room consultations (260.1€ for artificially fed children vs. 196.2€ for breastfed children) and hospital admissions (791.6€ for artificially fed children vs. 86.9€ for breastfed children). Conclusions: Children artificially fed brought about more health care costs related to infectious diseases than those exclusively breastfed or mixed breastfed. Excess costs were caused in hospital admissions, primary care consultations, emergency room consultations and drug consumption.

A Labor-Management Approach to Health Care Cost Savings: The Peoria Experience

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Parsons ◽  
Jerry Belcher ◽  
Tom Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The City ◽  
Care Costs

Health care costs and the nature of the benefits package are an issue that plagues most jurisdictions. Written in a cooperative effort to reflect the perspectives of the labor and management co-chairs, Peoria's story is an example of the cooperation that has developed in that city. In addition to describing a remarkable city-wide effort to reduce health care costs and maintain an attractive benefit package, the article shows how success on a topic of importance to the parties and the community can sow the seeds of a broader cooperative relationship that improves services, quality of work life and the nature of the labor-management relationship. By agreement, the city and labor unions took the health care plan off the bargaining table, and instead, gave it to a city-wide joint committee, which solved the crisis and manages this difficult issue. Among other advances that mark a change from the past, the positive effects from the dramatic success in health care has contributed to a first-ever, five-year negotiated settlement between the city and the firefighters. Read about how Peoria accomplished this change by bold risk taking and by carefully nurturing the effort.

Direct health care costs of hospital admissions due to adverse events in the Netherlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne J. H. Magdelijns ◽  
Patricia M. Stassen ◽  
Coen D. A. Stehouwer ◽  
Evelien Pijpers
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Care Costs

scholarly journals EX1 The Effects of Polypharmacy on Health Care Costs and Hospital Admissions in Thai Elderly Population: Multivariate Two-Part Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. A607
Author(s):  
R. Sruamsiri ◽  
N. Jeanpeerapong ◽  
K. Jampachaisri ◽  
N. Chaiyakunapruk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Care Costs

scholarly journals Healthcare utilisation after discharge in patients admitted with gout in Western Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Kelty ◽  
Philip Robinson ◽  
Catherine Hill ◽  
Johannes Nossent ◽  
Warren Raymond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Health Service Utilisation ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Median Cost ◽  
Care Costs

Abstract Objectives Evidence suggests that gout is associated with high health care costs and that many inpatient admissions are preventable. Understanding the drivers of health care costs in patients with gout will allow more targeted intervention. The objective was to examine factors associated with high health service utilisation and costs in patients admitted to hospital with gout. Methods Hospital and emergency department data was obtained for patients who had been admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of gout for the first time between 2002 and 2009. The total number, cost and potentially preventable events for the follow-up period was calculated for up to five years post the initial gout hospitalisation. The association between patient characteristics with health service utilisation and health care costs was examined using generalised linear models. Results The cohort included 4,379 individuals, that had 22,222 ED attendances (median cost: $1,826 per patient, IQR: $433 - $4,414), and 58,920 hospital admissions (median cost: $25,009 per patient, IQR: $6,844 - $60,535). Gout was not a primary driver of ED attendances or hospitalisations. A history of smoking and comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and mental health disorders were associated with an increase health service utilisation and costs. Conclusion The presence of comorbidities play an important role the risk of health service utilization in people with gout and represents an opportunity to both improve the health-related outcomes for these patients and reduce re-presentations and associated health care costs for the health care system.

scholarly journals Health Care Costs attributable to Hospital-diagnosed Back Pain: A Longitudinal Register-based Study of the Danish Population

10.36469/9872 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Søgaard ◽  
Jan Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Care Costs

Background: Back pain is one of most frequent musculoskeletal conditions with enormous impact to health care systems and society. Analytical studies that guide the management of this disease are strongly needed, but there is a lack of cost estimates for the attributable cost of severe or chronic back pain in particular. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the health care costs attributable to hospitaldiagnosed back pain across strata of age-, gender- and diagnostic entity. Methods: All adult Danes (N=4.3 million) were included in this longitudinal, controlled register-based study. One-year prevalence was defined according to a previously published and validated algorithm, which was applied to the Danish national patient registry. Data from other relevant health service use registries was appended along with data from the national cause of death registry in order to calculate cost rates per life year (2011 price year). The attributable health care cost was defined as the absolute difference in cost rates between individuals with versus individuals without hospital-diagnosed back pain, whereas the ratio between the two groups was used for the reporting of reference values. Results: The health care costs attributable to hospital-diagnosed back pain were estimated at Danish Crowns (DKK) 22,700 per year for the youngest age strata (16-24 years) and increased up to DKK 72,700 per year for the oldest age strata of males (&gt;85 years). Hospital admissions and outpatient visits accounted for the majority of these costs. The ratio of health care costs for individuals with versus individuals without the condition ranged from less than 1 to almost 6, depending on the type of service use, age and gender. Conclusion: At the disease stage where back pain leads to contact with specialised health care, diseased individuals appear to use on average three times more health care than non-diseased individuals. This study provides detailed reference values, which can be used to inform health economic models.

The Distribution of Health Care Costs and Their Statistical Analysis for Economic Evaluation

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Briggs ◽  
Alastair Gray
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Parametric Methods ◽  
Patient Level Data ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Care Costs ◽  
Non Parametric

Objective: Where patient level data are available on health care costs, it is natural to use statistical analysis to describe the differences in cost between alternative treatments. Health care costs are, however, commonly considered to be skewed, which could present problems for standard statistical tests. This review examines how authors report the distributional form of health care cost data and how they have analysed their results. Method: A review of cost-effectiveness studies that collected patient-level data on health care costs. To supplement the review, five datasets on health care costs are examined. Consideration is given to the use of parametric methods on the transformed scale and to non-parametric methods of analysing skewed cost data. Results: Since economic analysis requires estimation in monetary units, the usefulness of transformation-based methods is limited by the inability to retransform cost differences to the original scale. Non-parametric rank sum methods were also found to be of limited use for economic analysis, partly due to the focus on hypothesis testing rather than estimation. Overall, the non-parametric approach of bootstrapping was found to offer a useful test of the appropriateness of parametric assumptions and an alternative method of estimation where those assumptions were found not to hold. Conclusions: Guidelines for the analysis of skewed health care cost data are offered.

Direct Health Care Cost and Work Incapacity Related to Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Switzerland: A Retrospective Analysis from 2008 to 2015

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1559-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Markus Scholz-Odermatt ◽  
François Luthi ◽  
Maria Monika Wertli ◽  
Florian Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
Insurance Costs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Care Costs

Abstract Objective First, to determine the number of accident-related complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) cases from 2008 to 2015 and to identify factors associated with an increased risk for developing CRPS. Second, to analyze the duration of work incapacity and direct health care costs over follow-up periods of two and five years, respectively. Design Retrospective data analysis. Setting Database from the Statistical Service for the Swiss National Accident Insurances covering all accidents insured under the compulsory Swiss Accident Insurance Law. Subjects Subjects were registered after an accident between 2008 and 2015. Methods Cases were retrospectively retrieved from the Statistical Service for the Swiss National Accident Insurances. Cases were identified using the appropriate International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes. Results CRPS accounted for 0.15% of all accident cases. Age, female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47–1.60), and fracture of the forearm (OR = 38, 95% CI = 35–42) were related to an increased risk of developing CRPS. Over five years, one CRPS case accumulated average insurance costs of $86,900 USD and treatment costs of $23,300 USD. Insurance costs were 19 times and treatment costs 13 times the average costs of accidents without CPRS. Within the first two years after the accident, the number of days lost at work was 20 times higher in patients with CRPS (330 ± 7 days) than in patients without CRPS (16.1 ± 0.1 days). Two-thirds of all CRPS cases developed long-term work incapacity of more than 90 days. Conclusion CRPS is a relatively rare condition but is associated with high direct health care costs and work incapacity.

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