scholarly journals The influence of axial myopia on optic disc characteristics of glaucoma eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Rezapour ◽  
Christopher Bowd ◽  
Jade Dohleman ◽  
Akram Belghith ◽  
James A. Proudfoot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
N 93 ◽  
Optic Discs ◽  
Axial Myopia

AbstractThis study characterizes differences in glaucomatous eyes with and without high axial myopia using custom automated analysis of OCT images. 452 eyes of 277 glaucoma patients were stratified into non (n = 145 eyes), mild (n = 214 eyes), and high axial myopia (axial length (AL) > 26 mm, n = 93 eyes). Optic disc ovality index, tilt and rotation angle of Bruch´s membrane opening (BMO) and peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) were calculated using automated and deep learning strategies. High myopic optic discs were more oval and had larger BMO tilt than mild and non-myopic discs (both p < 0.001). Mean PCT was thinnest in high myopic eyes followed by mild and non-myopic eyes (p < 0.001). BMO rotation angle, global retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and BMO-minimum rim width (MRW) were similar among groups. Temporal RNFL was thicker and supranasal BMO-MRW was thinner in high myopic eyes. BMO tilt and PCT showed moderate and temporal RNFL and nasal BMO-MRW showed weak but significant associations with AL in multivariable analyses (all p < 0.05). Large BMO tilt angle and thin PCT are characteristics of highly myopic discs and were not associated with severity of glaucoma. Caution should be exercised when using sectoral BMO-MRW and RNFL thickness for glaucoma management decisions in myopic eyes.

scholarly journals Analysis of Optic Disc and Vertical Cup Disc Ratio among Glaucoma Suspects in a Black Population

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
C. G. Nwokocha ◽  
C. S. Ejimadu
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Disc Diameter ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Clinic Medical ◽  
Optic Discs

Aim: To analyze the optic discs and vertical cup disc ratio in a black population. Method: This is a retrospective study of glaucoma suspects who presented to the clinic.                                                                                                                                                             Medical history was recorded and comprehensive ocular examination done on each of the subjects. Ocular examination included visual acuity, visual field, tonometry and ophthalmoscopy. Instruments used during the research were Pen torch for examination of the external structures of the eyes, Keeler ophthalmoscopes for fundus examination, Snellen’s charts both literate and illiterate charts for visual acuity assessment, Reichert AT 555 Auto non-contact tonometer for measurementof the intra-ocular pressure. The optic discs were analyzed using Optical Coherence Tomography machine. Data was analyzed using the statistical package EPI info version 6.04d, a software package designed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA in 2001. Results: This study included total of 240 optic discs of 120 participants comprising 60 males and 60 females were examined with a mean age of 42.8±13.79; the age range was 19 to 75 years.                                                                                             Very Small discs (<1.0mm) 3 accounted for1.3%, Small discs (1.0-1.3mm) 4 accounted for 1.7%, Medium (1.4-1.7mm) 67 accounted for 27.9%, Large (1.8-2.0mm) 58 accounted for 24.2% while Very Large (>2.0mm) 108 accounted for 45.0% in this study. VCDR was noticed to have increased with increasing disc diameter. Optic disc diameter increased with increasing RNFL thickness as well (p < 0.05; r = 0.18). All the very small as well as the small discs were cupped 3% (n = 7/240), 14.6% (n = 35/240) of the medium to very large are also cupped while the remaining 82.5% ( n = 198/240) are normal. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between disc diameter and VCDR. There was also a weak positive correlation between the optic disc diameter and the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of the subjects, such a correlation may be the result of either an increased number of nerve fibers in eyes with larger discs or a smaller distance between the circular scan and the true optic disc margin.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis between Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Peripapillary Vessel Density and Influencing Factors of Peripapillary Vessel Density in Preclinical Diabetic Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Donghui Li ◽  
Qichang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Density Reduction ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose. To observe the changes of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the optic disc vessel density (VD) in preclinical diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the relationship between RNFL changes and VD, as well as to investigate the influencing factors on peripapillary vessel density. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. Thirty-four eyes of 34 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients diagnosed with preclinical diabetic retinopathy (DR) were included in our study, with twenty-three eyes of 23 healthy subjects set up as normal controls. History of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was recorded in detail. All participants underwent color fundus photography (CFP), RNFL around the optic disc, and OCT angiography (OCTA) over the optic disc. The 4.5 mm × 4.5 mm Angio Disc scan mode was performed with all participants by using the OCTA instrument. The relationship between changes of RNFL in the four quadrants (superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal) and VD changes was analyzed. Results. Vessel density was significantly lower in the superior (t = −2.27) and temporal (t = −2.02) peripapillary sectors of diabetic eyes compared to normal eyes ( P < 0.05 ). The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) was significantly thinner in the temporal quadrant ( P < 0.001 ) of diabetic eyes compared to normal eyes. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant positive correlation between vessel density and RNFL thickness in the peripapillary region in the temporal (r = 0.468, P < 0.01 ) and superior (r = 0.612, P < 0.01 ) sectors. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (β = −1.50, P < 0.01 ) and the duration of diabetes (β = −0.33, P = 0.03 ) were associated with peripapillary vessel density. Conclusions. Preclinical DR presented optic disc microcirculation changes. Temporal RNFL thinning is an early sign of retinal neurodegeneration and is associated with temporal peripapillary vessel density reduction. The duration of diabetes and HbA1c are risk factors for peripapillary vessel density reduction in patients with preclinical DR.

scholarly journals Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850001
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Bueno-Gimeno ◽  
Enrique España-Gregori ◽  
Andres Gene-Sampedro ◽  
Juan Carlos Ondategui-Parra ◽  
Carlos J. Zapata-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Master System ◽  
Magnification Effect

Purpose: The aim of this paper was to examine the distribution of macular, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic disc parameters of myopic and hyperopic eyes in comparison with emmetropic control eyes and to investigate their variation according to axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) in healthy children. Methods: This study included 293 pairs of eyes of 293 children (145 boys and 148 girls), ranging in age from 6 to 17 years. Subjects were divided according to SE in control (emmetropia, 99 children), myopia (100 children) and hyperopia (94 children) groups and according to axial AL in 68 short ([Formula: see text]22.00[Formula: see text]mm, 68), medium (from [Formula: see text]22.00[Formula: see text]mm to 25.00[Formula: see text]mm, 189) and long eyes ([Formula: see text]25.00[Formula: see text]mm, 36). Macular parameters, RNFL thickness and optic disc morphology were assessed by the CirrusTM HD-OCT. AL was measured using the IOL-Master system. Littmann’s formula was used for calculating the corrected AL-related ocular magnification. Results: Mean age ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]SD) was 10.84[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]3.05 years; mean ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]SD) SE was [Formula: see text]0.14[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.51 D (range from [Formula: see text]8.75 to [Formula: see text]8.25 D) and mean AL ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]SD) was 23.12[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]1.49. Average RNFL thickness, average macular thickness and macular volume decreased as AL and myopia increased. No correlations between AL/SE and optic disc parameters were found after correcting for magnification effect. Conclusions: AL and refractive error affect measurements of macular and RNFL thickness in healthy children. To make a correct interpretation of OCT measurements, ocular magnification effect should be taken into account by clinicians or OCT manufacturers.

Comparison of Optic Disc Parameters in Hyperopic and Emmetropic Eyes of Healthy Children with HRT and OCT

2017 ◽  
Vol 235 (10) ◽  
pp. 1129-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Wenner ◽  
Vanessa Brauer ◽  
Kira Kunze ◽  
Volker Besgen ◽  
Claudia Kuhli-Hattenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Fundus Examination ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Normal Visual Acuity ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disc Area ◽  
Optic Disc Swelling

Abstract Purpose To investigate, through Heidelberg retina tomography II (HRT II) and RTVue-100 optical coherence tomography (OCT), normal parameters of the optic nerve head (ONH) in highly hyperopic children, and compare these with a group of children with low hyperopia and emmetropia, as fundus examination of highly hyperopic children often shows crowding of the optic disc, which may be difficult to distinguish from mild optic disc swelling. Patients and Methods ONH of the higher hyperopic eye was examined with HRT II and the peripapillary nerve fiber layer (RNFL) with RTVue-100, in 6 to 15-year-old full-term children with normal visual acuity and spherical equivalent ≥ + 3.0 D (hyperopic group) and < + 3.0 to − 1.0 D (emmetropic group). Results Thirty highly hyperopic children and 33 emmetropic controls had a mean spherical equivalent of + 5.1 ± 1.5 D and a mean age of 8.4 ± 2.8 years, and + 1.0 ± 1.2 D and 9.6 ± 2.6 years, respectively. There was no significant difference in OCT-assessed RNFL thickness between the two groups. Compared to the emmetropic group, following HRT parameters were significantly smaller in the hyperopic group: Disc area (1.41 vs. 1.68 mm2, p = 0.023), cup area (0.19 vs. 0.37 mm2, p = 0.0001), cup volume (0.03 vs. 0.08 mm3, p = 0.02), cup/disc area (0.13 vs. 0.20, p = 0.006), linear cup/disc (0.33 vs. 0.42, p = 0.004), and mean cup depth (0.13 vs. 0.17 mm, p = 0.019). Conclusion In children, ONH of highly hyperopic eyes are smaller than those of emmetropic eyes. RNFL thickness and neural rim volume are similar to emmetropic eyes. They can therefore appear more crowded.

scholarly journals Heidelberg retina tomography II parameters in evaluating high- and normal-pressure glaucoma progression

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
Dusica Risovic ◽  
Ranko Gvozdenovic ◽  
Ivan Marjanovic ◽  
Zihret Abazi ◽  
Miroslav Stamenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Glaucoma Progression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Pressure Glaucoma ◽  
Glaucoma Progression Analysis ◽  
Optic Discs

Background/Aim. Heidelberg retina tomography II (HRT II) haves been employed to quantitatively assess the topography of optic discs in eyes with high-pressure glaucoma (HPG) and normal-pressure glaucoma (NPG), in order to determine which of global and segmental optic disc parameters will prove to be most suitable for monitoring the progression of these two conditions. Methods. The results of 73 eyes of 73 patients with HPG and NPG were analyzed in relation to age, refractive error, quality of HRT images and stereometric parameters. Results. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the global baseline and follow-up results was found in: rim volume, maximum cup depth and cup shape measure (in the HPG group), and C/D ratio, cup volume, rim volume and cup shape measure (in the NPG group). The baseline and follow-up results of the retinal nerve fiber layer in the temporal and inferotemporal sectors show a significant difference in both groups. Conclusion. Several HRT stereometric parameters are useful for monitoring the progression of changes of the optic disc and local retina in eyes with HPG and NPG. Both segmental and global scanning is of importance in glaucoma progression analysis.

Subfoveal choroidal thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in young obese males

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212098289
Author(s):  
Ceylan Uslu Dogan ◽  
Damla Culha
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Temporal Quadrant

Objective: Regarding the effect of obesity on subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, controversial results have been reported in different patient groups. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity on these parameters among young male subjects in comparison with age-matched non-obese healthy males. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included both eyes of 50 obese young males and 50 healthy non-obese young males. The obese and the non-obese groups included subjects with a BMI of ⩾30 and ⩽25 kg/m², respectively. Subfoveal choroidal thickness and RNFL analyses were conducted by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Results: Subfoveal choroidal thickness (321.0 ± 46.7 vs 338.4±35.3, p = 0.002) and RNFL thickness at temporal quadrant (73.4 ± 9.9 vs 76.4 ± 9.3, p = 0.008) was significantly lower in the obese group when compared to the non-obese group. The groups did not differ regarding peripapillary RNFL thickness at other quadrants (superior, inferior, or nasal) or regarding mean peripapillary RNFL thickness. Conclusion: Findings of this study demonstrated a negative correlation of obesity with subfoveal choroidal thickness and temporal quadrant peripapillary RNFL thickness. Larger studies on different patient groups with longer-term follow-up are warranted to better elucidate the ophthalmological effects of obesity.

scholarly journals Trends in the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Changes with Different Degrees of Visual Field Defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wenhui Geng ◽  
Dabo Wang ◽  
Jing Han
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Simple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Rnfl Thickness

Purpose. To explore the disease progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in individuals with different degrees of VF defects by analyzing the trends in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) changes at each stage. Methods. A total of 39 patients (77 eyes) were divided into three groups based on the severity of glaucomatous visual field (VF) loss: the first group included patients with mild baseline VF defects (mild group; n = 21 eyes). The second group included patients with moderate VF defects (moderate group; n = 18 eyes). The third group included patients with severe baseline VF defects (severe group; n = 38 eyes). For all patients, slit-lamp biomicroscopy of the anterior and posterior segments and detailed fundus and optic disc inspections were performed, the intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by Goldman tonometry, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured, the RNFL thickness was measured by OCT, and the VF was assessed by the Octopus perimeter. All the groups were followed up postoperatively for 18 months. Results. The mean RNFL thickness was recorded for all the visits. Using simple linear regression analysis, we found that the R2 values of the three groups were 0.988, 0.982, and 0.814, respectively, and the slopes of mean RNFL thickness changes for mild, moderate, and severe baseline VF defects were −0.088, −0.082, and −0.015, respectively. Moreover, we used simple linear regression analysis to explore whether and how the speed of RNFL thinning differs across groups. The R2 values of the three groups were 0.982, 0.978, and 0.805, respectively, and the slopes for mild, moderate, and severe baseline VF defects were 0.089, 0.085, and 0.017, respectively. Conclusion. The rate of RNFL thinning is linear; RNFL thinning is the fastest in individuals with mild baseline VF defects, followed by those with moderate baseline VF defects. In individuals with severe VF defects, changes in the RNFL thickness do not appropriately reflect the progression of the disease. The clinical trial is registered with ChiCTR2000028975.

scholarly journals Ganglion cell complex scan in the early prediction of glaucoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-241
Author(s):  
S Ganekal
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Cell Complex ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Automated Perimetry ◽  
Standard Automated Perimetry ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To compare the macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) with peripapillary retinal fiber layer (RNFL) thickness map in glaucoma suspects and patients. Subjects and methods: Forty participants (20 glaucoma suspects and 20 glaucoma patients) were enrolled. Macular GCC and RNFL thickness maps were performed in both eyes of each participant in the same visit. The sensitivity and specificity of a color code less than 5% (red or yellow) for glaucoma diagnosis were calculated. Standard Automated Perimetry was performed with the Octopus 3.1.1 Dynamic 24-2 program. Statistics: The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 10.1 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, EUA). Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and a p value of 0.05 or less was considered significant. Results: Provide absolute numbers of these findings with their units of measurement. There was a statistically significant difference in average RNFL thickness (p=0.004), superior RNFL thickness (p=0.006), inferior RNFL thickness (p=0.0005) and average GCC (p=0.03) between the suspects and glaucoma patients. There was no difference in optic disc area (p=0.35) and vertical cup/disc ratio (p=0.234) in both groups. While 38% eyes had an abnormal GCC and 13% had an abnormal RNFL thickness in the glaucoma suspect group, 98% had an abnormal GCC and 90% had an abnormal RNFL thickness in the glaucoma group.Conclusion: The ability to diagnose glaucoma with macular GCC thickness is comparable to that with peripapillary RNFL thickness. Macular GCC thickness measurements may be a good alternative or a complementary measurement to RNFL thickness assessment in the clinical evaluation of glaucoma.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v4i2.6538 Nepal J Ophthalmol 2012; 4 (2): 236-241 

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