scholarly journals Chill coma onset and recovery fail to reveal true variation in thermal performance among populations of Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah E. Davis ◽  
Alexandra Cheslock ◽  
Heath A. MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Onset Temperature ◽  
Chill Coma ◽  
Population Pair ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Insect Populations

AbstractSpecies from colder climates tend to be more chill tolerant regardless of the chill tolerance trait measured, but for Drosophila melanogaster, population-level differences in chill tolerance among populations are not always found when a single trait is measured in the laboratory. We measured chill coma onset temperature, chill coma recovery time, and survival after chronic cold exposure in replicate lines derived from multiple paired African and European D. melanogaster populations. The populations in our study were previously found to differ in chronic cold survival ability, which is believed to have evolved independently in each population pair; however, they did not differ in chill coma onset temperature and chill coma recovery time in a manner that reflected their geographic origins, even though these traits are known to vary with origin latitude among Drosophila species and are among the most common metrics of thermal tolerance in insects. While it is common practice to measure only one chill tolerance trait when comparing chill tolerance among insect populations, our results emphasise the importance of measuring more than one thermal tolerance trait to minimize the risk of missing real adaptive variation in insect thermal tolerance.

scholarly journals Chill coma onset and recovery fail to reveal true variation in thermal performance among populations of Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah E. Davis ◽  
Alexandra Cheslock ◽  
Heath A. MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Onset Temperature ◽  
List Type ◽  
Chill Coma ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Insect Populations

AbstractSpecies from colder climates tend to be more chill tolerant regardless of the chill tolerance trait measured, but for Drosophila melanogaster, population-level differences in chill tolerance among populations are not always found when a single trait is measured in the laboratory.We measured chill coma onset temperature, chill coma recovery time, and survival after chronic cold exposure in replicate lines derived from multiple paired African and European D. melanogaster populations. The populations in our study were previously found to differ in chronic cold survival ability, which is believed to have evolved independently in each population pair.To our surprise, the populations did not differ in chill coma onset temperature and chill coma recovery time in a manner that reflected their geographic origins, even though these traits are known to vary with origin latitude among Drosophila species and among the most common metrics of thermal tolerance in insects. The populations did, however, still differ in their ability to survive chronic cold exposure.While it is common practice to measure only one chill tolerance trait when comparing chill tolerance among insect populations, our results emphasise the importance of measuring more than one thermal tolerance trait to minimize the risk of missing real adaptive variation in insect thermal tolerance.

scholarly journals Response to selection for rapid chill-coma recovery in Drosophila melanogaster: physiology and life-history traits

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALISHA R. ANDERSON ◽  
ARY A. HOFFMANN ◽  
STEPHEN W. McKECHNIE
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Thermal Limits ◽  
Chill Coma

Resistance to low temperatures can vary markedly among invertebrate species and is directly related to their distribution. Despite the ecological importance of cold resistance this trait has rarely been studied genetically, mainly because low and variable fitness of offspring from cold-stressed mothers makes it difficult to undertake selection experiments and compare cold resistance of parents and offspring. One measure of cold resistance that varies geographically in Drosophila melanogaster and that is amenable to genetic analysis is chill-coma recovery. Three replicate lines of D. melanogaster were selected every second generation, for over 30 generations, for decreased recovery time following exposure to 0 °C. Correlated responses were scored to characterize underlying physiological traits and to investigate interactions with other traits. Lines responded rapidly to the intermittent selection regime with realized heritabilities varying from 33% to 46%. Selected lines showed decreased recovery time after exposure to a broad range of low temperatures and also had a lower mortality following a more severe cold shock, indicating that a general mechanism underlying cold resistance had been selected. The selection response was independent of plastic changes in cold resistance because the selected lines maintained their ability to harden (i.e. a short-term exposure to cool temperature resulted in decreased recovery time in subsequent chill-coma assays). Changes in cold resistance were not associated with changes in resistance to high temperature exposure, and selected lines showed no changes in wing size, development time or viability. However, there was a decrease in longevity in the selected lines due to an earlier onset of ageing. These results indicate that chill-coma recovery can be rapidly altered by selection, as long as selection is undertaken every second generation to avoid carry-over effects, and suggest that lower thermal limits can be shifted towards increased cold resistance independently of upper thermal limits and without tradeoffs in many life-history traits.

scholarly journals An attempt to select non-genetic variation in resistance to starvation and reduced chill coma recovery time in Drosophila melanogaster

2018 ◽  
Vol 221 (23) ◽  
pp. jeb186254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca F. Menezes ◽  
Judit Salces-Ortiz ◽  
Heloïse Muller ◽  
Nelly Burlet ◽  
Sonia Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Chill Coma

Induction of cold-tolerance in Galleria larvae by Farnesyl methyl ether

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
Ajai Mansingh
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Locomotory Activity ◽  
Wax Moth

After 3 weeks of chilling at 4 °C, last-instar larvae of the wax moth G. mellonella required about 40 min at 25 °C to regain posture and locomotory activity; 65% of the larvae died subsequently. Topical application of 2 μl FME significantly reduced the "recovery time" and enabled 75% of the treated larvae to survive the cold exposure.

scholarly journals Phenotypic coupling of sleep and starvation resistance evolves in D. melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem P. Sarikaya ◽  
Julie Cridland ◽  
Adam Tarakji ◽  
Hayley Sheehy ◽  
Sophia Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Starvation Resistance ◽  
Plastic Response ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Function Of Sleep

Abstract Background One hypothesis for the function of sleep is that it serves as a mechanism to conserve energy. Recent studies have suggested that increased sleep can be an adaptive mechanism to improve survival under food deprivation in Drosophila melanogaster. To test the generality of this hypothesis, we compared sleep and its plastic response to starvation in a temperate and tropical population of Drosophila melanogaster. Results We found that flies from the temperate population were more starvation resistant, and hypothesized that they would engage in behaviors that are considered to conserve energy, including increased sleep and reduced movement. Surprisingly, temperate flies slept less and moved more when they were awake compared to tropical flies, both under fed and starved conditions, therefore sleep did not correlate with population-level differences in starvation resistance. In contrast, total sleep and percent change in sleep when starved were strongly positively correlated with starvation resistance within the tropical population, but not within the temperate population. Thus, we observe unexpectedly complex relationships between starvation and sleep that vary both within and across populations. These observations falsify the simple hypothesis of a straightforward relationship between sleep and energy conservation. We also tested the hypothesis that starvation is correlated with metabolic phenotypes by investigating stored lipid and carbohydrate levels, and found that stored metabolites partially contributed towards variation starvation resistance. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that the function of sleep under starvation can rapidly evolve on short timescales and raise new questions about the physiological correlates of sleep and the extent to which variation in sleep is shaped by natural selection.

scholarly journals Thermal tolerance trade-offs associated with the right arm of chromosome 3 and marked by the hsr-omega gene in Drosophila melanogaster

Heredity ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Anderson ◽  
J E Collinge ◽  
A A Hoffmann ◽  
M Kellett ◽  
S W McKechnie
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals An impressive capacity for cold tolerance plasticity protects against ionoregulatory collapse in the disease vector, Aedes aegypti

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Jass ◽  
Gil Y. Yerushalmi ◽  
Hannah E. Davis ◽  
Andrew Donini ◽  
Heath A. MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Chill Coma ◽  
Insect Biogeography ◽  
Do So

AbstractThe mosquito Aedes aegypti is largely confined to tropical and subtropical regions but its range has recently been spreading to colder climates. As insect biogeography is closely tied to environmental temperature, understanding the limits of Ae. aegypti thermal tolerance and their capacity for phenotypic plasticity is important in predicting the spread of this species.In this study we report on the chill coma onset and recovery, as well as low temperature survival phenotypes of larvae and adults of Aedes aegypti that developed or were acclimated to 15°C (cold) or 25°C (warm).Developmental cold acclimation did not affect chill coma onset of larvae but substantially reduced chill coma onset temperatures in adults. Chill coma recovery time was affected by both temperature and the duration of exposure, and developmental and adult acclimation both strongly mitigated these effects and increased rates of survival following prolonged chilling.Female adults were far less likely to take a blood meal when cold acclimated and simply exposing females to blood (without feeding) attenuated some of the beneficial effects of cold acclimation on chill coma recovery time.Lastly, larvae suffered from hemolymph hyperkalemia when chilled, but development in the cold attenuated the imbalance, which suggests that acclimation can prevent cold-induced ionoregulatory collapse in this species.Our results demonstrate that Aedes aegypti larvae and adults have the capacity to acclimate to cold temperatures and do so at least in part by better maintaining ion balance in the cold. This ability for cold acclimation may facilitate the spread of this species to higher latitudes, particularly in an era of climate change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document