scholarly journals Outer retina dysfunction and choriocapillaris impairment in type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Parravano ◽  
L. Ziccardi ◽  
E. Borrelli ◽  
E. Costanzo ◽  
S. Frontoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Functionally Impaired ◽  
Perfusion Density ◽  
Mferg Response

AbstractTo study the outer retina morpho-functional characteristics and the choriocapillaris (CC) features in type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients, with and without signs of diabetic retinopathy (NPDR and NoDR). Twenty-five NPDR and 18 NoDR eyes were imaged by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Ellipsoid zone (EZ) “normalized” reflectivity and CC perfusion density parameters, as flow deficits number (FDn), flow deficit average area (FDa) and flow deficit percentage (FD%), were analysed. Multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) response amplitude densities (RADs) were measured. Mean EZ “normalized” reflectivity, CC FDn and FD% values, were similar (p > 0.05) in both groups, FDa was significant greater (p > 0.05) in NPDR compared with NoDR eyes. MfERG-RADs were similar in both groups. NPDR eyes showed a significant (p < 0.05) linear correlation between RADs and both, CC FDa and FD%. The EZ “normalized” reflectivity was negatively correlated with CC FD% in NoDR eyes. In NPDR T1D eyes a significant relationship between abnormal outer retina functional responses and CC impairment was observed, while in NoDR eyes the photoreceptor reflectivity was correlated to CC abnormalities. The outer retina dysfunction in NPDR correlated to CC drop-out let hypothesize that the outer retinal elements are functionally impaired in proportion to the CC vascular supply deficit.

scholarly journals Choroidal microvasculature dropout is spatially associated with optic nerve head microvasculature loss in open-angle glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kyung Song ◽  
Joong Won Shin ◽  
Jin Yeong Lee ◽  
Ji Wook Hong ◽  
Michael S. Kook
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Angular Extent ◽  
Choroidal Vessels

AbstractThe presence of parapapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout (CMvD) may affect optic nerve head (ONH) perfusion in glaucoma patients, since parapapillary choroidal vessels provide vascular supply to the neighboring ONH. However, it remains to be determined whether the presence of parapapillary CMvD is associated with diminished perfusion in the nearby ONH. The present study investigated the spatial relationship between CMvD and ONH vessel density (ONH-VD) loss in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). This study included 48 OAG eyes with a single localized CMvD confined to the inferotemporal parapapillary sector and 48 OAG eyes without CMvD, matched for demographic and ocular characteristics. Global and regional ONH-VD values were compared between eyes with and without CMvD. The relationships between ONH-VD outcomes and clinical variables were assessed. ONH-VDs at the inferotemporal ONH sectors corresponding to the CMvD location were significantly lower in eyes with compared to those without CMvD. Multivariable linear regression analyses indicated that a lower inferotemporal ONH-VD was independently associated with CMvD presence and a greater CMvD angular extent (both P < 0.05). The localized presence of parapapillary CMvD in OAG eyes is significantly associated with ONH-VD loss in the neighboring ONH location, with a spatial correlation.

scholarly journals Inter-relationship between retinal and choroidal vasculatures using optical coherence tomography angiography in normal eyes

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeryung Oh ◽  
Daniel Jinhag Baik ◽  
Jaemoon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Central Macular Thickness ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Purpose: To quantify vascular and structural macular variables in healthy eyes and to investigate correlations between these variables and age using optical coherence tomography angiography. Materials and methods: A total of 261 eyes of 261 subjects with normal fundus were included. Central macular thickness, ganglion cell layer to inner plexiform layer thickness, outer retina layer thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and choroidal vascularity index were measured using optical coherence tomography. Foveal avascular zone area, vascular density, and flow void area were measured using optical coherence tomography angiography. Results: Vascular density in the superficial capillary plexus was correlated with central macular thickness, ganglion cell layer to inner plexiform layer thickness, and outer retina layer thickness ( P < 0.001, P = 0.004, and P < 0.001, respectively). Vascular density in the deep capillary plexus was correlated with central macular thickness and outer retina layer thickness ( P = 0.003 and P = 0.001, respectively). Vascular density of choriocapillaris was correlated with vascular density of superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Vascular density of choriocapillaris varies with retinal vascular density rather than the structure of choroid using optical coherence tomography angiography. In contrast, retinal vascular density changes as the retinal structure. Our results provide more information about the relationship between retina and choroid.

scholarly journals Volume rendered 3D OCTA assessment of macular ischemia in patients with type 1 diabetes and without diabetic retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Borrelli ◽  
Domenico Grosso ◽  
Mariacristina Parravano ◽  
Eliana Costanzo ◽  
Maria Brambati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Volume ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Perfusion Density

AbstractThe aim of this study was to measure macular perfusion in patients with type 1 diabetes and no signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using volume rendered three-dimensional (3D) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We collected data from 35 patients with diabetes and no DR who had OCTA obtained. An additional control group of 35 eyes from 35 healthy subjects was included for comparison. OCTA volume data were processed with a previously presented algorithm in order to obtain the 3D vascular volume and 3D perfusion density. In order to weigh the contribution of different plexuses’ impairment to volume rendered vascular perfusion, OCTA en face images were binarized in order to obtain two-dimensional (2D) perfusion density metrics. Mean ± SD age was 27.2 ± 10.2 years [range 19–64 years] in the diabetic group and 31.0 ± 11.4 years [range 19–61 years] in the control group (p = 0.145). The 3D vascular volume was 0.27 ± 0.05 mm3 in the diabetic group and 0.29 ± 0.04 mm3 in the control group (p = 0.020). The 3D perfusion density was 9.3 ± 1.6% and 10.3 ± 1.6% in diabetic patients and controls, respectively (p = 0.005). Using a 2D visualization, the perfusion density was lower in diabetic patients, but only at the deep vascular complex (DVC) level (38.9 ± 3.7% in diabetes and 41.0 ± 3.1% in controls, p = 0.001), while no differences were detected at the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) level (34.4 ± 3.1% and 34.3 ± 3.8% in the diabetic and healthy subjects, respectively, p = 0.899). In conclusion, eyes without signs of DR of patients with diabetes have a reduced volume rendered macular perfusion compared to control healthy eyes.

scholarly journals Artifact Removed Quantitative Analysis Of Choriocapillaris Flow Voids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giray Ersoz ◽  
Mumin Hocaoglu ◽  
Isil Sayman Muslubas ◽  
Serra Arf ◽  
Erdost Yildiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
En Face Oct ◽  
En Face ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Vitreous Opacities ◽  
Superficial Capillary Plexus

Abstract Purpose: To investigate choriocapillaris flow voids (FV) with a new optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) image processing strategy to exclude artifacts due to vitreous opacities, subretinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) fluid and deposits, and subretinal fluid (SRF) by thresholding the en-face OCT image of the outer retina.Methods: This retrospective study included 15 eyes with drusen and 15 eyes with SRF. Number (FVn), average area (FVav), and maximum area (FVmax) of FV and the percentage of the nonperfused choriocapillaris area (PNPCA) obtained using the proposed strategy were compared with those obtained by removing only artifacts due to superficial capillary plexus (SCP).Results: There were three eyes with autosomal dominant drusen and 12 eyes with drusen secondary to non-exudative AMD in the drusen group. SRF group included 15 eyes with active central serous chorioretinopathy. PNPCA, FVav, FVmax, and FVn obtained using the algorithm were significantly lower than those obtained by removing only SCP in both groups (all p< 0.05). The algorithm was able to remove 94.7% of artifacts secondary to vitreous opacities and all artifacts secondary to serous pigment epithelial detachments. Conclusion: Nonperfusion areas of choriocapillaris may be overestimated in eyes with RPE abnormalities and SRF. These areas can be removed using thresholded images of the outer retina en-face OCT scans.

Use of ultra-wide field retinal imaging and optical coherence tomography angiography in the diagnosis of incomplete Susac syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212096548
Author(s):  
Carmen Alba-Linero ◽  
John Paul Liscombe-Sepúlveda ◽  
Victor Llorenç ◽  
Joan GiraltJosa ◽  
Alfredo Adán
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Acute Attack ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
En Face Oct

Purpose: To describe clinical findings through ultra-wide field (UWF) images and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), in Susac’s syndrome (SS). Methods: SS patients were retrospectively analyzed in a single center. Clinical features, ultra-wide-field retinographies (UWF-PR), UWF fluorescein angiographies (UWF-FA), and optical coherence tomography angiography & en face (OCT-A/EF) were reviewed. Results: Twelve eyes from six patients with a mean follow-up of 35.66 months ± SD 36.88 were included. UWF-PR showed areas of retinal whitening and cotton-wool spots in all the eyes after acute attack. Segmentary mid peripheral arteriolitis could be observed in five eyes by UWF-FA in acute and convalescent stages. OCT-A revealed capillary density changes in all of the affected eyes. During the acute phase there was a well-preserved superficial capillary network, while deep retinal plexus showed a lower density in the affected areas. OCT-A/EF revealed deep retinal plexus drop-out and surrounding edematous retina in acute attacks, becoming atrophic over time. Conversely, superficial plexus was much less affected. Perifoveal reperfusion was seen in seven eyes after the acute attack. Conclusions: UWF-PR/FA and OCT-A/EF might be helpful to stablish an early diagnosis and to monitor SS progression.

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