scholarly journals Successful artificial reefs depend on getting the context right due to complex socio-bio-economic interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothée Brochier ◽  
Patrice Brehmer ◽  
Adama Mbaye ◽  
Mamadou Diop ◽  
Naohiko Watanuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Coastal Fisheries ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Economic Interactions ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study

AbstractArtificial reefs (ARs) are one of the most popular means of supporting marine ecosystem conservation and coastal fisheries, particularly in developing countries. However, ARs generate complex socio-bio-economic interactions that require careful evaluation. This is particularly the case for ARs outside no-take zones, where fish might be subject to enhanced exploitation due to easier catchability. Here, we conducted an interdisciplinary study on how ARs impact fish and fishing yields, combining mathematical and sociological approaches. Both approaches converge to confirm that fishery yields decline when ARs are exploited as if they were open access areas. This situation typically occurs in areas with weak governance and/or high levels of illegal fishing activity, both of which are common in many developing countries. To avoid these adverse effects and their associated ecological consequences, we recommend prioritizing the onset of a long-term surveillance system against illegal fishing activities, and adapting design and location of the ARs based on both and local and academic knowledge, before the deployment of ARs.

scholarly journals Artificial reefs: a double-edged fishery management tool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothée Brochier ◽  
Patrice Brehmer ◽  
Adama Mbaye ◽  
Mamadou Diop ◽  
Naohiko Watanuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Coastal Fisheries ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study

Abstract Artificial reefs (ARs) are one of the most popular means of supporting marine ecosystem conservation and coastal fisheries, particularly in developing countries. However, ARs generate complex socio-bio-economic interactions that require careful evaluation. This is particularly the case for ARs outside no-take zones, where fish might be subject to enhanced exploitation due to easier catchability Here, we conducted an interdisciplinary study on how ARs impact fish and fishing yields, combining mathematical and sociological approaches. Both approaches confirmed that fishery yields declined when ARs were exploited as if they were open access areas. This situation typically occurs in areas with weak governance, which is common in developing countries. To avoid these adverse effects we recommend to prioritize the onset of a long-term surveillance system against illegal fishing activities, and to adapt design and location of the ARs based on both and local and academic knowledge, before the deployment of ARs.

scholarly journals Sustainability of the Artisanal Fishery in Northern Chile: A Case Study of Caleta Pisagua

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7290
Author(s):  
Carola Espinoza ◽  
Víctor A. Gallardo ◽  
Carlos Merino ◽  
Pedro Pizarro ◽  
Kwang-Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Humboldt Current ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Coastal Fisheries ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Benthic Resources

The Humboldt Current, one of the most productive waters in the world, flows along the Chilean coast with high primary production level. However, living marine resources in these waters are declining due to overexploitation and other anthropogenic and environmental factors. It has been reported that deploying artificial reefs in coastal waters can improve the production of benthic resources. To ensure the sustainability of coastal fisheries in northern Chile this study aims to investigate fishermen’s perceptions on deploying artificial reefs and propose future management measures using Caleta Pisagua as a case study. Interviews of artisanal fishermen regarding four aspects: fishermen profile, fishing activity, resources, and artificial reefs were conducted. Results showed that most fishermen favored the implementation of artificial reefs within the Areas of Management and Exploitation of Benthic Resources (AMERBs). In addition, deploying artificial reefs appears to be socio-economically necessary for the artisanal fishermen whose livelihood is being affected by the overexploitation of coastal fish and because hard substrates essential for benthic resources are in short supply within this administration area. It is recommended that criteria for the deployment of artificial reefs as well as specific management plans for main and secondary species should be developed.

scholarly journals Impacts of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing on Developing Countries: The Case of Somalia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Abdimalik Jama Omar ◽  
Ayub Abdirahman Mohamed ◽  
Sulaiman Abullahi Bambale
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Major Obstacle ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Sustainable Fisheries ◽  
Data Collection Methods ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Iuu Fishing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Collection Methods

Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing is recognized as global phenomenon and also a major obstacle to achieved sustainable fisheries. The consequences of IUU fishing cost up to $23 billion a year. Developing countries are excessively influenced by this illegal business, to a limited extent because of an absence of monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) capacity within their sovereign jurisdiction. It represents a remarkable loss of revenue, where dependence on fisheries for food, livelihoods and revenue is high. Somalia, having the longest coastline in Africa is badly affected by this IUU. Hence, this research analyses the impacts of IUU fishing to Somalia. It examines the root causes of the problem and how it has affected the whole nation and its people, as well as and how the government and regional administrations are putting efforts on fighting against it. This research discusses the baseline against which successful action to combat illegal fishing can be judged. Document study and interview are the main data collection methods in this research.

Perforated trapezoidal artificial reefs can augment the benefits of restoration of an island and its marine ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jayanthi ◽  
J. K. Patterson Edward ◽  
H Malleshappa ◽  
N Gladwin Gnana Asir ◽  
G Mathews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Artificial Reefs

scholarly journals POTENTIAL FISH GROUND BREEDING AREA BASED ON LOCALIZED CRITERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W16 ◽  
pp. 719-728
Author(s):  
N. A. A. Zamzuri ◽  
M. I. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Breeding Area ◽  
Weighted Analysis ◽  
Potential Area

Abstract. Fish are the part of marine ecosystem and play an important role as contributors of nutrients and dependent on the ecosystem which is affected by the parameters to provide the right conditions for reproduction. Artificial reefs were being applied as an approach to sustain food security. Food security is a major concern for all countries in the face of population increase and diminishing water supplies including in the fisheries sector. Hence, artificial reefs become one of the methods to improve the preservation of fish supplies. Suitable environment for fish ground breeding area need to be identified in order to place the artificial reef. Therefore, this study is proposed to locate the potential fish ground breeding area in Terengganu, Malaysia based on localized criteria which is suitable to place the artificial reefs by examining the parameters in the area. Parameters that have been studied were water temperature, water salinity, water acidity, chlorophyll concentration and dissolve oxygen. Those parameters have their own criteria that represent the suitability for fish population. Localized data have been applied in order to analyse and support localized criteria for this study area. To locate the potential fish ground breeding area, Geographic Information System (GIS), Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), Spatial Interpolation and Weighted Analysis have been applied. For MCDA, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used to get the weightage of the parameters by running Pairwise Comparisons between the selected parameters using AHP software, Expert Choice. Then, those parameters weightage were applied in weighted analysis to identify the potential ground breeding area. At the end of this study, final map showing the location for fish ground breeding area. The final output resulted potential location for fish ground breeding area in four classes which are very high, high, medium and low potential area. This study may facilitate the decision makers to place the artificial reefs in potential area to increase fish population.

scholarly journals Shining Light on Data-Poor Coastal Fisheries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen M. Exeter ◽  
Thaung Htut ◽  
Christopher R. Kerry ◽  
Maung Maung Kyi ◽  
Me'ira Mizrahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Coastal Fisheries ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Biomass Removal

Coastal fisheries provide livelihoods and sustenance for millions of people globally but are often poorly documented. Data scarcity, particularly relating to spatio-temporal trends in catch and effort, compounds wider issues of governance capacity. This can hinder the implementation and effectiveness of spatial tools for fisheries management or conservation. This issue is acute in developing and low-income regions with many small-scale inshore fisheries and high marine biodiversity, such as Southeast Asia. As a result, fleets often operate unmonitored with implications for target and non-target species populations and the wider marine ecosystem. Novel and cost-effective approaches to obtain fisheries data are required to monitor these activities and help inform sustainable fishery and marine ecosystem management. One such example is the detection and numeration of fishing vessels that use artificial light to attract catch with nighttime satellite imagery. Here we test the efficiency and application value of nighttime satellite imagery, in combination with landings data and GPS tracked vessels, to estimate the footprint and biomass removal of an inshore purse seine fishery operating within a region of high biodiversity in Myanmar. By quantifying the number of remotely sensed vessel detections per month, adjusted for error by the GPS tracked vessels, we can extrapolate data from fisher logbooks to provide fine-scale spatiotemporal estimates of the fishery's effort, value and biomass removal. Estimates reveal local landings of nearly 9,000 mt worth close to $4 million USD annually. This approach details how remote sensed and in situ collected data can be applied to other fleets using artificial light to attract catch, notably inshore fisheries of Southeast Asia, whilst also providing a much-needed baseline understanding of a data-poor fishery's spatiotemporal activity, biomass removal, catch composition and landing of vulnerable species.

Adoption of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) for Librarians' Professional Development in Africa

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-65
Author(s):  
Michael O. Fagbohun ◽  
Chrisopher Nkiko ◽  
Basiru Adetomiwa ◽  
Aderonke O. Asaolu ◽  
Nwanne M. Nwokeoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Massive Open Online Courses ◽  
Massive Open Online ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Academic Knowledge

Librarian development is the process of constantly strengthening professional attainment, broadening academic knowledge, and enhancing skills. This chapter explores how Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), can be used as continuing professional development of a librarian. This chapter narrates how MOOCs may offer a librarian an opportunity to upgrade their skills or further their education. It explains the benefits and challenges of the adoption of MOOCs for continuing professional development in developing countries and how this can be applied in developing economies. The major benefits of MOOCs to librarians are to help in professional and personal learning, but most librarians who wish to experience progressive career-development are yet to ascertain this fact. The chapter concludes that librarians have the opportunity to leverage this technology to improve their relevant professional skills in the 21st century. It is also established that the adoption and use of MOOCs among professional librarians in Africa is low as in advanced countries.

Adoption of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) for Librarians' Professional Development in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-128
Author(s):  
Michael O. Fagbohun ◽  
Chrisopher Nkiko ◽  
Basiru Adetomiwa ◽  
Aderonke O. Asaolu ◽  
Nwanne M. Nwokeoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Massive Open Online Courses ◽  
Massive Open Online ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Academic Knowledge

Librarian development is the process of constantly strengthening professional attainment, broadening academic knowledge, and enhancing skills. This chapter explores how Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), can be used as continuing professional development of a librarian. This chapter narrates how MOOCs may offer a librarian an opportunity to upgrade their skills or further their education. It explains the benefits and challenges of the adoption of MOOCs for continuing professional development in developing countries and how this can be applied in developing economies. The major benefits of MOOCs to librarians are to help in professional and personal learning, but most librarians who wish to experience progressive career-development are yet to ascertain this fact. The chapter concludes that librarians have the opportunity to leverage this technology to improve their relevant professional skills in the 21st century. It is also established that the adoption and use of MOOCs among professional librarians in Africa is low as in advanced countries.

The intelligent technology of smart fishing using a heterogeneous ensemble of unmanned vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Sherstjuk V.G. ◽  
◽  
Zharikova M.V. ◽  
Sokol I.V. ◽  
Levkivskyi R.M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Coordination Problem ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coordination Framework ◽  
Intelligent Technology ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Heterogeneous Ensemble

The paper addresses the use of heterogeneous ensembles of intelligent unmanned vehicles in such a perspective field of innovations as an unmanned fishery. The issues of joint activity of unmanned vehicles of different types in fishing operations based on intelligent technologies are investigated. The “smart fishing” approach based on the joint fishing operation model is proposed. The operational framework that includes missions, roles, and activity scenarios embedded in the discretized spatial model is presented. The scenario activities are considered as the sequences of pentad that determine executing specific functions concerning the specified waypoint, timepoints, and the states of vehicles. The definition of the plan as the scenario prototype that needs adjusting to the conditions of the situational context is proposed. The coordination problem regarding the joint activities of the unmanned vehicles and their scenarios is defined and the coordination framework based on the distributed common board model and coordination primitives is presented. The prototype of the intelligent scenario-based system including the implementation of both operational and coordination frameworks developed for the control of unmanned vehicles is described. This system makes unmanned vehicles capable to absorb all the latest advances in intelligent technologies to perform smart fishing operations jointly in a large heterogeneous group. The proposed approach to smart fishing using intelligent technologies makes it possible to detach fishermen from the fishing activities dangerous to their life and health, to reduce significantly poaching and illegal fishing, to increase the overall efficiency of fishing operations, and even to save the marine ecosystem.

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