scholarly journals Aortic intimal resident macrophages are essential for maintenance of the non-thrombogenic intravascular state

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Gloria E. Hernandez ◽  
Feiyang Ma ◽  
Guadalupe Martinez ◽  
Nadia B. Firozabadi ◽  
Jocelynda Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Cell Renewal ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Direct Cell ◽  
Patent Ductus ◽  
Tunica Intima

AbstractLeukocytes and endothelial cells frequently cooperate to resolve inflammatory events. In most cases, these interactions are transient in nature and triggered by immunological insults. Here, we report that, in areas of disturbed blood flow, aortic endothelial cells permanently and intimately associate with a population of specialized macrophages. These macrophages are recruited at birth from the closing ductus arteriosus and share the luminal surface with the endothelium, becoming interwoven in the tunica intima. Anatomical changes that affect hemodynamics, such as in patent ductus arteriosus, alter macrophage seeding to coincide with regions of disturbed flow. Aortic resident macrophages expand in situ via direct cell renewal. Induced depletion of intimal macrophages leads to thrombin-mediated endothelial cell contraction, progressive fibrin accumulation and formation of microthrombi that, once dislodged, cause blockade of vessels in several organs. Together the findings reveal that intravascular resident macrophages are essential to regulate thrombin activity and clear fibrin deposits in regions of disturbed blood flow.

Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity During Occlusive Manipulation of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Children

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosendo A Rodriguez ◽  
Garry Cornel ◽  
Martin C Hosking ◽  
Nihal Weerasena ◽  
William M Splinter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Patent Ductus

PROBLEM OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN INFANTS WITH LARGE HEARTS AND INCREASED BLOOD FLOW TO THE LUNGS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
CHARLOTTE FERENCZ ◽  
ARNOLD L. JOHNSON ◽  
ALTON GOLDBLOOM
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Increased Blood Flow ◽  
Patent Ductus

This paper deals with the differential diagnosis of the cardiac lesion in infants who have enlargement of the heart associated with increased blood flow to the lungs, and in whom cyanosis is not a prominent feature. Some patients in this group have a patent ductus arteriosus in the absence of a typical continuous murmur, and these infants may urgently require the benefits of surgical therapy. Since the diagnosis can be established by aortography or heart catheterization, some criteria are required for the better selection of infants from this group in whom these investigations should be performed. Twenty-five infants form the subject of this study. In 19 the diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy. Eight patients had a patent ductus, either as an isolated lesion or in association with other defects; 10 had ventricular septal defects with or without overriding of the aorta; 5 had anomalous pulmonary vein drainage; one had an ostium atrioventricular communis and in one there was a functional single ventricle. Clinical, electrocardiographic and radiologic findings were analyzed. Important features which appear to favour the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus are full or collapsing pulses and a normal ECG or one showing evidence of combined ventricular hypertrophy. Suggestive, but of lesser importance, is the finding of an apical diastolic rumble and enlargement of the left atrium. All these findings may, however, be present in patients with other malformations, especially defects involving the ventricular septum. Evidence of marked hypertrophy of the right atrium and right ventricle by electrocardiography and fluoroscopy renders the presence of patent ductus unlikely and is consistent with the diagnosis of anomalous drainage of pulmonary veins.

In Reply: Cerebral Blood Flow

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1014
Author(s):  
RAUL BEJAR
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Regional Blood Flows ◽  
Left Ventricular Output ◽  
Patent Ductus

Baylen and Emmanouilides give the impression that their abstract was misquoted in our commentary. We would like to explain our interpretation of their data. In the abstract, Baylen et al indicate that they measured regional blood flows (RBF) in premature fetal lambs, expressing them as a percentage of the left ventricular output (LVO) before and after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure. Their results (percent of LVO) before and after PDA closure were: lung, 42.7% vs 8.4% (P < .01); carcass, 35% vs 55% (P < .01); heart, 5.5% vs 10.2% (P < .05); gastrointestinal tract, 5.1% vs 9.3% (P < .05); brain, 2.7% vs 3.4% (P = NS); kidney, 2.2% vs 3.3% (P = NS); liver, 3.2% vs 5.7% (P = NS).

Ibuprofen and indomethacin differentially regulate vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in ductus arteriosus endothelial cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Sallmon ◽  
Sandra Akanbi ◽  
Sven C. Weber ◽  
Alexander Gratopp ◽  
Cornelia Rheinländer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Ductal Closure ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

AbstractBackgroundCyclooxygenase inhibitors are widely applied to facilitate ductal closure in preterm infants. The mechanisms that lead to patent ductus arteriosus closure are incompletely understood. Vascular endothelial growth factor plays pivotal roles during ductal closure and remodelling.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ibuprofen and indomethacin on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in a primary rat ductus arteriosus endothelial cell culture.MethodsProtein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 and 2 was confirmed in rat ductus arteriosus and aorta by immunofluorescence staining. Fetal rat endothelial cells were isolated from ductus arteriosus and aorta using immunomagnetic cell sorting and treated with ibuprofen or indomethacin. mRNA expression levels were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.ResultsIn ductal endothelial cells, ibuprofen significantly induced vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor 2, but not receptor 1, whereas indomethacin did not alter the expression levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor system. In contrast, ibuprofen significantly induced vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors 1 and 2 in aortic endothelial cells, whereas indomethacin only induced vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2.ConclusionOur results indicate differential effects of ibuprofen and indomethacin on the expression levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor system in ductus arteriosus endothelial cells. In addition, vessel-specific differences between ductal and aortic endothelial cells were found. Further in vivo studies are needed to elucidate the biological significance of these findings.

Duct flow and mitral regurgitation during changes of oxygenation in newborn swine

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Rowe ◽  
J. D. Sinclair ◽  
A. R. Kerr ◽  
P. W. Gage
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Duct Flow ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Patent Ductus ◽  
Dilution Curves

Mitral regurgitation and blood flow through the ductus arteriosus were quantitated during acute changes in oxygenation in 20 newborn swine studied under open-chest conditions during ventilation with 21, 100, or 10% oxygen. Mitral regurgitation and duct flow were estimated from the abnormally early deflections on dilution curves recorded from the left atrium, when compared with those from the aorta, following injection of indicator into the left ventricle. The induction of acute hypoxia resulted in highly significant increase of shunt through the patent ductus arteriosus (P @#X003d; 0.001). On reoxygenation this shunt diminished significantly (P @#X003d 0.01). These effects were present in animals up to 48 hr of age, although the younger animals sometimes had appreciable duct flow under normal conditions of oxygenation while older animals required longer periods of hypoxia to make duct flow evident. The findings support the evidence of previous studies that oxygenation has a marked effect on the patency of the ductus arteriosus. In the same conditions mitral regurgitation was always insignificant. ductus arteriosus flow; hypoxia Submitted on February 17, 1964

Range-gated pulsed Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation of carotid arterial blood flow in small preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dean Wilcox ◽  
Timothy A. Carrigan ◽  
Kenneth J. Dooley ◽  
Don P. Giddens ◽  
Francine D. Dykes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Pulsed Doppler ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Carotid Arterial ◽  
Patent Ductus
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