Serial stereophotogrammetric measurements of the soft tissues of the face. A case of a girl with mild facial asymmetry from 3 weeks to 10 years of age

<p class="abstract">Partial hemifacial hyperplasia is a rare congenital malformation characterized by prominent unilateral overdevelopment of some of the hard and soft tissues of the face. This uncommon diagnosis should be considered while examining facial asymmetry. We report a case of slowly enlarging right facial swelling which turned out to be enlarged zygomtic arch. Complete evaluation led us to believe continued condylar hyperactivity as the underlying reason for worsening deformity. We offer an explanation for the same. Minimal surgical intervention led to significant aesthetic improvement which was patients main concern.</p>

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Clinical and Imaging Findings of True Hemifacial Hyperplasia

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2013/152528 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bansari A. Bhuta ◽

Archana Yadav ◽

Rajiv S. Desai ◽

Shivani P. Bansal ◽

Vipul V. Chemburkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Developmental Disorder ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Facial Asymmetry ◽

Interesting Case ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Computed Tomography Imaging ◽

Tomography Imaging ◽

The Face

Congenital hemifacial hyperplasia is a rare developmental disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by a marked unilateral facial asymmetry. It involves the hard (bones and teeth) and soft tissues of the face. We report an interesting case of true hemifacial hyperplasia in a 25-year-old male highlighting the clinical and computed tomography imaging findings.

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Surgical Anatomy for Extended Facelift Techniques

Facial Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1712472 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (03) ◽

pp. 309-316

Author(s):

Ozcan Cakmak ◽

Ismet Emrah Emre

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Extended Techniques ◽

Surgical Anatomy ◽

Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Face ◽

Facial Soft Tissues ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

AbstractPreservation of the facial nerve is crucial in any type of facial procedure. This is even more important when performing plastic surgery on the face. An intricate knowledge of the course of the facial nerve is a requisite prior to performing facelifts, regardless of the technique used. The complex relationship of the ligaments and the facial nerve may put the nerve at an increased risk of damage, especially if its anatomy is not fully understood. There are several danger zones during dissection where the nerve is more likely to be injured. These include the areas where the nerve branches become more superficial in the dissection plane, and where they traverse between the retaining ligaments of the face. Addressing these ligaments is crucial, as they prevent the transmission of traction during facelifts. Without sufficient release, a satisfying pull on the soft tissues may be limited. Traditional superficial musculoaponeurotic system techniques such as plication or imbrication do not include surgical release of these attachments. Extended facelift techniques include additional dissection to release the retaining ligaments to obtain a more balanced and healthier look. However, these techniques are often the subject of much debate due to the extended dissection that carries a higher risk of nerve complications. In this article we aim to present the relationship of both the nerve and ligaments with an emphasis on the exact location of these structures, both in regard to one another and to their locations within the facial soft tissues, to perform extended techniques safely.

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The relationship between hard and soft tissues of the face

Forensic Facial Reconstruction ◽

10.1017/cbo9781107340961.006 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 94-123

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

The Face ◽

The Relationship

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Encephalotrigeminal Angiomatosis: A Review with Emphasis on Head and Neck Manifestations

Neurographics ◽

10.3174/ng.2000061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 166-174

Author(s):

B.R. Larsen ◽

M.S. Rosztoczy ◽

D.C. Van Tassel ◽

C.R. Larson ◽

S.A. Avedikian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Facial Soft Tissue ◽

Vascular Abnormalities ◽

Weber Syndrome ◽

The Face ◽

Sturge Weber Syndrome ◽

Tissue Abnormalities

Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, also known as Sturge-Weber syndrome or Sturge-Weber-Dimitri disease, is a sporadic congenital neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by angiomas of the face, eyes, and meninges. The typical clinical findings include seizures, a port-wine facial nevus, hemiparesis, and developmental delay. The classic intracranial imaging features of Sturge-Weber syndrome include cerebral hemispheric atrophy, hypervascularity and/or calcification of the cortex, and ipsilateral choroid plexus enlargement. Extracranial findings primarily include the vascular abnormalities of the ocular and facial soft tissues as well as hypertrophy of the calvarial and maxillofacial osseous structures. Additionally, we report involvement of the extraocular muscles, salivary glands, and lacrimal glands, findings that have not been well described in the literature. While a developmental venous pathology underlying Sturge-Weber syndrome has been proposed resulting in many of the findings, the mechanism behind the facial soft-tissue abnormalities and the clinical sequelae associated with these glandular abnormalities is still uncertain.Learning Objective: To recognize typical clinical and various imaging manifestations of Sturge-Weber syndrome, including head and neck and intracranial imaging findings

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ASYMMETRIC CRYING FACIES: A CLINICAL ODDITY

10.36106/ijsr/9300373 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 7-8

Author(s):

Dilesh Kohat ◽

Vishwanath Patil ◽

Kusum Mahajan

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Facial Nerve Palsy ◽

Facial Asymmetry ◽

Associated Anomalies ◽

Benign Condition ◽

Rare Congenital Disorder ◽

The Face ◽

Clinical Description

Background – Congenital hypoplasia of depressor angularis oris muscle (CHDAOM), which is often confused with unilateral facial nerve palsy, is a rare congenital disorder presenting with asymmetric crying facies in a newborn. Accurate diagnosis of this condition is imperative in order to ensure further screening to rule out associated anomalies and appropriate management. We report a late preterm male Clinical description – neonate who was noticed to have facial asymmetry selectively during episodes of crying. During quiet or sleeping state, the face was symmetrical. Clinical examination did not reveal any other facial abnormality or any evidence of facial nerve palsy. Associated anomalies were Management – ruled out by thorough evaluation. In view of isolated CHDAOM, parents were explained regarding benign course of the condition. The neonate was discharged after an uneventful hospital stay. This case report emphasizes the importance of a Conclusion – detailed clinical examination in the diagnosis of CHDOAM. CHDOAM, if occurring in isolation, is a benign condition and does not require any intervention. Parental counselling is the cornerstone of management. However, the diagnosis of CHDAOM should raise suspicion for other associated congenital anomalies and warrants a thorough evaluation.

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Use of computed tomography data for forensic identification of an individual

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine ◽

10.19048/fm339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 41-45

Author(s):

Sergey V. Leonov ◽

Julia P. Shakiryanova

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Computer Tomography ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Reference Points ◽

Forensic Identification ◽

Dimensional Model ◽

Three Dimensional Model ◽

The Face ◽

Tomography Data

Background: The article presents our own experience of using computer tomography for identification of individuals with known results. Aims: The aim of the study was to verify the possibility of performing an identification study using a three-dimensional model obtained from computed tomography of the head. Identification was performed using a three-dimensional model of the head, based on computer tomography sections made in various projections, with a step of 1.231.25 mm. Two-dimensional images of the face (photos) were used for comparison. All comparative studies were conducted using approved methods of craniofacial and portrait identification: by reference points and contours. The experiment used a computer program that allows you to export DICOM-files of computed tomography results to other formats (InVesalius), as well as computer programs that directly work with the research objects (Autodesk 3ds Max, alternative programs Adobe Photoshop, Smith Micro Poser Pro). Results: In the course of research, it was found that, having computer tomography data of the head, it is possible to conduct identification studies on the following parameters: on the reconstructed three-dimensional model of the soft tissues of the face, on the three-dimensional model of the skull (craniofacial identification), on the features of the structure of the ear. Conclusion: Positive results were obtained when comparing objects, which makes it advisable to use them in practical and scientific activities.

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Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym12091448 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1448

Author(s):

Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva ◽

Thomas Richard Jenkyn ◽

Victor Alexander Carranza

Keyword(s):

Good Accuracy ◽

Facial Asymmetry ◽

Bilateral Symmetry ◽

Facial Skeleton ◽

Precise Location ◽

Reconstructive Procedures ◽

Invariant Moments ◽

Symmetric Pattern ◽

The Face ◽

Facial Midline

Assuming a symmetric pattern plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of facial asymmetry, for reconstructive craniofacial surgery, knowing the precise location of the facial midline is important since for most reconstructive procedures the intact side of the face serves as a template for the malformed side. However, the location of the midline is still a subjective procedure, despite its importance. This study aimed to automatically locate the bilateral symmetry midline of the facial skeleton based on an invariant moment technique using pseudo-Zernike moments. A total of 367 skull images were evaluated using the proposed technique. The technique was found to be reliable and provided good accuracy in the symmetry planes. This new technique will be utilized for subsequent studies to evaluate diverse craniofacial reconstruction techniques.

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Three-Dimensional Analysis Techniques—Part 3: Color-Coded System for Three-Dimensional Measurement of Bone and Ratio of Soft Tissue to Bone: The Analysis

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1997_034_0052_tdatpc_2.3.co_2 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 52-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Andrew M. Mccance ◽

James P. Moss ◽

W. Rick Fright ◽

Alf D. Linney

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Dimensional Changes ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Dimensional Measurement ◽

Three Dimensional Measurement ◽

The Face ◽

Bimaxillary Surgery

A new color-coded method of illustrating three-dimensional changes in the bone and the ratio of soft tissue to bone movement is described. The technique is illustrated by superimposing preoperative and 1-year postoperative CT scans of three patients following bimaxillary surgery. The method has proved to be a very simple, effective, and readily interpreted method of quantifying both bone and the ratio of movement of the overlying soft tissues across the face following surgery.

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