Impact of high-intensity exercise on energy expenditure, lipid oxidation and body fatness

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Yoshioka ◽  
E Doucet ◽  
S St-Pierre ◽  
N Alméras ◽  
D Richard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Body Fatness

scholarly journals Defining the contribution of skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase α1 to exercise performance and insulin action

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (5) ◽  
pp. E1034-E1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Svensson ◽  
Jessica R. Dent ◽  
Shahriar Tahvilian ◽  
Vitor F. Martins ◽  
Abha Sathe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
Muscle Contractile

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and is an important control point for carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation. However, the importance of the PDC and CHO oxidation to muscle metabolism and exercise performance, particularly during prolonged or high-intensity exercise, has not been fully defined especially in mature skeletal muscle. To this end, we determined whether skeletal muscle-specific loss of pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha 1 ( Pdha1), which is a critical subunit of the PDC, impacts resting energy metabolism, exercise performance, or metabolic adaptation to high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. For this, we generated a tamoxifen (TMX)-inducible Pdha1 knockout (PDHmKO) mouse, in which PDC activity is temporally and specifically ablated in adult skeletal muscle. We assessed energy expenditure, ex vivo muscle contractile performance, and endurance exercise capacity in PDHmKO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates. Additionally, we studied glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in muscle after 12 wk of HFD feeding. TMX administration largely ablated PDHα in skeletal muscle of adult PDHmKO mice but did not impact energy expenditure, muscle contractile function, or low-intensity exercise performance. Additionally, there were no differences in muscle insulin sensitivity or body composition in PDHmKO mice fed a control or HFD, as compared with WT mice. However, exercise capacity during high-intensity exercise was severely impaired in PDHmKO mice, in parallel with a large increase in plasma lactate concentration. In conclusion, although skeletal muscle PDC is not a major contributor to resting energy expenditure or long-duration, low-intensity exercise performance, it is necessary for optimal performance during high-intensity exercise.

scholarly journals The effect of exercise intensity and excess postexercise oxygen consumption on postprandial blood lipids in physically inactive men

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 986-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel A. Littlefield ◽  
Zacharias Papadakis ◽  
Katie M. Rogers ◽  
José Moncada-Jiménez ◽  
J. Kyle Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption

Reductions in postprandial lipemia have been observed following aerobic exercise of sufficient energy expenditure. Increased excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) has been documented when comparing high- versus low-intensity exercise. The contribution of EPOC energy expenditure to alterations in postprandial lipemia has not been determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low- and high-intensity exercise on postprandial lipemia in healthy, sedentary, overweight and obese men (age, 43 ± 10 years; peak oxygen consumption, 31.1 ± 7.5 mL·kg−1·min−1; body mass index, 31.8 ± 4.5 kg/m2) and to determine the contribution of EPOC to reductions in postprandial lipemia. Participants completed 4 conditions: nonexercise control, low-intensity exercise at 40%–50% oxygen uptake reserve (LI), high-intensity exercise at 70%–80% oxygen uptake reserve (HI), and HI plus EPOC re-feeding (HI+EERM), where the difference in EPOC energy expenditure between LI and HI was re-fed in the form of a sports nutrition bar (Premier Nutrition Corp., Emeryville, Calif., USA). Two hours following exercise participants ingested a high-fat (1010 kcals, 99 g sat fat) test meal. Blood samples were obtained before exercise, before the test meal, and at 2, 4, and 6 h postprandially. Triglyceride incremental area under the curve was significantly reduced following LI, HI, and HI+EERM when compared with nonexercise control (p < 0.05) with no differences between the exercise conditions (p > 0.05). In conclusions, prior LI and HI exercise equally attenuated postprandial triglyceride responses to the test meal. The extra energy expended during EPOC does not contribute significantly to exercise energy expenditure or to reductions in postprandial lipemia in overweight men.

Exercise Intensity, Energy Expenditure And Enjoyment During Variable High Intensity Exercise In Healthy Adults.

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Jenna Thompson ◽  
Matthew Wolfe ◽  
Meral Culver ◽  
Kelly E. Johnson ◽  
Justin P. Guilkey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
High Intensity Exercise

Acute high-intensity exercise with low energy expenditure reduced LDL-c and total cholesterol in men

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio S. Lira ◽  
Nelo E. Zanchi ◽  
Adriano E. Lima-Silva ◽  
Flávio O. Pires ◽  
Rômulo C. Bertuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Intensity Exercise

Analysis of energy expenditure of skiers across the preparatory phase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.А. Bushmanova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Rest Energy Expenditure ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Rest Energy ◽  
Preparatory Phase ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Elite Skiers

Energy expenditure was calculated at rest and during physical activity by indirect calorimetry using the Oxyson Pro system in 55 highly elite skiers. The results showed that in 75% of athletes, the measured rest energy expenditure were higher than the calculated rest energy expenditure by 20% and was 2139±363 kcal/day. Daily energy expenditure was 5347±907 kcal. In the structure of rest energy expenditure the part of carbohydrates was 67 % and fats was 33%. Generally, energy expenditure was more 5000 kcal. In addition, in our study, it was observed a progressive increase of contribution of carbohydrate oxidation in energy expenditure during high-intensity exercise. Key words: energy expenditure, high-intensity exercise, carbohydrates, fats, skiers, indirect calorimetry.

Acute Hematological and Inflammatory Responses to High-intensity Exercise Tests: Impact of Duration and Mode of Exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (07) ◽  
pp. 551-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciele Minuzzi ◽  
Humberto Carvalho ◽  
Diego Brunelli ◽  
Fatima Rosado ◽  
Cláudia Cavaglieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Present Finding ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Repeated Sprints

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the hematological and inflammatory responses to 4 maximal high-intensity protocols, considering energy expenditure in each test. 9 healthy volunteers performed 4 high-intensity exercise tests of short [Wingate (WANT); Repeated-sprints (RSA)] and long durations [Continuous VO2 test (VCONT); intermittent VO2 test (VINT)] in a cycle-ergometer, until exhaustion. Hematological parameters and IL-6, IL-10 and creatine kinase (CK) levels were determined before (PRE), POST, 30 min, 1, 2, 12 and 24 h after the end of the protocols. Additionally, energy expenditure was determined. Leucocytes, erythrocytes and lymphocytes increased at POST and returned to PRE values at 30 min for all protocols. Lymphocytes had a second decreased at 2 h and granulocytes increased at 2 h when compared to PRE. Both variables returned to PRE values between 12–24 h into recovery. The magnitude of response for IL-6 was greater in VINT and for IL-10 in VCONT. There was no association of energy expenditure within each exercise protocol with the pattern of IL-6, IL-10 and CK responses to the exercise protocols. The present finding support that similar responses after continuous or intermittent acute protocols are observed when exercises are performed to volitional failure, regardless of the duration and mode of exercise.

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