Unraveling the evolutionary dynamics of ancient and recent polyploidization events in Avena (Poaceae)

Abstract Understanding the diversification of polyploid crops in the circum-Mediterranean region is a challenging issue in evolutionary biology. Sequence data of three nuclear genes and three plastid DNA fragments from 109 accessions of Avena L. (Poaceae) and the outgroups were used for maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. The evolution of cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) and its close relatives was inferred to have involved ancient allotetraploidy and subsequent recent allohexaploidy events. The crown ages of two infrageneric lineages (Avena sect. Ventricosa Baum ex Romero-Zarco and Avena sect. Avena) were estimated to be in the early to middle Miocene, and the A. sativa lineages were dated to the late Miocene to Pliocene. These periods coincided with the mild seasonal climatic contrasts and the Mediterranean climate established in the Mediterranean Basin. Our results suggest that polyploidy, lineage divergence, and complex reticulate evolution have occurred in Avena, exemplifying the long-term persistence of tetraploids and the multiple origins of hexaploids related to paleoclimatic oscillations during the Miocene-Pliocene interval in the circum-Mediterranean region. This newly-resolved infrageneric phylogenetic framework represents a major step forward in understanding the origin of the cultivated oat.

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A contribution to the phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Isoetes (Isoetaceae, Lycopodiidae) in the Mediterranean region

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.395.3.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 395 (3) ◽

pp. 168 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ANGELO TROIA ◽

GABRIEL JOHNSON ◽

W. CARL TAYLOR

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequence ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Similar Species ◽

Mediterranean Species ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

Voucher Specimens ◽

The Mediterranean

To better understand the phylogeny of Isoetes species in the Mediterranean region, sequences of the second intron of a LFY-like homolog were determined for six populations of three Mediterranean Isoetes species and analyzed with other LFY and ITS sequences of Euro-Mediterranean species available in GenBank. Nomenclature of selected species was updated according to recent literature. Investigations of voucher specimens from previously sequenced taxa revealed that a specimen of I. histrix from Crete, Greece used in several previous molecular studies is probably I. phrygia. Analysis of the limited LFY and ITS DNA sequence data presented here agrees with the organization of Mediterranean species into three groups as suggested by worldwide phylogenies of the genus: first, an older group, including I. longissima, I. histrix, I. durieui, I. libanotica and similar species in addition to other probably “Laurasian” species; second, an intermediate endemic relict group, including only I. malinverniana and I. anatolica; and third a younger group, including the Mediterranean I. delilei, I. phrygia and I. todaroana, along with the widely-distributed I. echinospora and I. lacustris and other species. Preliminary remarks on the evolution and biogeography of the genus in the Mediterranean region are presented.

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Taxonomy and identification of Elachista cingillella (Herrich- Schäffer, 1855) and its close relatives (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae), with descriptions of two new species

Entomologica Fennica ◽

10.33338/ef.84158 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Lauri Kaila ◽

Jari Junnilainen

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Eastern Europe ◽

Central Europe ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Junior Synonym ◽

Northern Europe ◽

Southern Europe ◽

Two New Species ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Close Relatives

The Elachista cingillella complex is defined and diagnosed. The identity of E. cingillella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) is clarified, and E. densicornella Hodgkinson, 1879 is confirmed to be a junior synonym of it. Redescriptions are given for the closely related, little known or misunderstood species E. fasciola Parenti, 1983 and E. nedaella Traugott-Olsen, 1985. Elachista metella Kaila sp. n. is described from Croatia and E. sutteri Kaila sp. n. from Samos, Greece. E. cingillella is a rarely found species distributed in central and northern Europe. All checked records of it from the Mediterranean region are based on misidentified specimens of E. metella sp. n., which is widely distributed in southern Europe and southern parts of central Europe. E. fasciola Parenti is distributed from Eastern Europe to Japan. E. nedaella Traugott-Olsen is only known from Crete, E. sutteri sp. n. from eastern Greece.

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Plastid DNA sequence data help to clarify phylogenetic relationships and reticulate evolution inLycoris(Amaryllidaceae)

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society ◽

10.1111/boj.12198 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shude Shi ◽

Yaqing Sun ◽

Lei Wei ◽

Xuefeng Lei ◽

Kenneth M. Cameron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequence ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Plastid Dna ◽

Reticulate Evolution ◽

Dna Sequence Data

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How much does weather control fire size and intensity in the Mediterranean region?

Annales Geophysicae ◽

10.5194/angeo-33-931-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (7) ◽

pp. 931-939 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

C. Hernandez ◽

P. Drobinski ◽

S. Turquety

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Region ◽

Promising Result ◽

Perfect Match ◽

Fire Risk ◽

Fire Intensity ◽

Major Step ◽

Burnt Area ◽

Synoptic Conditions ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Strong Control

Abstract. This study investigates the synoptic conditions favorable to wildfires in the Mediterranean region, in terms of fire intensity and burnt area. As reported in the literature, Mediterranean large wildfires are associated with a blocking situation. However, this study shows the existence of two types of wildfires controlled by the blocking high intensity: (1) fast build-up of a weak blocking produces intense wildfires associated with strong winds which allow propagation over long distances; (2) longer build-up of strong blocking situation produces less intense wildfires associated with weaker winds which also propagate over long distances. Another major step forward of this study in the understanding of the drivers of those wildfires is the evidence of a perfect match between the period of wildfire activity and the persistence of the favorable synoptic conditions: the wildfire activity starts at the onset of the blocking situation and ends with the transition to a less favorable synoptic weather pattern. Such strong control of the wildfire activity by the concomitant weather is a very promising result regarding fire risk management, especially considering the accidental nature of the Mediterranean wildfires.

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