Theoretical performance evaluation of hypergolic ionic liquid fuels with storable oxidizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (18) ◽  
pp. 9889-9896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas K. Bhosale ◽  
Suresh G. Kulkarni ◽  
Prashant S. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Theoretical Performance ◽  
Conventional Fuel

The density specific impulse of 14 hypergolic ionic liquids with various oxidizers has been theoretically evaluated and found to be higher than the conventional fuel, UDMH.

scholarly journals Theoretical Performance Evaluation of a Marine Solid Propellant Water-Breathing Ramjet Propulsor

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nachum E. Eisen ◽  
Alon Gany
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Ammonium Perchlorate ◽  
Solid Propellant ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Conceptual Scheme ◽  
Thrust Coefficient ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Theoretical Performance

This work analyzes and presents theoretical performance of a marine water-breathing ramjet propulsor. A conceptual scheme of the motor is shown, the equation of thrust is presented, and the dependence on cruise velocity and depth are discussed. Different propellant compositions, representing a wide variety of formulations suitable for propelling a water-breathing ramjet, are investigated. The theoretical results reveal that the specific impulse of a water-breathing ramjet can increase by as much as 30% compared to a standard rocket, when using a conventional hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-ammonium perchlorate (AP) propellant, which does not react chemically with the water. When employing a water-reactive propellant containing metal particles such as magnesium or aluminum, the specific impulse may be more than doubled. The thrust coefficient of the propulsor was computed at different cruise velocities and depths and was found to be greater than the predictable drag even at significant depth.

scholarly journals Desulfurization Of The Dibenzothiophene (DBT) By Using Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids(Ils)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bilal Kazmi ◽  
Awan Zahoor ◽  
Hashmi Saud ◽  
Zafar Khan Ghouri
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Process Condition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Model Diesel

In this work we examined the industrial scale extraction process of ultra-low sulfur diesel with the help of simulation software ASPEN Plus®. This work focuses on the [Cnmim] [BF4] (imidazolium-based) ionic liquid and employed it in the extractive desulfurization of the dibenzothiophene (DBT) from the model diesel fuel under a very mild process condition. UNIFAC (uniquasi functional activity) was chosen as the thermodynamic method to model the ionic liquid on ASPEN Plus® and different physical and chemical properties were then taken from the literature to be incorporated in the simulation model. Different parametric analysis was studied for the removal of thiophene-based compounds from the model diesel. The results acquired shows the significance of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) for the extraction of S-contents from the liquid fuels at an optimal process conditions of 40 ℃ and 2 bar pressure with the 2.8: 1 ratio of ionic liquid and model diesel which validates the experimental results obtained previously in the literature.

Dehydration of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Catalyzed by Alkaline Ionic Liquid

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1585-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Shui Qu ◽  
Yan Lei Song ◽  
Chong Pin Huang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Biao Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Room Temperature Ionic Liquids ◽  
The Cost

The preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) through the dehydration of fructose with room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) has received much attention as a way of producing liquid fuels from renewable resources, but the cost of the process is considerably increased with IL as a solvent rather than as a catalyst. In this work, we have shown that the alkaline Ionic Liquid, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydroxide ([BMIM]OH), can be used as a catalyst in the conversion of fructose to 5-HMF. The maximum yield of 5-HMF was 91.6% at 160 °C after 8 h using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent, and the ketose is more easily dehydrated than aldose in this catalyst system.

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

Dynamics of Ion Locking in Doubly Polymerized Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Arora ◽  
Julisa Rozon ◽  
Jennifer Laaser
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Ion Motion ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Insight Into

<div>In this work, we investigate the dynamics of ion motion in “doubly-polymerized” ionic liquids (DPILs) in which both charged species of an ionic liquid are covalently linked to the same polymer chains. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is used to characterize these materials over a broad frequency and temperature range, and their behavior is compared to that of conventional “singly-polymerized” ionic liquids (SPILs) in which only one of the charged species is attached to the polymer chains. Polymerization of the DPIL decreases the bulk ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude relative to both SPILs. The timescales for local ionic rearrangement are similarly found to be approximately four orders of magnitude slower in the DPILs than in the SPILs, and the DPILs also have a lower static dielectric constant. These results suggest that copolymerization of the ionic monomers affects ion motion on both the bulk and the local scales, with ion pairs serving to form strong physical crosslinks between the polymer chains. This study provides quantitative insight into the energetics and timescales of ion motion that drive the phenomenon of “ion locking” currently under investigation for new classes of organic electronics.</div>

Ionic Liquid Assisted Synthesis of Some 2-Aminobenzenethiols

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 550-555
Author(s):  
Dinesh K. Jangid ◽  
Keshav L. Ameta ◽  
Surbhi Dhadda ◽  
Anjali Guleria ◽  
Prakash G. Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Presence And Absence

Ionic Liquid assisted efficient synthesis of some 2-aminobenzenethiols has been reported using three different Ionic Liquids (ILs) namely methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [MIM]+[BF4]−, methylimidazolium chloride [MIM]+[Cl]− and methylimidazolium nitrate [MIM]+[NO3]−. A comparative study has been carried out for the synthesis of target molecules in the presence and absence of IL, leading to conclusion that maximum yield has been observed with [MIM]+[BF4]−.

Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Ionic Liquid and Spectrophotometric Determination of Bilirubin in Biological Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-659
Author(s):  
Asiye A. Avan ◽  
Hayati Filik
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Spectrophotometric Detection ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Background: An Ionic Liquid-based based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (IL-DLLME) method was not applied to preconcentration and determination of bilirubin. Ionic Liquids (ILs) are new chemical compounds. In recent years, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have been employed as alternative solvents to toxic organic solvents. Due to these perfect properties, ILs have already been applied in many analytical extraction processes, presenting high extraction yield and selectivity for analytes. Methods: In this study, IL-DLLME was applied to biological samples (urine and serum) for the spectrophotometric detection of bilirubin. For bilirubin analysis, the full-color development was based on the reaction with periodate in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The high affinity of bilirubin for the ionic liquid phase gave extraction percentages above 98% in 0.3 M HCl solution. Results: Several IL-extraction parameters were optimized and room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl- 1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and ethanol were used as extraction and disperser solution. The linear range was found in the range of 0.5-6.0 μM (0.3-3.5 μg mL-1) and the limits of detection of the proposed method was 0.5 μM (0.3 μg mL-1). The proposed method was applied for the preconcentration and separation of trace bilirubin in real urine samples. Also, the recoveries for bilirubin in spiked biological samples (urine and serum) were found to be acceptable, between 95-102%. Conclusion: The proposed IL-DLLMEapproach was employed for the enrichment and determination of trace levels of bilirubin in urine samples using NaIO4 as an oxidizing agent and Uv-vis spectrophotometric detection. The periodate oxidation of bilirubin is rapid, effective, selective, and simple to perform. The method contains only HCl, NaOI4, and an anionic surfactant. The method may be useful for economizing in the consumption of reagents in bilirubin determining. The IL-DLLMEmethod ensures a high yield and has a low toxicity no skin sensitization, no mutagenicity and no ecotoxicity in an aquatic environment since only very low quantities of an IL is required. For full-color formation, no any extra auxiliary reagents are required. Besides, the IL-DLLME technique uses a low-cost instrument such as Uv-vis which is present in most of the medical laboratories.

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