A novel Fe-free photo-electro-Fenton-like system for enhanced ciprofloxacin degradation: bifunctional Z-scheme WO3/g-C3N4

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2850-2862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Bai ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Liangbo Xie ◽  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Sihui Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genes

Antibiotics accumulate because of their extensive use and difficult degradation, which can lead to the formation of novel antibiotic resistant genes and bacteria, which can cause damage to human health and the ecological environment.

Thermophilic rather than mesophilic sludge anaerobic digesters possess lower antibiotic resistant genes abundance

2021 ◽  
pp. 124924
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Qiuyan Mao ◽  
Yu-ao Su ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
He Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genes

scholarly journals Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogen Identification in Infected Foot Ulcers

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0002
Author(s):  
Yoonjung Choi ◽  
Irvin Oh
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Streptococcus Species ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Foot infections are often polymicrobial with diverse microbiomes. Accurate identification of the main pathogen in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) remain challenging due to contamination or negative cultures often leading to ineffective post-surgical antibiotic treatment. Application of molecular diagnostics, such as next generation sequencing (NGS) has been explored as an alternative to standard culture in orthopaedic infections. NGS is highly sensitive and detects an entire bacterial genome along with pharmacologic resistant genes in a given sample. We sought to investigate the potential use of NGS for accurate diagnosis and quantification of various species in infected DFU. We hypothesize that NGS will provide a more accurate means of diagnosing and profiling microorganisms in infected DFU compared to the standard culture method. Methods: We investigated 30 infected DFU patients who underwent surgical treatment by a single academic orthopaedic surgeon from October 2018 to September 2019. The average age of the patient was 60.4 (range 33-82) years-old. Surgical procedures performed were irrigation and debridement (12), toe or ray amputation (13), calcanectomies (4), and below-knee amputation (1). Infected bone specimens were obtained intraoperatively and processed for standard culture and NGS. Quantitative PCR was performed to determine the bacterial burden present in the sample. DNA was amplified by PCR from a highly conserved region of the rRNA gene in the bacteria (16S rRNA). Once a high level of DNA was generated and determined, it was compared against NIH GenBank database. Concordance between the standard culture and NGS was assessed. Results: In 28 of 29 patients, pathogens were identified by both NGS and culture, with complete consistency of organisms in 13 cases (concordance rate: 43.3%). NGS provided relative quantitative measures and the presence of antibiotic resistant genes for each pathogen. In NGS, Anaerococcus species (79.3%) was the most common organism, followed by Streptococcus species (44.8%), Prevotella species (44.8%), Finegoldia magna (44.8%). In culture, S. aureus (58.6%) was the most common, followed by Streptococcus species (34.5%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (24.1%), Corynebacterium species (20.7%). On average, NGS revealed 5.1 (1-11) number of pathogens, whereas standard culture revealed 2.6 (1-6) pathogens in a given sample. NGS identified 2 cases with false positive standard culture and detected antibiotic resistant organisms in 15 specimens. Conclusion: NGS is an emerging method of microbial identification in orthopedic infection. It is particularly helpful in profiling diverse microbes in polymicrobial infected DFU. It can identify major pathogens and may correct false positive or false negative culture. NGS may allow a faster invitation of postoperative targeted antibiotic therapy. [Table: see text]

Integrated asymmetric superwetting Janus membrane for efficient separation of various surfactant stabilized oil-water emulsions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuping Chen ◽  
Yushuang Yang ◽  
Yiming Li ◽  
Mutai Bao ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Efficient Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Poor Stability

Water pollution caused by oil has seriously threatened ecological environment and human health. Janus membrane could separate oil-water emulsions efficiently, but they suffer from high synthesis cost, poor stability and...

scholarly journals Where future emerging pathogens will come from and what approaches can be used to find them, besides VFARs

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S75-S93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Sobsey ◽  
Suresh D. Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Waterborne Pathogens ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Waterborne Pathogen ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
Human Health Effects

A consideration of available evidence for some known and well-characterized waterborne pathogens suggests that the diversity of pathogen virulence mechanisms and properties is too great to specifically predict the emergence and future human health impacts of new waterborne pathogens. However, some future emerging pathogens are existing microbes that will be discovered to cause disease. Some will arise from existing ones by either predictable evolutionary and adaptation changes or by unpredictable changes involving a variety of biotic and abiotic mechanisms. Many, and perhaps most, emerging waterborne human pathogens will be zoonotic agents or come from other non-human reservoirs. The emergence of some waterborne pathogens will be related to antibiotic use, resulting in emerging antibiotic-resistant waterborne pathogens. Reliably predicting pathogen emergence and human health effects based on VFARs or other properties of microbes and their hosts is not possible at this time. This is because of (1) the diversity of microbes and their virulence and pathogenicity properties, (2) their ability to change unpredictably, (3) their intimate and diverse interrelationships with a myriad of hosts and dynamic natural and anthropogenic environments and (4) the subtle variations in the immune status of individuals. The best available approach to predicting waterborne pathogen emergence is through vigilant use of microbial, infectious disease and epidemiological surveillance. Understanding the microbial metagenome of the human body can also lead to a better understanding of how we define and characterize pathogens, commensals and opportunists.

Removal Mechanisms for Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Water by NF/RO Membranes

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2502-2505
Author(s):  
Zhong Hua Huang ◽  
Zheng Li Liu ◽  
Li Jun Zhu ◽  
Guli Mira Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Removal Mechanisms ◽  
Micro Pollutants

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been widely detected in aquatic environment in recent years; as emerging micro-pollutants, their influence on human health and ecological environment safety are of increasing concern. Membrane filtration is considered as the suitable separation method for PPCPs removal due to different removal mechanisms. This paper reviews the removal efficiency and removal mechanisms for PPCPs by NF/RO membranes.

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