Large-sized crystal growth and piezoelectric properties of the single crystals of LiNa5Mo9O30

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1912-1917
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Du ◽  
Fuan Liu ◽  
Zeliang Gao ◽  
Xiaojie Guo ◽  
Xiangmei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dipole Moment ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
First Time ◽  
Octahedral Distortion

Single crystals of LiNa5Mo9O30 with seeds in the a-, b- and c-directions were successfully grown using the TSSG method. Full sets of dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric matrices of the crystal were determined first time. The octahedral distortion and dipole moment are calculated to explain the piezoelectric properties.

scholarly journals Growth of single crystals in the (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3–(Sr1–xCax)TiO3 system by solid state crystal growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Gia Le ◽  
Huyen Tran Tran ◽  
Jong-Sook Lee ◽  
John G. Fisher ◽  
Hwang-Pill Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Single Crystal Growth ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
The Matrix

AbstractCeramics based on (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3 are promising candidates for actuator applications because of large strains generated by an electric field-induced phase transition. For example, the (1−x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-xSrTiO3 system exhibits a morphotropic phase boundary at x = 0.2–0.3, leading to high values of inverse piezoelectric constant d*33, which can be further improved by the use of single crystals. In our previous work, single crystals of (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3-SrTiO3 and (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3-CaTiO3 were grown by the solid state crystal growth technique. Growth in the (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3-SrTiO3 system was sluggish whereas the (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3-CaTiO3 single crystals grew well. In the present work, 0.8(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-0.2(Sr1−xCax)TiO3 single crystals (with x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) were produced by the solid state crystal growth technique in an attempt to improve crystal growth rate. The dependence of mean matrix grain size, single crystal growth distance, and electrical properties on the Ca concentration was investigated in detail. These investigations indicated that at x = 0.3 the matrix grain growth was suppressed and the driving force for single crystal growth was enhanced. Replacing Sr with Ca increased the shoulder temperature Ts and temperature of maximum relative permittivity Tmax, causing a decrease in inverse piezoelectric properties and a change from normal to incipient ferroelectric behavior.

scholarly journals Growth and structure of K2CoxNi(1-x)(SO4)2·6H2O mixed single crystals

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1029-C1029
Author(s):  
Natalie Vasilyeva ◽  
Marina Grigorieva ◽  
Alexander Antipin ◽  
Natalia Sorokina ◽  
Alexey Voloshin
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Mixed Crystals ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Distorted Octahedral ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

To date, crystals of Tutton salts with the general formula (M+)2M2+(SO4)2*6N2O (where M+- alkali metal or ammonium, M2+ - bivalent metal - Co2+, Ni2+) are used as a materials for ultraviolet (UV) filters. Only in recent year effort of ternary crystal growth has been taken. The main problem of mixed crystal growth from liquid solution is high level of the crystal inhomogeneity, which leads to generation of the elastic stress, inclusion trapping and micro- and macrocrack formation in the bulk crystal. For the first time the optically homogeneous mixed K2CoxNi(1 – x)(SO4)2 · 6H2O (KCNSH) large single crystals have been grown from solutions of different compositions by the temperature-reduction technique. Precise X-ray experiment of three mixed crystals was carried out by four-circle diffractometer CAD-4F and XcaliburS diffractometer with two-dimensional CCD detector at the room temperature. KCNSH crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c. Each Co2+ or Ni2+ ion is coordinated with six H2O molecules, forming a distorted octahedral (Co(H2O)6)2+ and (Ni(H2O)6)2+ unit. With increasing content of nickel ions in the crystal, the octahedral unit is narrowed and the unit cell volume is decreased. Chemical formulas refined using diffraction data are K2Co0.657Ni0.343(SO4)2·6H2O, K2Co0.226Ni0.774(SO4)2·6H2O and K2Co0.216Ni0.784(SO4)2·6H2O. Ratios of isomorphic cobalt and nickel components in the mixed crystals are conformed to data obtained by atomic emission spectroscopy. Effect of the Co2+ and Ni2+ ion ratio in KCNSH single crystal to crystal quality is considered.

scholarly journals Direct Observation of Crystal Facet Transformation During Gold-Tin Alloy Electroplating

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Bath Composition ◽  
Transformation Behavior ◽  
Crystal Facet ◽  
Tin Alloys ◽  
First Time

Gold-Tin alloys are commonly used as solder materials in semiconductor industries. In this work, Au-Sn alloys have been electroplated with different bath conditions. For the first time, Au-Sn alloy single crystals have been observed. There are two kinds of single crystals were grown with the compositions of Au4Sn and Au2Sn, different from literature-stated Au5Sn and AuSn. The effects of bath composition and plating factors on crsytal facet development of Au-Sn deposits have been investigated. SEM/EDX analysis showed that only Au4Sn and Au2Sn phases are single crystals among all plated deposits. The growth of either Au4Sn or Au2Sn phases showed preferred orientation with plating conditions. We report on quantitative SEM/EDX characterizations used to study the facet transformation behavior of Au-Sn alloy at the nanometer scale. We have obtained direct evidence that the single crystals and crystal facet transformation of Au4Sn and Au2Sn does exist in Au-Sn alloy, and high Sn content enhanced the crystal growth through a spiral-like growth mechanism.

A new ternary ferroelectric crystal of Pb(Y1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3

CrystEngComm ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 7552-7557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuzhi Li ◽  
Zujian Wang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Chao He ◽  
Xifa Long
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Ferroelectric Crystal ◽  
First Time

A ternary piezo-/ferroelectric crystal of PYN–PMN–PT (22/44/34) with dimensions of 26 × 26 × 10 mm3 has been grown by the TSSG method for the first time with a purpose of exploring new ferroelectric single crystals with high piezoelectric properties, and which was characterized by structural analysis and electrical measurements.

scholarly journals Large piezoelectric properties in KNN-based lead-free single crystals grown by a seed-free solid-state crystal growth method

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (18) ◽  
pp. 182904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Faqiang Zhang ◽  
Qunbao Yang ◽  
Zhifu Liu ◽  
Yongxiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Growth Method

Crystal growth and piezoelectric properties of Ca3Ta(Ga1−x Scx)3Si2O14 single crystals

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. S136-S139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Igarashi ◽  
Yuji Ohashi ◽  
Yuui Yokota ◽  
Mototaka Arakawa ◽  
Kenji Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties

Crystal Growth of Lithium-Doped Silver Niobate Single Crystals and Their Piezoelectric Properties

2007 ◽  
Vol 346 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wada ◽  
A. Saito ◽  
T. Hoshina ◽  
H. Kakemoto ◽  
T. Tsurumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties

Crystal growth and scintillation properties of tube shape-controlled Ce-doped Y3Al5O12 single crystals grown by micro-pulling-down method

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 125503
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kotaki ◽  
Masao Yoshino ◽  
Yuui Yokota ◽  
Takashi Hanada ◽  
Akihiro Yamaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Tube Shape ◽  
Shape Controlled
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