Nanosized particles, with a size of less than 100 nm, have a wide variety of applications in various
fields of nanotechnology and biotechnology, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Metal nanoparticles
[MNPs] have been synthesized by different chemical and physical procedures. Still, the biological approach or
green synthesis [phytosynthesis] is considered as a preferred method due to eco-friendliness, nontoxicity, and
cost-effective production. Various plants and plant extracts have been used for the green synthesis of MNPs,
including biofabrication of noble metals, metal oxides, and bimetallic combinations. Biomolecules and metabolites
present in plant extracts cause the reduction of metal ions into nanosized particles by one-step preparation
methods. MNPs have remarkable attractiveness in biomedical applications for their use as potential antioxidant,
anticancer and antibacterial agents. The present review offers a comprehensive aspect of MNPs production via
top-to-bottom and bottom-to-top approach with considerable emphasis on green technology and their possible
biomedical applications. The critical parameters governing the MNPs formation by plant-based synthesis are also
highlighted in this review.
The Aquilegia pubiflora (Himalayan columbine) mediated synthesis of nanoceria for diverse biomedical applications
