scholarly journals Production and purification of bacilysin

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
HJ Rogers ◽  
GGF Newton ◽  
EP Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Ferric Iron ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Crude Material ◽  
Spore Forming Bacteria

1. Bacilysin, a hydrophilic substance formed by certain aerobic spore-forming bacteria that causes lysis in cultures of growing staphylococci, has been produced in aerated cultures of a strain of Bacillus subtilis (A14). A chemically defined medium was used, which contained glucose, Czapek-Dox salts and ferric iron. Production of bacilysin occurred, after a lag, while the culture was still undergoing rapid growth. 2. Bacilysin was adsorbed from the culture medium on Zeo-Karb 225 (SR5) (H(+) form) and eluted with aqueous pyridine. The crude material was purified by chromatography in pyridine-acetate buffers on columns of Dowex 50 (X2) and Dowex 50 (X8) respectively and by chromatography in aq. 70% (v/v) propan-2-ol on Sephadex G-25. 3. Purified bacilysin behaved as a single ninhydrin-positive substance when subjected to chromatography on paper in butan-1-ol-acetic acid-water and to electrophoresis on paper at pH4.5 or pH1.8. At pH4.5 the substance behaved as though it had no net change and at pH1.8 it migrated towards the cathode.

scholarly journals Enhanced Spore Production of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Grown in a Chemically Defined Medium

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (08) ◽  
pp. 444-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. S. Monteiro ◽  
J. J. Clemente ◽  
M. J. T. Carrondo ◽  
A. E. Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium

scholarly journals l-Alanine Auxotrophy of Lactobacillus johnsonii as Demonstrated by Physiological, Genomic, and Gene Complementation Approaches

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1869-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengameh van der Kaaij ◽  
Frank Desiere ◽  
Beat Mollet ◽  
Jacques-Edouard Germond
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Lactobacillus Johnsonii ◽  
Gene Complementation ◽  
Alanine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Comparative Genetic Analysis

ABSTRACT Using a chemically defined medium without l-alanine, Lactobacillus johnsonii was demonstrated to be strictly auxotrophic for that amino acid. A comparative genetic analysis showed that all known genes involved in l-alanine biosynthesis are absent from the genome of L. johnsonii. This auxotrophy was complemented by heterologous expression of the Bacillus subtilis l-alanine dehydrogenase.

scholarly journals In vitro production of cattle blastocysts in chemically defined medium with or without insulin supplementation

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiina Bredbacka ◽  
Peter Bredbacka
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

In this study we evaluated the use of a chemically defined medium in the production of blastocysts from bovine oocytes fertilized in vitro. As culture medium we used CRI-PVP, a modification of CRlaa medium with bovine serum albumin replaced by polyvinylpyrrolidone. After 168 h of culture (192 h after insemination) 8.7%, 10.5 and 12.8% of the cleaved embryos developed to the blastocyst stage in the presence of 0, 2 or 200 nM insulin, respectively. The supplementation of 200 nM insulin tended to increase cell numbers in morulae and blastocysts (P=0.10). It is concluded that CRI-PVP can be used as a chemically defined medium in the production of blastocysts from bovine 1-cell embryos. However, further modifications are needed, and the insulin concentrations used may be below the optimum for blastocyst production.

A Chemically Defined Medium for Disinfectant Testing

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-539
Author(s):  
Michael J Pelczar
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Collaborative Testing ◽  
Satisfactory Performance

Abstract A synthetic broth has been developed as a culture medium for use in disinfectant testing procedures, 5.001— 5.005. Collaborative testing of the Wright- Mundy medium revealed satisfactory performance, and the medium is recommended for adoption as official, first action, as an alternative medium for disinfectant testing.

scholarly journals Identification of Neisseria by electron capture gas-liquid chromatography of metabolites in a chemically defined growth medium

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-481
Author(s):  
C D Morse ◽  
J B Brooks ◽  
D S Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
Neisseria Species ◽  
Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride

A dual-purpose study was carried out in an attempt to develop a rapid, sensitive method to identify Neisseria species by gas chromatography and to learn more about the metabolism of these organisms. Sixty-nine isolates of Neisseria were grown in a chemically defined fluid medium; the spent medium was extracted sequentially at pH 2 with diethyl ether and at pH 10 with chloroform. The pH 10 extracts were derivatized with heptafluorobutyric anhydride and analyzed by electron capture gas-liquid chromatography. The resulting spent culture medium electron capture gas-liquid chromatography profiles showed several qualitative and significant quantitative differences among the Neisseria species potentially useful in separating and identifying these organisms. Putrescine and cadaverine which were present in the spent culture medium of some Neisseria, including N. gonorrhoeae, were tentatively identified. Substituting carbohydrates for the chemically defined medium containing glucose in the base medium produced altered profiles with increased quantitative and qualitative differences.

scholarly journals Low cost and sustainable hyaluronic acid production in a manufacturing platform based on Bacillus subtilis 3NA strain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Cerminati ◽  
Mélanie Leroux ◽  
Pablo Anselmi ◽  
Salvador Peirú ◽  
Juan C. Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
List Type ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Proof Of Concept

AbstractHyaluronic acid (HA) is a high value glycosaminoglycan mostly used in health and cosmetic applications. Commercial HA is produced from animal tissues or in toxigenic bacteria of the genus Streptococcus grown in complex media, which are expensive and raise environmental concerns due to the disposal of large amounts of broth with high organic loads. Other microorganisms were proposed as hosts for the heterologous production of HA, but the methods are still costly. The extraordinary capacity of this biopolymer to bind and retain water attracts interest for large scale applications where biodegradable materials are needed, but its high cost and safety concerns are barriers for its adoption.Bacillus subtilis 3NA strain is prototrophic, amenable for genetic manipulation, GRAS, and can rapidly reach high cell densities in salt-based media. These phenotypic traits were exploited to create a platform for biomolecule production using HA as a proof of concept. First, the 3NA strain was engineered to produce HA; second, a chemically defined medium was formulated using commodity-priced inorganic salts combined at the stoichiometric ratios needed to build the necessary quantities of biomass and HA; and third, a scalable fermentation process, where HA can be produced at the maximum volumetric productivity (VP), was designed.A comparative economic analysis against other methods indicates that the new process may increase the operating profit of a manufacturing plant by more than 100 %. The host, the culture medium, and the rationale employed to develop the fermentation process described here, introduce an IP free platform that could be adaptable for production of other biomolecules.Key PointsA platform for the production of biomolecules was designed based on B. subtilis 3NA, a chemically defined medium and a fermentation process.As proof of concept, high quality hyaluronic acid was produced with an environmentally friendly process.A techno-economic analysis indicates that the process is more that 100% profitable than current methods.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Profiling of Porcine Blastocysts Produced In Vitro in a Chemically Defined Culture Medium

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Josep M. Cambra ◽  
Emilio A. Martinez ◽  
Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez ◽  
Maria A. Gil ◽  
Cristina Cuello
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Defined Culture ◽  
The Impact

The development of chemically defined media is a growing trend in in vitro embryo production (IVP). Recently, traditional undefined culture medium with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been successfully replaced by a chemically defined medium using substances with embryotrophic properties such as platelet factor 4 (PF4). Although the use of this medium sustains IVP, the impact of defined media on the embryonic transcriptome has not been fully elucidated. This study analyzed the transcriptome of porcine IVP blastocysts, cultured in defined (PF4 group) and undefined media (BSA group) by microarrays. In vivo-derived blastocysts (IVV group) were used as a standard of maximum embryo quality. The results showed no differentially expressed genes (DEG) between the PF4 and BSA groups. However, a total of 2780 and 2577 DEGs were detected when comparing the PF4 or the BSA group with the IVV group, respectively. Most of these genes were common in both in vitro groups (2132) and present in some enriched pathways, such as cell cycle, lysosome and/or metabolic pathways. These results show that IVP conditions strongly affect embryo transcriptome and that the defined culture medium with PF4 is a guaranteed replacement for traditional culture with BSA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document