Plasma Levels of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Bile Acids in Patients with Fulminant Hepatic Failure

Background and Aims: Fecal bile acids (BAs), short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and gut microbiome may be implicated in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology. Our aim was to compare fecal organic acids between IBS with constipation (IBS-C), IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D), and controls. Methods: Stool samples were collected from 17 controls, 5 IBS-C, and 5 IBS-D volunteers during a 4-day high fat diet. Aliquots were stored for future analysis of the fecal microbiota. Fecal SCFA and BA analyses were conducted at the Metabolite Profiling Facility at Purdue University and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic. We compared SCFA and BA levels among groups using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Gamma and linear regression were used to compare SCFAs and BAs adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI). Results: Fecal acetate levels (mean+SD, µg/mg) were higher in IBS-C (11.3±7) than in controls (6.1±3.3) or IBS-D (7.7±2), although not statistically significant (p=0.19). Total fecal BAs (median [IQR], %) were higher in IBS-D (675 [484-778]) than in controls (342 [130-640]) or IBS-C (321.5 (34.5-718); however, differences were not significant. No significant differences were observed in BAs or SCFAs between groups in multivariate analyses. Conclusion: We are unable to show significant differences in organic acid levels in IBS and controls. Lack of association may be due to small sample size. Future investigation of larger patient numbers with incorporation of transit and microbiome analyses may shed further light on the role of organic acids in IBS to identify new biomarkers and treatment targets.

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104 – Associations Between Fecal Short Chain Fatty Acids, Fecal Bile Acids, and Colonic Transit in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(19)36838-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 156 (6) ◽

pp. S-26

Author(s):

Andrea S. Shin ◽

Chirag Patel ◽

John M. Wo ◽

Robert M. Siwiec ◽

Matthew Bohm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Bile Acids ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Colonic Transit ◽

Short Chain ◽

Fecal Bile Acids ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Differences in Fecal Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Bile Acids Link Colorectal Cancer Risk to Dietary Changes Associated with Urbanization Among Zimbabweans

Nutrition and Cancer ◽

10.1080/01635581.2019.1602659 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 (8) ◽

pp. 1313-1324 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Katsidzira ◽

S. Ocvirk ◽

A. Wilson ◽

J. Li ◽

C. B. Mahachi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Bile Acids ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽

Short Chain ◽

Dietary Changes ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Association Between Low Colonic Short-Chain Fatty Acids and High Bile Acids in High Colon Cancer Risk Populations

Nutrition and Cancer ◽

10.1080/01635581.2012.630164 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 34-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Junhai Ou ◽

James P. DeLany ◽

Ming Zhang ◽

Sumit Sharma ◽

Stephen J. D. O’Keefe

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Colon Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Bile Acids ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Colon Cancer Risk ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Isomaltulose Exhibits Prebiotic Activity, and Modulates Gut Microbiota, the Production of Short Chain Fatty Acids, and Secondary Bile Acids in Rats

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092464 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2464

Author(s):

Zhan-Dong Yang ◽

Yi-Shan Guo ◽

Jun-Sheng Huang ◽

Ya-Fei Gao ◽

Fei Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Bile Acids ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Control Group ◽

Secondary Bile Acid ◽

Prebiotic Activity ◽

Secondary Bile Acids ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

In vitro experiments have indicated prebiotic activity of isomaltulose, which stimulates the growth of probiotics and the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, the absence of in vivo trials undermines these results. This study aims to investigate the effect of isomaltulose on composition and functionality of gut microbiota in rats. Twelve Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the IsoMTL group was given free access to water containing 10% isomaltulose (w/w), and the control group was treated with normal water for five weeks. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that ingestion of isomaltulose increased the abundances of beneficial microbiota, such as Faecalibacterium and Phascolarctobacterium, and decreased levels of pathogens, including Shuttleworthia. Bacterial functional prediction showed that isomaltulose affected gut microbial functionalities, including secondary bile acid biosynthesis. Targeted metabolomics demonstrated that isomaltulose supplementation enhanced cholic acid concentration, and reduced levels of lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, dehydrocholic acid, and hyodeoxycholic acid. Moreover, the concentrations of propionate and butyrate were elevated in the rats administered with isomaltulose. This work suggests that isomaltulose modulates gut microbiota and the production of SCFAs and secondary bile acids in rats, which provides a scientific basis on the use of isomaltulose as a prebiotic.

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