Effects of Aging on the Variability of Arterial Pressure in Essential Hypertensive Patients

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 411s-414s ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ogawa ◽  
Shigeo Takata ◽  
Gakuji Nomura ◽  
Shiro Arai ◽  
Takayuki Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Effects Of Aging

1. We studied the effects of aging on the variability of blood pressure in mild to moderate essential hypertensive subjects. 2. Cardiac index was greater and total peripheral resistance index was less in patients under 40 years (by an average of 1.06 litres min−1 m−2 and 9.23 mmHg 1−1 min−1 m−2) than in those over 40 respectively (P < 0.001 for each). 3. Pulse pressure/stroke volume was less by an average of 0.345 mmHg/ml in patients under 40 years than that in those over 40 (P < 0.001). Pulse pressure/stroke volume was correlated with age (r = 0.621), average systolic blood pressure (r = 0.623) and inversely with baroreflex sensitivity (r = −0.494). 4. Baroreflex sensitivity was less by an average of 3.1 ms/mmHg in patients over 30 years than in those under 30 (P < 0.025). Baroreflex sensitivity was inversely correlated with age (r = −0.617) and average systolic blood pressure (r = −0.589). 5. Beat by beat variability of systolic blood pressure was correlated with age (r = 0.460), particularly when the data of those in their twenties were excluded (r = 0.618), and significantly with pulse pressure/stroke volume (r = 0.650), average systolic blood pressure (r = 0.618) and inversely with baroreflex sensitivity (r = −0.477). These relationships were not observed for diastolic blood pressure. 6. Maximum difference in systolic blood pressure in a day was correlated with pulse pressure/stroke volume (r = 0.482) and average systolic blood pressure (r = 0.648) but not with baroreflex sensitivity. These relationships were not observed for diastolic blood pressure. 7. Variability of systolic blood pressure in patients over 30 years gradually increased with age. In contrast, those of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in subjects in their twenties were relatively large. This might be related to factors other than aging, presumably those which underlie the hyperdynamic circulatory state.

ASSESSING THE OUTCOMES OF TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT, 400 HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN BONG SON GENERAL HOSPITAL, BINH DINH PROVINCE

2016 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Long Nhon Phan ◽  
Van Minh Huynh ◽  
Thi Kim Nhung Hoang ◽  
Van Nham Truong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Hypertensive Patient ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Target ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Complications Of Stroke

Objective: To evaluate the results of treatment achieved blood pressure goal (BP goal) and results of hypertensive patient management. Subjects and methods: A study of 400 hypertensive patient intervention, treatment and management after 2 year. To assess the results of BP target, monitor the use of medicines, the situation of hospitalization and complications of stroke. Results: Treatment: -100% of patients using diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), 33% of patients using angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 46.25% of patients using calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and 19.5% of patients using beta-blocker. After 24 months of treatment: 50.5% of patients using 1 antihypertensive drug, 22% of patients using 2 drugs, 20.5% of patients using 3 drugs and 7% of patients taking more than 3 drugs. After 24 months of treatment: 91.75% achieved BP target and 8.25% fail. -Average risk stratification: 97.32% achieved BP target, hight risk stratification: 95.91% and very hight risk stratification: 73.03%. After 24 months of treatment. -Stage 1: 88.48% achieved BP target, stage 2: 92.85% achieved BP target and stage 3: 71.08% achieved BP target. After 24 months of treatment. -Hypertesive results before treatment were: 159.80 ± 20,22mmHg average systolic blood pressure and 82.97 ± 5,82mmHg average diastolic blood pressure. After treatment: average systolic blood pressure 125.38 ± 6,88mmHg and average diastolic blood pressure 79.83 ± 1,79mmHg. No adverse change in the index of tests about lipidemia, liver, kidney, glucomia and no recorded cases of drug side effects. Management of patients: -There were 89% non-medical examinational patients 1 month, 5.25% non-medical examinational patients 2 months, 4.25% non-medical examinational patients 3 months and 1.5% non-medical examinational patients 4 months. There were 93.5% drop pill 1 month, 3.25% drop pill 2 months, 4.25% drop pill 3 months and no patient drop pill over 3 months. In 24 months follow-up, 47% hospitalized inpatients <5 times, 44.5% hospitalized inpatients 5-10 times, 3% hospitalized inpatients 11-15 times, 4.75% hospitalized inpatients from 16-20 times and 0.75% hospitalized inpatients > 20 times. -There were 32.75% hospitalized inpatients for reasons of hypertension and 63.75% hospitalized inpatients for other common diseases. -There were a total of 11592 contacts directly by phone for medical advice, medical reminders and examinational reminders during 24 months of management. -There were 0.5% of patients stroked during 24 months of treatment and management. Conclusion: Treatment by protocol and management by phone directly for medical taking and re-examinational reminders is the best resulted method of achieving blood pressure target and reducing complications of stroke for hypertensive patients. Key word: : blood pressure target; risk stratification; treatment; management; stage; phone.

Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, and Pulse Pressure: An Evaluation of Their Joint Effect on Mortality

2003 ◽  
Vol 139 (9) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Pastor-Barriuso ◽  
Jos R. Banegas ◽  
Javier Damin ◽  
Lawrence J. Appel ◽  
Eliseo Guallar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Joint Effect

The influence of different surgical procedures on hypertension after repair of coarctation

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo Giordano ◽  
Salvatore Giannico ◽  
Attilio Turchetta ◽  
Fatma Hammad ◽  
Flaminia Calzolari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
End To End

We measured resting and exercise haemodynamics, as well as 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, so as to study the influence on development of hypertension in children after repair of coarctation by either construction of a subclavian flap or end-to-end anastamosis. The patients in both groups were studied a mean time of 13 years after surgery. Thus, we divided 43 children who had undergone surgical repair of coarctation, and who were not on antihypertensive therapy, into a group of 22 patients who had undergone subclavian flap repair, with a mean age of 14 plus or minus 2.6 years, and another group of 21 patients undergoing end-to-end anastomosis, with a mean age of 13.5 plus or minus 3.9 years. We examined blood pressure at rest and during exercise, along with the measurement of cardiac output using impedance cardiography, and during 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. We recorded systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse pressure, cardiac output and total peripheral vascular resistance at rest and at peak exercise. During ambulatory monitoring, we measured mean pressures over 24 hours, in daytime and nighttime, 24-hour pulse pressure, and 24-hour mean arterial pressure. Student's t test was used to judge significance, accepting this when p was less than 0.05. The group repaired using the subclavian flap showed significantly disadvantageous differences for diastolic blood pressure at rest, systolic blood pressure at peak exercise and for 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure, 24-hour mean arterial pressure, and daytime and nighttime systolic blood pressure during ambulatory monitoring. Our findings suggest that, after repair using the subclavian flap in comparison to end-to-end anastomosis, patients show a higher incidence of late hypertension, both during exercise and ambulatory monitoring. The data indicate different residual aortic stiffnesses, these being lower after end-to-end anastomosis, which may be due to the greater resection of the abnormal aortic tissue when coarctation is repaired using the latter technique.

scholarly journals Influence of body length on orthostatic test parameters of student-athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
I.V. Borysenko ◽  
Cretu Marian ◽  
Z.L. Kozina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Orthostatic Test

Aim: to identify the influence of body length on the indicators of vegetative-vascular regulation of student-athletes.  Material and methods. The study involved 42 second-year students who play sports at the amateur level (qualification level - 2-3 sports degree). The following research methods were used in the work: method of analysis of literary sources; method of determining body length; orthostatic test method; method of determining stroke volume and minute blood volume. Results. It was found that the increase in systolic blood pressure during the transition from horizontal to vertical position in students whose body length is above 190, significantly higher than in students whose body length does not exceed 175 cm (p <0.01) diastolic blood pressure, then in students whose body length is above 190 cm, this figure is significantly higher (p <0.01) both horizontally and vertically. The stroke volume of tall (more than 190 cm body length) students in the standing position is significantly less than that of students with a body length of 150-175 cm. There is a significant effect of body length on systolic blood pressure in the standing position, diastolic blood pressure in the supine and standing positions, heart rate in the supine and standing positions, stroke volume in the standing position, minute blood volume in the supine position and standing (p <0,001). The effect of body length on the orthostatic test was also significant for the following data: systolic blood pressure in the vertical position, diastolic blood pressure in the vertical position; change in diastolic blood pressure when changing body position from horizontal to vertical; heart rate in vertical and horizontal positions; change in heart rate during the transition from horizontal to vertical position; stroke volume of blood in the vertical position; change in stroke volume of blood during the transition from horizontal to vertical position; all indicators of minute blood volume. Conclusions. The state of the cardiovascular system of student-athletes is characterized by high fitness. It was found that students with a body length of more than 190 cm have difficulty with vegetative-vascular regulation.  

scholarly journals Post-Operative Blood Pressure in 24 Hours and 3-Year Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Chinese Patients Undergoing PCI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Gan ◽  
Dandan Sun ◽  
Yuntao Cheng ◽  
Deyang Wang ◽  
Fen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
Non Linear

Abstract Background: There is no clear evidence for the target value of blood pressure control within 24 hours after Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, our study was designed to explore the relationship between blood pressure within 24 hours after PCI and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during 3-year follow-up. Methods: This study is a prospective study. The study initially collected information of 552 patients. The start and end times of the study are from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020. The independent variables of this study are the average systolic blood pressure and the average diastolic blood pressure within 24 hours after PCI. The dependent variable is the occurrence of MACE events in patients within 3 years after PCI. Results: A total of 514 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the study subjects is 61.92 ± 9.49 years old, of which 67.12% are male. 94 subjects had a MACE event within 3 years, and the occurrence rate was 18.29%. There is no significant non-linear or linear relationship between diastolic blood pressure and MACE events. There is a curvilinear relationship between the average systolic blood pressure within 24 hours of patients after PCI and MACE events within 3 years and the inflection point is 134. On the left side of the inflection point, the effect size and 95% CI are 1.22 and 1.04-1.43, respectively (P=0.017). The impact size and 95% CI at the right inflection point were 0.96 and 0.83-1.11, respectively (P=0.604). Conclusion: There is a non-linear relationship between systolic blood pressure and the occurrence of MACE events in 3 years, and its inflection point is 134mmHg. In the case of ensuring patient safety, we should control the patient's systolic blood pressure within 24 hours after surgery.

Autonomic Cardiovascular Dysregulation at Rest and During Stress in Chronically Low Blood Pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Duschek ◽  
Alexandra Hoffmann ◽  
Casandra I. Montoro ◽  
Gustavo A. Reyes del Paso
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Total Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Blood Pressure

Abstract. Chronic low blood pressure (hypotension) is accompanied by symptoms such as fatigue, reduced drive, faintness, dizziness, cold limbs, and concentration difficulties. The study explored the involvement of aberrances in autonomic cardiovascular control in the origin of this condition. In 40 hypotensive and 40 normotensive subjects, impedance cardiography, electrocardiography, and continuous blood pressure recordings were performed at rest and during stress induced by mental calculation. Parameters of cardiac sympathetic control (i.e., stroke volume, cardiac output, pre-ejection period, total peripheral resistance), parasympathetic control (i.e., heart rate variability), and baroreflex function (i.e., baroreflex sensitivity) were obtained. The hypotensive group exhibited markedly lower stroke volume, heart rate, and cardiac output, as well as higher pre-ejection period and baroreflex sensitivity than the control group. Hypotension was furthermore associated with a smaller blood pressure response during stress. No group differences arose in total peripheral resistance and heart rate variability. While reduced beta-adrenergic myocardial drive seems to constitute the principal feature of the autonomic impairment that characterizes chronic hypotension, baroreflex-related mechanisms may also contribute to this state. Insufficient organ perfusion due to reduced cardiac output and deficient cardiovascular adjustment to situational requirements may be involved in the manifestation of bodily and mental symptoms.

Effects of aging on 24-h dynamic baroreceptor control of heart rate in ambulant subjects

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. H1606-H1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Parati ◽  
A. Frattola ◽  
M. Di Rienzo ◽  
P. Castiglioni ◽  
A. Pedotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Effects Of Aging

The effects of aging on the dynamic modulation of baroreflex sensitivity over 24 h was assessed in eight elderly (mean age +/- SD, 63.9 +/- 3.2 yr) and in eight young (23.9 +/- 6.1 yr) mild or moderate essential hypertensive patients, who were subject to a 24-h intra-arterial (Oxford technique) blood pressure recording in ambulatory conditions. The sensitivity of baroreflex control of the heart rate was dynamically assessed by quantifying 1) the slope of the regression line between pulse interval (the reciprocal of heart rate) and systolic blood pressure changes over spontaneously occurring hypertension-bradycardia or hypotension-tachycardia sequences (time domain analysis) and 2) the ratio between spectral-powers of pulse interval and systolic blood pressure around 0.1 Hz (alpha-coefficient: frequency domain analysis). The 24-h average sequence slope was lower in old than in young individuals (4.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 9.9 +/- 1.3 and 4.8 +/- 0.7 vs. 8.4 +/- 1.4 ms/mmHg for hypertension-bradycardia and hypotension-tachycardia sequences, respectively; P < 0.05 for both). Similar results were obtained by using the alpha-coefficient approach. The marked nighttime increase in baroreflex sensitivity observed in young individuals was much less evident in the elderly. Thus 24-h baroreflex sensitivity is markedly impaired by aging. The impairment becomes manifest also as an inability to increase baroreflex sensitivity at night.

Smoking impairs baroreflex sensitivity in humans

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. H1555-H1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mancia ◽  
A. Groppelli ◽  
M. Di Rienzo ◽  
P. Castiglioni ◽  
G. Parati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Baroreceptor ◽  
Baroreceptor Stimulation ◽  
Finger Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Baroreceptor Stimulation

In 10 healthy smokers, finger blood pressure was recorded continuously for 1 h in a supine control condition and for 1 h while smoking four cigarettes, one every 15 min. Smoking increased average systolic blood pressure (+19%, P < 0.01) and its variability and reduced pulse interval (reciprocal of heart rate, -22%, P < 0.01) and its variability. Baroreflex sensitivity, as assessed by the slope of spontaneous hypertension/bradycardia or hypotension/tachycardia sequences and by the alpha-coefficient (squared ratio between pulse interval and systolic blood pressure spectral powers at 0.1 Hz) was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) during smoking, whereas there were no effects of smoking on the reflex changes in pulse interval induced by carotid baroreceptor stimulation through a neck suction device. Sham smoking by a drinking straw had no effects on any of the above parameters. Thus, when assessed in the absence of laboratory maneuvers in daily life conditions, baroreflex sensitivity is markedly impaired by smoking. This impairment may contribute to the smoking-induced increase in blood pressure and heart rate as well as to the concomitant alterations in their variability.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Jus Semangka Dan Jus Pepaya Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Kembaran 1 Banyumas

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Oka Regita Cahyani ◽  
Ikhsan Mujahid
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Watermelon Juice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In The Beginning

Objective:  To determine the effectiveness of watermelon juice and papaya juice on blood pressure in patients with hypertension at the Puskesmas (Public Health Care Center) Kembaran I Banyumas.Methods: This research uses quantitative methods with a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post group. The sample selection using a purposive sampling technique obtained 15 respondents in the watermelon juice group and 15 respondents in the papaya juice group. The statistical tests used are Paired t-test and independent t-testResults: The results of the study found that the average systolic blood pressure of the watermelon juice group was from 148.13 in the beginning to 138.93. The average diastolic blood pressure was 85.80 to 80.60. While the average systolic blood pressure of the papaya juice group was from 149.40 in the beginning to 145.67, the average diastolic blood pressure was from 84.20 to 80.80. There were significant differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after treatment in the watermelon juice and papaya juice groups with p0.05. There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of watermelon juice and papaya juice on the reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with p0.05.Conclusion: Watermelon juice is more effective than papaya juice for reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension at the Puskesmas Kembaran 1 Banyumas.

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