Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and renal response to exercise: a comparison of indomethacin and nabumetone

1999 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Vidiendal OLSEN ◽  
Niels Georg JENSEN ◽  
Jesper Melchior HANSEN ◽  
Niels Juel CHRISTENSEN ◽  
Niels FOGH-ANDERSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Renal Response ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Response To Exercise

Nabumetone, a newer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) which preferentially blocks cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity, may be less nephrotoxic than indomethacin. This study tested whether nabumetone has effects different from those of indomethacin on exercise-induced changes in renal function and the renin–aldosterone system. In a randomized fashion, ten subjects were studied after indomethacin (100 mg), nabumetone (1 g) or no medication (control) administered orally at 22.00 hours on the day before each study day, and again at 8.00 hours upon arrival at the laboratory. Renal function was studied at baseline, during graded 20-min exercise sessions at 25%, 50% and 75% of the maximal oxygen uptake rate, and subsequently during two 1-h recovery periods. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, cardiac output and plasma catecholamines at rest and during exercise were not altered by indomethacin or nabumetone. Indomethacin decreased urinary rates of excretion of 6-oxo-prostaglandin F1α (6-oxo-PGF1α) and thromboxane B2 in all study periods. Nabumetone decreased 6-oxo-PGF1α excretion during and after exercise. Excretion rates for PGE2 did not change. Neither indomethacin nor nabumetone changed baseline values or exercise-induced decreases in renal plasma flow or glomerular filtration rate. Indomethacin, but not nabumetone, decreased sodium excretion, urine flow rate and free water clearance. The renal response to exercise, however, remained unchanged. In contrast with nabumatone, indomethacin decreased the plasma renin concentration. Thus, during exercise, nabumetone may decrease the excretion of 6-oxo-PGF1α by inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase-1 or by inhibition of specific exercise-induced activation of cyclo-oxygenase-2, or both. None of the drugs changed the renal response to exercise. Inhibition by indomethacin of angiotensin II and thromboxane A2 synthesis may, during exercise, counterbalance renal vasoconstriction caused by blockade of vasodilatory prostaglandins.

Effects of human atrial natriuretic peptide on renal function and vasopressin release

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. R789-R794 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kimura ◽  
K. Abe ◽  
M. Shoji ◽  
K. Tsunoda ◽  
K. Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Vasopressin Release ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

To assess the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on the renal function, cardiovascular system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and vasopressin release, synthetic human ANP (alpha-hANP) was administered at a dose of 0.08 microgram X kg-1 X min-1 iv for 40 min into anesthetized dogs (n = 6). In the control study (n = 6), saline alone was infused. alpha-hANP brought about a significant increase in renal plasma flow, urinary Na and K output, urine flow, and osmolar clearance and a significant decrease in urinary osmolality, free water clearance, and filtration fraction (FF), with no changes in glomerular filtration rate. Plasma Na concentrations and osmolality did not change significantly, but plasma K concentrations fell progressively. Mean arterial blood pressure decreased without any changes in heart rate. Plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC), and plasma vasopressin concentrations did not rise, but rather PRA and PAC tended to fall during alpha-hANP infusion. In the control study, there were no changes in these parameters except a progressive fall in FF and plasma K concentrations. These results indicate that the alpha-hANP-induced increase in renal blood flow plays an important role in producing natriuresis, but vasopressin may not be involved in the process of diuresis.

scholarly journals Diclofenac-induced biochemical changes in nephrotoxicity among male Albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Sivaraj R. ◽  
Umarani S.
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with adverse renal effects caused by the reduction in synthesis of renal prostaglandins in sensitive persons or animal species, and potentially during long-term use in non-sensitive persons if resistance to side effects decreases with age. The effects of diclofenac sodium on the kidneys were studied during 4 1/2 hours in eight patients with normal renal function. Urinary output decreased within 10 min after the injection, and maximally by 80%. The renal plasma flow and the glomerular filtration rate initially diminished significantly, by 35%, but began to increase after only 2 hours. The dominant and persistent effect was a reduction of free water clearance, with maximum fall from 5.9 to 0.08ml/min after 2 1/2 hours. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diclofenac-induced acute nephrotoxicity using biochemical parameters in rats.Methods: 12 male Wistar rats allotted in 4 equal groups were intraperitoneally injected with 0, 10, 50 and 100mg/kg diclofenac, respectively and 12 hours after injection, blood serum samples were collected for assessment of basic renal function test parameters such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid, sodium, Potassium.Results: Rats treated up to 50mg/kg diclofenac were considered to be within normal range in rats. By increase in dose more than 50mg/kg showed significant increases in uremia were evidenced in intoxicated animals. Observed specifically in group IV Rats.Conclusions: In this study, uremia, as an indicator of kidney damage, was significantly increased depending on dose. Diclofenac may cause kidney damage depending on dose and this effect may also be observed. NSAIDs-induced nephrotoxicity may be due to the inhibitory effect of these drugs on prostaglandin synthesis, thus causing kidney ischemia.

Renal and humoral responses to sustained cardiopulmonary baroreceptor deactivation in humans

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (3) ◽  
pp. R642-R648 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Miller ◽  
J. S. Floras ◽  
K. L. Skorecki ◽  
L. M. Blendis ◽  
A. G. Logan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Body Negative Pressure ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Baroreflex ◽  
Water Clearance

The renal and neurohumoral effects of prolonged cardiopulmonary baroreflex unloading and the relationship of these changes to urinary sodium excretion have not been well documented in humans. In this study, 12 normal males underwent lower body negative pressure at -15 mmHg for 90 min, a maneuver that deactivates cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), and filtration fraction (FF) were measured in eight of these subjects using inulin and p-aminohippuric acid clearance techniques. During reduction of central venous pressure, arterial blood pressure and heart rate did not change. Plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) decreased markedly (22 +/- 2 to 12 +/- 1 pg/ml, P = 0.0001) as did the second messenger of ANF's biological action, guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, whereas renin and vasopressin were not significantly altered. There was a significant rise in plasma norepinephrine (1.6 +/- 0.2 to 2.4 +/- 0.4 nmol/l, P = 0.03). GFR (104 +/- 9 to 68 +/- 6 ml/min, P = 0.007) and FF (0.18 +/- 0.01 to 0.14 +/- 0.01, P = 0.007) decreased significantly, with maintenance of ERPF. There was a significant antinatriuresis without an antikaliuresis and a significant reduction in free water clearance. These changes in renal hemodynamics are unlike the known effects of renal vasoconstrictors, and the alterations in solute and free water clearance are consistent with the removal of the known actions of ANF from tubular target sites. Taken together, our findings suggest that a mechanism other than activation of vasoconstrictors, possibly the diminution of the influence of ANF on the kidney, may be operative in the renal adjustments to cardiopulmonary baroreflex deactivation in humans.

Effects of a physiological dose of ANP on renal function in dogs

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (5) ◽  
pp. F907-F910
Author(s):  
R. O. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Flow Probe ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Physiological Dose ◽  
Arterial Plasma ◽  
Stabilization Period ◽  
Clearance Methods

The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of a physiological dose (1.0 ng.kg-1.min-1 into the renal artery) of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP, 8-33) on renal function in anesthetized mongrel dogs. Left renal blood flow (RBF) was measured with a flow probe and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using both clearance and renal extraction methodologies. After a 60- to 90-min stabilization period and collection of two 5-min control clearances, ANP was infused for 20 min, with four 5-min clearances performed. The increase in ANP concentration in renal arterial plasma (calculated from the ANP infusion rate and the renal plasma flow) was 212 +/- 9 (SE) pg/ml. During each experimental period there was a saliuresis and diuresis, an increase in the reabsorption of solute-free water, and an increase in the creatinine clearance; mean arterial blood pressure and the GFR, calculated from extaction data, were unaffected by ANP.RBF was 3.28 +/- 0.21 during control and 3.03 +/- 0.22 ml.min-1.g-1 at 20 min during ANP infusion (P less than 0.01). These data demonstrate that a physiological dose of ANP is natriuretic and diuretic, causes a modest decrease in RBF without affecting the GFR, and causes a condition in which clearance methods can overestimate the GFR.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF IONOREGULATORY RENAL FUNCTION OF RATS IN THE DYNAMICS OF EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS DEVELOPMENT WITH UNDERLYING PHARMACOLOGICAL BLOCADE OF RENIN-ANGIOTENSINALDOSTERONE SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
О.А. Olenovych
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate ◽  
Pharmacological Blockade

The aim of the study – to explore the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosteronesystem (RAAS) in the disturbance of ionoregulatory renal function in alloxan-inducedexperimental diabetes mellitus (EDM).Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 78 white non-linearmature male rats with 11-, 26- and 46-day long alloxan-induced EDM with underlyingpharmacological blockade of RAAS by administration of kaptopril. The study ofionoregulating function of the kidneys was provided by the clearance method under thecondition of water 2-hour diuresis.Results. Pharmacological blockade of RAAS in rats with alloxan-induced EDM causedan intensification of natriuresis at all stages of the experiment: increased urinaryconcentration of sodium ions, its excretion and clearance. On the 11th day of EDM, thesodium filtration charge increased with the development of hyponatremia, proximal anddistal sodium reabsorption standardized in volume of glomerular filtrate (GF) decreased,kaliuresis was suppressed, and sodium-free water clearance elevated. In case of 26-daylong EDM, the sodium filtration charge decreased, its absolute and relative reabsorption,the distal sodium reabsorption standardized by GF increased. Kaliuresis increased. In46-day long EDM, the sodium filtration charge decreased, and hyponatremia enhanced.Absolute and relative sodium reabsorption reduced due to both – proximal and distal.Kaliuresis augmented, the clearance of sodium-free water declined.Conclusions. The increase in urinary sodium loss during the 11-day EDM is stipulatedby glomerular hyperfiltration, causing a functional weakening of the tubulotubularbalance and relative dysfunction of the distal segment of the nephron, emphasizing therenoprotective effect of RAAS on ionoregulatory function of the kidneys. The decrease inthe total reabsorption potential of the tubular segment of the nephron in the dynamics ofEDM development reflects on the proximal tubules, and preserved tubulotubular balancecertifies functional intactness of the distal tubules in 26-day long EDM. RAAS pathologicalactivation and attenuation of the renal blood flow autoregulation by tubuloglomerularfeedback may serve as an initiating factor in the development of tubular disorders in 26-day long alloxan diabetes with following progression in 46-day long EDM.

Contralateral renal function after unilateral renal vein ligation

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (5) ◽  
pp. 1093-1096
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Perlmutt
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Vein ◽  
Left Renal Vein ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
The Right

The effect of increased pressure in one kidney, produced by ligation of its vein, on contralateral renal function was investigated in eight anesthetized dogs. Kidney function was determined under the same experimental conditions in five dogs, but without renal vein ligation. For the latter group, renal function, on the average, remained reasonably stable. After left renal vein ligation, findings for the right kidney were as follows: a) decreased urine flow, amounting maximally to 9.5–41.4% of control flows; b) slight increase of questionable significance in creatinine clearance; c) inconstant changes in PAH clearance; d) increase in urine osmolality to hypertonic values; e) decrease in solute-free water clearance; f) slight rise of questionable significance in total solute clearance; and g) either no change or inconstant changes in excretion rates Na+ and K+. The data indicate that the oliguria resulted solely from increased renal tubular reabsorption of water, suggesting liberation of antidiuretic hormone as the possible mechanism. Direct nervous influences on tubular reabsorption of water cannot, however, be presently ruled out.

Effect of acute unilateral renal denervation on tubular sodium reabsorption in the dog

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (1) ◽  
pp. F16-F19
Author(s):  
G. Nomura ◽  
T. Takabatake ◽  
S. Arai ◽  
D. Uno ◽  
M. Shimao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Denervation ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Distal Nephron ◽  
Water Diuresis ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Tubular Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

The effects of acute denervation of the kidney on renal tubular sodium and water excretion were studied in anesthetized, hypophysectomized, and cortisone-treated mongrel dogs during stable water diuresis produced by the infusion of 2.5% dextrose. In all experiments, denervation natriuresis, and diuresis were observed without significant change in glomerular filtration rate (GRF) and renal plasma flow (RPF). Fractional sodium delivery to the distal nephron (CNa + CH2O/100 ml GFR) and fractional free water clearance (CH23/100 ml GFR) was significantly greater in the denervated kidney compared with the innervated kidney (9.6+/-1.2 vs. 6.7+/-0.9% and 8.8+/-1.2 vs. 6.5+/-0.8%, respectively). Distal tubular sodium reabsorption (CH2O/(CNa + CH2O)) was not significantly different. We conclude that renal denervation primarily affects the proximal tubule as manifested by a decrease in the reabsorption of sodium and water. A small effect of denervation on the distal nephron is not completely ruled out.

Ovine fetal renal and hormonal responses to changes in plasma epinephrine

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (1) ◽  
pp. R82-R89
Author(s):  
M. G. Ervin ◽  
R. Castro ◽  
D. J. Sherman ◽  
M. G. Ross ◽  
J. F. Padbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Plasma Epinephrine ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Fetal Plasma

Circulating epinephrine alters atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, and all three hormones influence renal function. To quantify the relationships among fetal plasma epinephrine levels, fetal ANF and AVP secretion, and fetal renal function, six chronically catheterized fetal lambs (132 +/- 1 days gestation) received successive 40-min epinephrine infusions (0.1, 0.4, and 1.8 micrograms.min-1.kg-1). The second epinephrine infusion dose evoked significant increases in urine flow (V; 0.7 +/- 0.2 to 1.2 +/- 0.2 ml/min), free water clearance (CH2O; 0.3 +/- 0.1 to 0.7 +/- 0.1 ml/min), glomerular filtration rate (GFR; 3.9 +/- 0.7 to 5.4 +/- 0.8 ml/min), fractional water excretion (V/CH2O; 19 +/- 3 to 25 +/- 2%), mean arterial pressure (MAP; 45 +/- 3 to 51 +/- 4 mmHg), and a 94% increase in plasma ANF levels. A fourfold increase in the infusion dose significantly increased osmolar clearance (0.3 +/- 0.1 to 0.6 +/- 0.1 ml/min), sodium excretion (28 +/- 8 to 53 +/- 13 mueq/min), and plasma AVP levels (2.4 +/- 0.5 to 6.4 +/- 2.4 pg/ml) with no additional effect on V, CH2O, GFR, V/GFR, MAP, or plasma ANF levels. Urine osmolality and fractional sodium excretion did not change in response to epinephrine infusion. Our results demonstrate that epinephrine infusion stimulates fetal ANF secretion and to a lesser extent AVP secretion and significantly influences fetal renal function.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and renal response to exercise: a comparison of indomethacin and nabumetone

1999 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Vidiendal OLSEN ◽  
Niels Georg JENSEN ◽  
Jesper Melchior HANSEN ◽  
Niels Juel CHRISTENSEN ◽  
Niels FOGH-ANDERSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Response ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Response To Exercise

Alteration of renal function of rats following spaceflight

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (4) ◽  
pp. R1058-R1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Wade ◽  
Emily Morey-Holton
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Flight Controls ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Solute Excretion ◽  
Water Clearance

Following spaceflight, changes in renal function of humans have been suggested. To assess the effects of readaptation on renal function, urine was collected from male rats (∼245 g) over a 2-wk period following a 14-day spaceflight. Rats were assigned to three groups: flight animals ( n = 6), flight controls ( n = 6) housed in the flight cages on the ground, and vivarium controls ( n = 5) housed in standard shoe box cages. Animals were placed into individual metabolic cages for urine collection. Urine output was significantly increased for 3 days following flight. Excretion rates of Na+ and K+ were increased, resulting in an increased osmotic excretion rate. Creatinine excretion rate increased over the first two postflight days. Glomerular filtration rate increased immediately following spaceflight without changes in plasma creatinine, Na+, K+, or osmolality. Increased excretion of solute was thus the result of increased delivery and a decreased percent reabsorption of the filtered load. Osmolal clearance was increased immediately postflight while free water clearance was decreased. In growing rats, the diuresis after short-duration spaceflight is the result of an increase in solute excretion with an accompanying reduction in free water clearance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document