Coronary flow responses to exercise training: further evidence of the benefit of an underutilized therapeutic modality

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-266
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Marwick
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Flow Reserve

Inactivity is associated with endothelial dysfunction and the development of cardiovascular disease. Exercise training has a favourable effect in the management of hypertension, heart failure and ischaemic heart disease. These beneficial effects are probably mediated through improvements of vascular function and, in this issue of Clinical Science, Hägg and co-authors propose a coronary artery effect. The use of a Doppler technique for non-invasive assessment of coronary flow reserve in a small animal model is an exciting aspect of this study. If feasible in the hands of other investigators, the availability of sequential coronary flow measurements in animal models may help improve our understanding of the mechanisms of disorders of the coronary circulation.

Evaluation of vascular function by modern non-invasive methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (48) ◽  
pp. 1887-1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Nemes ◽  
Tamás Forster
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Coronary Flow Reserve ◽  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Myocardial Flow

Vascular functional alterations frequently precede morphological changes and, therefore, their recognition may theoretically improve early detection of vascular injury. The aim of this review is to demonstrate recently available non-invasive clinical methods including vascular stiffness examinations, flow-mediated vasodilatation, coronary flow reserve and myocardial flow reserve measurements. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1887–1895.

scholarly journals Effects of heat-not-burn compared to combustible cigarettes on coronary flow, myocardial work index and vascular function

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ikonomidis ◽  
K Katogiannis ◽  
D Vlastos ◽  
G Kostelli ◽  
K Kourea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Work Index ◽  
Chronic Study

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Aim/Introduction: Heat-not-burn cigarette (HNBC) constitutes a non-combustible smoke product. Purpose We compare the effects of heat-not-burn and conventional cigarettes on coronary flow, myocardial and vascular function, platelet activation and oxidative stress. Methods We compared the effects of HNBC to those of tobacco cigarette (TCig), on arterial stiffness, oxidative stress, and platelet activation, acutely and after 1 month of switching to HNBC, as well as on endothelial, myocardial, and coronary function after 1 month of switching to HNBC. In the acute study, 50 smokers were randomized into smoking a single Tcig or an HNBC and after 60 minutes were crossed over to the alternate smoking (HNBC or Tcig). For the chronic phase, 75 smokers were examined. Of those, 50 were switched to HNBC and 25 continued Tcig for 1 month. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2)] were assessed in the acute and chronic study. Myocardial deformation [global longitundinal strain (GLS), myocardial work index (GWI) and wasted myocardial work (GWW)], coronary flow reserve (CFR) by Doppler echocardiography, total arterial compliance (TAC), and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were additionally assessed in the chronic study. Results Compared to baseline, TCig smoking acutely increased exhaled CO, PWV, MDA, and TxB2 (p < 0.05), while no changes were observed after HNBC. Compared to resuming Tcig smoking, switching to HNBC for 1 month improved CO (mean change: -55% vs -2.4%), FMD ( +55% vs +15%), CFR (+46% vs +4%), TAC (+9% vs -0.5%), GLS (+6% vs +1%), GWW (-19% vs +0.5%), MDA (-19% vs 1 %), and TxB2 (-12% vs 4%) (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusions HNBCs exert a less detrimental effect on vascular, cardiac and platelet function than combustible tobacco.

P940Effects of IQOS smoking on vascular function, coronary flow reserve, myocardial deformation and myocardial work index during one month of use

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ikonomidis ◽  
K Katogiannis ◽  
K Kourea ◽  
G Kostelli ◽  
D Vlastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Flow Reserve ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Myocardial Strain ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Myocardial Deformation ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Work Index

Abstract Background IQOS smoking (heat-no burn smoke product) is proposed to reduce harm compared to conventional smoking. We examined its effects on vascular function, myocardial deformation and ventricular arterial coupling. Methods Thirty-seven current smokers (mean age 48±5 years, >20 cigarettes /day) without cardiovascular disease and 20 healthy subjects with similar age sex and risk factors participated in the study. All subjects were instructed to smoke only IQOS for one month. Measurements were performed at baseline and 1 month after smoking IQOS. we measured a) the aortic PWV (PWV) and central aortic systole blood pressure (SBPc) by Complior; b) the exhaled CO level (parts per million-ppm) as a smoking status marker; and c) brachial systolic (SBP)and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and heart rate (HR) a) flow mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery b) coronary flow reserve (CFR) after adenosine infusion by Doppler echocardiography and c) global longitundinal strain (GLS) peak twisting and untwisting velocity and myocardial work index derived by pressure –myocardial strain loops by speckle tracking imaging PWV to GLS ratio was also used as a marker of ventricular arterial coupling Results At baseline exhaled CO, PWV, SBPc, FMD, PWV/GLS ratio, myocardial work index and peak untwisting velocity were higher and CFR was lower in smokers compared to controls (14.9±7 vs. 4.2±1 ppm, p<0.001, 8.7±1.4 vs 10.0±1.6 m/s, p<0.05; 118±16 vs 110±7 mmHg p<0.001, 6.9±2 vs 9.5±2% p<0.001, −0.61±0.21 vs. −0.45±0.11 m/sec%, p<0.001, 1926±284 vs 1826±300 mmHg% p=0.04, −122±36 vs −95±25 deg/sec, p=0.02, 2.5±0.9 vs. 3.1±0.8 p=0.001 respectively). In the chronic phase we observed a significant improvement of FMD, CFR, GLS, PWV/GLS, myocardial work index and peak untwisting velocity compared to baseline (12±2% vs. 6.9±2%, p=0.03; 3.2±0.6 vs. 2.5±0.9 p=0.001; −19.3±2.2% vs. −21.1±2.8%, p=0.001; −0.61±0.21 vs. −0.47±0.12 m/sec% p=0.03; 1926±284 vs 1830±343 mmHg% p=0.03, −122±36 vs −105±25 deg/sec, p=0.03, respectively) in parallel with reduction of the exhaled CO (14.9±7 vs. 6±4.9 ppm, p<0.001). HR remained unchanged throughout the study and there was a borderline reduction of central aortic systolic blood pressure (118±16 vs. 114±19 mmHg, p=0.048). Conclusions Replacement of conventional cigarettes with IQOS results in improved LV longitundinal myocardial deformation, LV untwisting and reduced LV myocardial work index possibly linked to the concomitant improvement of aortic elasticity, endothelial and coronary microcirculatory function and ventricular-arterial coupling within 1 month.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN FRAILTY AND NON-INVASIVE CORONARY FLOW RESERVE: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2541
Author(s):  
Amjad M. Ahmed ◽  
Ihab Sulaiman ◽  
Mousa Alfaris ◽  
Dalia Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Aljizeeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Flow Reserve ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Flow Reserve

Cardiovascular function

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren E.R. Warburton ◽  
Lindsay Nettlefold ◽  
K. Ashlee McGuire ◽  
Shannon S.D. Bredin
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Health Related

The physiological adaptations to exercise training have been evaluated extensively in children and youth. In particular, considerable research has examined the changes in cardiovascular function that occur with aerobic exercise training. Various indicators of cardiovascular function have been assessed at rest and during exercise. Many of these measures have important implications from performance and health-related perspectives. Owing to the importance of oxygen (O2) transport for human performance and health, this chapter reviews comprehensively the varied non-invasive and invasive methods of assessing cardiac function including an in-depth evaluation of the limitations and strengths of each methodology. Specific reference is given to the applicability and ease of usage of each technology with young people. This chapter also deals extensively with the evaluation of cardiovascular regulation and vascular function owing to their role in optimal exercise performance and health.

scholarly journals 152 Determinants of non invasive coronary flow reserve in severe aortic stenosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Patrick Meimoun ◽  
Anne Laure Germain ◽  
Frederic Elmkies ◽  
Tahar Benali ◽  
Jacques Boulanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Coronary Flow Reserve ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Severe Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Flow Reserve
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