scholarly journals Concatenation of the Moving Window Technique for Auditory-Perceptual Analysis of Voice Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1426-1433
Author(s):  
Benjamin Ehrlich ◽  
Liyu Lin ◽  
Jack Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Moving Window ◽  
Perceptual Analysis ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Window Method ◽  
Window Technique ◽  
Pathological Voice ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a program to concatenate acoustic vowel segments that were selected with the moving window technique, a previously developed technique used to segment and select the least perturbed segment from a sustained vowel segment. The concatenated acoustic segments were compared with the nonconcatenated, short, individual acoustic segments for their ability to differentiate normal and pathological voices. The concatenation process sometimes created a clicking noise or beat, which was also analyzed to determine any confounding effects. Method A program was developed to concatenate the moving window segments. Listeners with no previous rating experience were trained and, then, rated 20 normal and 20 pathological voice segments, both concatenated (2 s) and short (0.2 s) for a total of 80 segments. Listeners evaluated these segments on both the Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain scale (GRBAS; 8 listeners) and the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (Kempster, Gerratt, Abbott, Barkmeier-Kraemer, & Hillman, 2009) scale (7 listeners). The sensitivity and specificity of these ratings were analyzed using a receiver-operating characteristic curve. To evaluate if there were increases in particular criteria due to the beat, differences between beat and nonbeat ratings were compared using a 2-tailed analysis of variance. Results Concatenated segments had a higher sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing pathological and normal voices than short segments. Compared with nonbeat segments, the beat had statistically similar increases for all criteria across Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice and GRBAS scales, except pitch and loudness. Conclusions The concatenated moving window method showed improved sensitivity and specificity for detecting voice disorders using auditory-perceptual analysis, compared with the short moving window segment. It is a helpful tool for perceptual analytic protocols, allowing for voice evaluation using standardized and automated voice-segmenting procedures. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7100951

scholarly journals Evaluation on the Diagnostic Efficiency of Different Methods in Detecting COVID-19.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Yang ◽  
Yuzhu Lan ◽  
Xiujuan Yao ◽  
Sheng Lin ◽  
Baosong Xie
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of different methods in detecting COVID-19.Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched for identifing eligible articles. All data were calculated utilizing Meta Disc 1.4, Revman 5.3.2 and Stata 12. The diagnostic efficiency was assessed via these indicators including summary sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative LR (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), summary receiver operating characteristic curve (sROC) and calculate the AUC. Results: 18 articles (3648 cases) were included. EPlex: pooled sensitivity was 0.94; specificity 1.0; PLR 90.91; NLR 0.07; DOR 1409.49; AUC=0.9979, Q*=0.9840. Panther Fusion: pooled sensitivity was 0.99; specificity 0.98; PLR 42.46; NLR 0.02; DOR 2300.38; AUC=0.9970, Q*=0.9799. Simplexa: pooled sensitivity was 1.0; specificity 0.97; PLR 26.67; NLR 0.01; DOR 3100.93; AUC=0.9970, Q*=0.9800. Cobas®: pooled sensitivity was 0.99; specificity 0.96; PLR 37.82; NLR 0.02; DOR 3754.05; AUC=0.9973, Q*=0.9810. RT-LAMP: pooled sensitivity was 0.98; specificity 0.99; PLR 36.22; NLR 0.04; DOR 751.24; AUC=0.9905, Q*=0.9596. Xpert Xpress: pooled sensitivity was 0.99; specificity 0.97; PLR 27.44; NLR 0.01; DOR 3488.15; AUC=0.9977, Q*=0.9829.Conclusions: These methods (ePlex, Panther Fusion, Simplexa, Cobas®, RT-LAMP and Xpert Xpress) bear higher sensitivity and specificity, and might be efficient methods complement to the gold standard.

scholarly journals Evaluation on the diagnostic efficiency of different methods in detecting COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Yang ◽  
Yuzhu Lan ◽  
Xiujuan Yao ◽  
Sheng Lin ◽  
Baosong Xie
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of different methods in detecting COVID-19 to provide preliminary evidence on choosing favourable method for COVID-19 detection.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched for identifing eligible articles. All data were calculated utilizing Meta Disc 1.4, Revman 5.3.2 and Stata 12. The diagnostic efficiency was assessed via these indicators including summary sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative LR (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), summary receiver operating characteristic curve (sROC) and calculate the AUC.Results18 articles (3648 cases) were included. The results showed no significant threshold exist. EPlex: pooled sensitivity was 0.94; specificity was 1.0; PLR was 90.91; NLR was 0.07; DOR was 1409.49; AUC=0.9979, Q*=0.9840. Panther Fusion: pooled sensitivity was 0.99; specificity was 0.98; PLR was 42.46; NLR was 0.02; DOR was 2300.38; AUC=0.9970, Q*=0.9799. Simplexa: pooled sensitivity was 1.0; specificity was 0.97; PLR was 26.67; NLR was 0.01; DOR was 3100.93; AUC=0.9970, Q*=0.9800. Cobas®: pooled sensitivity was 0.99; specificity was 0.96; PLR was 37.82; NLR was 0.02; DOR was 3754.05; AUC=0.9973, Q*=0.9810. RT-LAMP: pooled sensitivity was 0.98; specificity was 0.99; PLR was 36.22; NLR was 0.04; DOR was 751.24; AUC=0.9905, Q*=0.9596. Xpert Xpress: pooled sensitivity was 0.99; specificity was 0.97; PLR was 27.44; NLR was 0.01; DOR was 3488.15; AUC=0.9977, Q*=0.9829.ConclusionsThese methods (ePlex, Panther Fusion, Simplexa, Cobas®, RT-LAMP and Xpert Xpress) bear higher sensitivity and specificity, and might be efficient methods complement to the gold standard.

Perceptual evaluation of pathological voice quality: A comparative analysis between the RASATI and GRBASI scales

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Juliana Yamauchi ◽  
Satoshi Imaizumi ◽  
Hagino Maruyama ◽  
Tomoyuki Haji
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Pathological Voice

Cultural and Linguistic Adaptation of the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) Into Hindi

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 3974-3981
Author(s):  
Ashwini Joshi ◽  
Isha Baheti ◽  
Vrushali Angadi
Keyword(s):  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Voice Assessment ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Severity Grade ◽  
Normal Voice ◽  
Group A

Aim The purpose of this study was to develop and assess the reliability of a Hindi version of the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V). Reliability was assessed by comparing Hindi CAPE-V ratings with English CAPE-V ratings and by the Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia and Strain (GRBAS) scale. Method Hindi sentences were created to match the phonemic load of the corresponding English CAPE-V sentences. The Hindi sentences were adapted for linguistic content. The original English and adapted Hindi CAPE-V and GRBAS were completed for 33 bilingual individuals with normal voice quality. Additionally, the Hindi CAPE-V and GRBAS were completed for 13 Hindi speakers with disordered voice quality. The agreement of CAPE-V ratings was assessed between language versions, GRBAS ratings, and two rater pairs (three raters in total). Pearson product–moment correlation was completed for all comparisons. Results A strong correlation ( r > .8, p < .01) was found between the Hindi CAPE-V scores and the English CAPE-V scores for most variables in normal voice participants. A weak correlation was found for the variable of strain ( r < .2, p = .400) in the normative group. A strong correlation ( r > .6, p < .01) was found between the overall severity/grade, roughness, and breathiness scores in the GRBAS scale and the CAPE-V scale in normal and disordered voice samples. Significant interrater reliability ( r > .75) was present in overall severity and breathiness. Conclusions The Hindi version of the CAPE-V demonstrates good interrater reliability and concurrent validity with the English CAPE-V and the GRBAS. The Hindi CAPE-V can be used for the auditory-perceptual voice assessment of Hindi speakers.

Skin perfusion pressure for predicting access-related hand ischemia following arteriovenous fistula surgery based on the brachial artery

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982199398
Author(s):  
Miju Bae ◽  
Sung Woon Chung ◽  
Chung Won Lee ◽  
Up Huh ◽  
Moran Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Skin Perfusion ◽  
Hand Ischemia ◽  
Skin Perfusion Pressure

Background: Access-related hand ischemia (ARHI) is a major complication of arteriovenous fistula (AVF). This study aimed to assess the predictive efficacy of skin perfusion pressure (SPP) measurement for ARHI by examining the relationship between SPP and ARHI development and progression after AVF surgery. Methods: Twenty-five patients (16 men and 9 women) who underwent AVF surgery based on the brachial artery between January 2018 and December 2018 were included. The pre- and postoperative SPP values were measured on the day of surgery. ARHI occurrence and severity were measured within 3 days and at 6 months after surgery. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the prediction model of ARHI, and the cutoff points for the calculated coefficients were determined. Results: There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of immediate ARHI and the SPP gradient ( p = 0.024). An SPP gradient value >50 mmHg had sensitivity and specificity values of 53.85% and 91.67%, respectively, in predicting the occurrence of immediate ARHI. A postoperative SPP <48 mmHg was significantly correlated with the occurrence of 6-month ARHI ( p = 0.005), with sensitivity and specificity values of 71.43% and 83.33%, respectively. Conclusion: The SPP gradient and postoperative SPP values may be effective clinical predictors of ARHI occurring immediately and 6 months after surgery, respectively, with high specificity. These findings could allow clinicians to diagnose and begin early interventions to help prevent ischemic tissue damage in hemodialysis patients following AVF surgery.

Measuring Vocal Fatigue in Sports Coaches

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Kathy Connaughton ◽  
Irena Yanushevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Voice Change ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Coaching Session ◽  
Sports Coaches ◽  
Voice Use

Objective: This study explores the immediate impact of prolonged voice use by professional sports coaches. Method: Speech samples including sustained phonation of vowel /a/ and a short read passage were collected from two professional sports coaches. The audio recordings were made within an hour before and after a coaching session, over three sessions. Perceptual evaluation of voice quality was done using the GRBAS scale. The speech samples were subsequently analyzed using Praat. The acoustic measures included fundamental frequency (f0), jitter, shimmer, Harmonics-to-Noise ratio and Cepstral Peak Prominence. Main results: The results of perceptual and acoustic analysis suggest a slight shift towards a tenser phonation post-coaching session, which is a likely consequence of laryngeal muscle adaptation to prolonged voice use. This tendency was similar in sustained vowels and connected speech. Conclusion: Acoustic measures used in this study can be useful to capture the voice change post-coaching session. It is desirable, however, that more sophisticated and robust and at the same time intuitive and easy-to-use tools for voice assessment and monitoring be made available to clinicians and professional voice users.

scholarly journals Random Material Property Fields of 3D Concrete Microstructures Based on CT Image Reconstruction

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1423
Author(s):  
George Stefanou ◽  
Dimitrios Savvas ◽  
Panagiotis Metsis
Keyword(s):  
Random Fields ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Concrete Specimen ◽  
Elasticity Tensor ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Moving Window ◽  
Window Method ◽  
Ct Image Reconstruction ◽  
Random Material Property ◽  
Spatially Varying

The purpose of this paper is to determine the random spatially varying elastic properties of concrete at various scales taking into account its highly heterogeneous microstructure. The reconstruction of concrete microstructure is based on computed tomography (CT) images of a cubic concrete specimen. The variability of the local volume fraction of the constituents (pores, cement paste and aggregates) is quantified and mesoscale random fields of the elasticity tensor are computed from a number of statistical volume elements obtained by applying the moving window method on the specimen along with computational homogenization. Based on the statistical characteristics of the mesoscale random fields, it is possible to assess the effect of randomness in microstructure on the mechanical behavior of concrete.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Voice Therapy Protocols

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara R. Kapsner-Smith ◽  
Eric J. Hunter ◽  
Kimberly Kirkham ◽  
Karin Cox ◽  
Ingo R. Titze
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Voice Handicap Index ◽  
Voice Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Therapy Program

PurposeAlthough there is a long history of use of semi-occluded vocal tract gestures in voice therapy, including phonation through thin tubes or straws, the efficacy of phonation through tubes has not been established. This study compares results from a therapy program on the basis of phonation through a flow-resistant tube (FRT) with Vocal Function Exercises (VFE), an established set of exercises that utilize oral semi-occlusions.MethodTwenty subjects (16 women, 4 men) with dysphonia and/or vocal fatigue were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment conditions: (a) immediate FRT therapy, (b) immediate VFE therapy, (c) delayed FRT therapy, or (d) delayed VFE therapy. Subjects receiving delayed therapy served as a no-treatment control group.ResultsVoice Handicap Index (Jacobson et al., 1997) scores showed significant improvement for both treatment groups relative to the no-treatment group. Comparison of the effect sizes suggests FRT therapy is noninferior to VFE in terms of reduction in Voice Handicap Index scores. Significant reductions in Roughness on the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (Kempster, Gerratt, Verdolini Abbott, Barkmeier-Kraemer, & Hillman, 2009) were found for the FRT subjects, with no other significant voice quality findings.ConclusionsVFE and FRT therapy may improve voice quality of life in some individuals with dysphonia. FRT therapy was noninferior to VFE in improving voice quality of life in this study.

scholarly journals Detection of Microcalcifications in Spiral Breast Computed Tomography with Photon-Counting Detector Is Feasible: A Specimen Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Matthias Wetzl ◽  
Evelyn Wenkel ◽  
Eva Balbach ◽  
Ebba Dethlefsen ◽  
Arndt Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Breast Biopsy ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Diagnostic Confidence ◽  
Voxel Size ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Smooth Kernel ◽  
Higher Sensitivity ◽  
Breast Computed Tomography

The primary objective of the study was to compare a spiral breast computed tomography system (SBCT) to digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for the detection of microcalcifications (MCs) in breast specimens. The secondary objective was to compare various reconstruction modes in SBCT. In total, 54 breast biopsy specimens were examined with mammography as a standard reference, with DBT, and with a dedicated SBCT containing a photon-counting detector. Three different reconstruction modes were applied for SBCT datasets (Recon1 = voxel size (0.15 mm)3, smooth kernel; Recon2 = voxel size (0.05 mm)3, smooth kernel; Recon3 = voxel size (0.05 mm)3, sharp kernel). Sensitivity and specificity of DBT and SBCT for the detection of suspicious MCs were analyzed, and the McNemar test was used for comparisons. Diagnostic confidence of the two readers (Likert Scale 1 = not confident; 5 = completely confident) was analyzed with ANOVA. Regarding detection of MCs, reader 1 had a higher sensitivity for DBT (94.3%) and Recon2 (94.9%) compared to Recon1 (88.5%; p < 0.05), while sensitivity for Recon3 was 92.4%. Respectively, reader 2 had a higher sensitivity for DBT (93.0%), Recon2 (92.4%), and Recon3 (93.0%) compared to Recon1 (86.0%; p < 0.05). Specificities ranged from 84.7–94.9% for both readers (p > 0.05). The diagnostic confidence of reader 1 was better with SBCT than with DBT (DBT 4.48 ± 0.88, Recon1 4.77 ± 0.66, Recon2 4.89 ± 0.44, and Recon3 4.75 ± 0.72; DBT vs. Recon1/2/3: p < 0.05), while reader 2 found no differences. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MCs in breast specimens is equal for DBT and SBCT when a small voxel size of (0.05 mm)3 is used with an equal or better diagnostic confidence for SBCT compared to DBT.

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