scholarly journals Age Effects on Neural Representation and Perception of Silence Duration Cues in Speech

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4S) ◽  
pp. 1099-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Roque ◽  
Casey Gaskins ◽  
Sandra Gordon-Salant ◽  
Matthew J. Goupell ◽  
Samira Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Purpose Degraded temporal processing associated with aging may be a contributing factor to older adults' hearing difficulties, especially in adverse listening environments. This degraded processing may affect the ability to distinguish between words based on temporal duration cues. The current study investigates the effects of aging and hearing loss on cortical and subcortical representation of temporal speech components and on the perception of silent interval duration cues in speech. Method Identification functions for the words DISH and DITCH were obtained on a 7-step continuum of silence duration (0–60 ms) prior to the final fricative in participants who are younger with normal hearing (YNH), older with normal hearing (ONH), and older with hearing impairment (OHI). Frequency-following responses and cortical auditory-evoked potentials were recorded to the 2 end points of the continuum. Auditory brainstem responses to clicks were obtained to verify neural integrity and to compare group differences in auditory nerve function. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the peripheral or central factors that contributed to perceptual performance. Results ONH and OHI participants required longer silence durations to identify DITCH than did YNH participants. Frequency-following responses showed reduced phase locking and poorer morphology, and cortical auditory-evoked potentials showed prolonged latencies in ONH and OHI participants compared with YNH participants. No group differences were noted for auditory brainstem response Wave I amplitude or Wave V/I ratio. After accounting for the possible effects of hearing loss, linear regression analysis revealed that both midbrain and cortical processing contributed to the variance in the DISH–DITCH perceptual identification functions. Conclusions These results suggest that age-related deficits in the ability to encode silence duration cues may be a contributing factor in degraded speech perception. In particular, degraded response morphology relates to performance on perceptual tasks based on silence duration contrasts between words.

Threshold Estimation Using “Chained Stimuli” for Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in Individuals With Normal Hearing and Hearing Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2S) ◽  
pp. 428-436
Author(s):  
Mohan Kumar Kalaiah ◽  
Sanjana Poovaiah ◽  
Usha Shastri
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Threshold Estimation ◽  
Behavioral Threshold ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Purpose We investigated the utility of chained stimuli for threshold estimation using cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) in individuals with normal hearing sensitivity and hearing loss. The effect of the order of frequency in chained stimuli on CAEPs was also studied. Method Seventeen individuals with normal hearing and 17 individuals with mild to severe sensorineural hearing loss participated in the study. In individuals with normal hearing, CAEPs were recorded at 80 dB nHL for 4 chained stimuli with different orders of frequencies within them (Chained Stimuli 1 [CS1]: 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz; Chained Stimuli 2: 4000, 2000, 1000, 500 Hz; Chained Stimuli 3: 500, 2000, 1000, 4000 Hz; Chained Stimuli 4: 4000, 1000, 2000, 500 Hz). CAEP threshold estimation was carried out using CS1 in both groups and was compared with behavioral pure-tone thresholds. Results CS1 elicited the largest amplitude responses at low and mid frequencies, whereas all 4 stimuli elicited similar amplitude responses at high frequencies. CAEP thresholds were generally within 10–20 dB above the participants' behavioral threshold in both groups. The difference between CAEP threshold and behavioral threshold was less for individuals with hearing loss compared to individuals with normal hearing. There was a significant positive correlation between CAEP threshold and behavioral threshold at all the frequencies. Conclusions CS1 could be used to elicit CAEPs for threshold estimation in adult participants with normal hearing and hearing loss of varied degrees with theoretically reduced testing time. The actual time reduction using chained stimuli and the correction factor to be applied to estimate behavioral threshold can be studied in future investigations.

scholarly journals Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in Children with a Hearing Loss: A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amineh Koravand ◽  
Benoît Jutras ◽  
Maryse Lassonde
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Objective. This study examined the patterns of neural activity in the central auditory system in children with hearing loss.Methods. Cortical potentials and mismatch responses (MMRs) were recorded from ten children aged between 9 and 10 years: five with hearing loss and five with normal hearing in passive oddball paradigms using verbal and nonverbal stimuli.Results. Results indicate a trend toward larger P1 amplitude, a significant reduction in amplitude, and latency of N2 in children with hearing loss compared to control. No significant group differences were observed for the majority of the MMRs conditions.Conclusions. Data suggest that the reduced auditory input affects the pattern of cortical-auditory-evoked potentials in children with a mild to moderately severe hearing loss. Results suggest maturational delays and/or deficits in central auditory processing in children with hearing loss, as indicated by the neurophysiological markers P1 and N2. In contrast, negative MMR data suggest that the amplification provided by the hearing aids could have allowed children with hearing loss to develop adequate discriminative abilities.

New possibility for measuring the cortical auditory evoked potentials: the HEARLab

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (38) ◽  
pp. 1524-1529
Author(s):  
Ádám Bach ◽  
Ferenc Tóth ◽  
Vera Matievics ◽  
József Géza Kiss ◽  
József Jóri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Introduction: Cortical auditory evoked potentials can provide objective information about the highest level of the auditory system. Aim: The purpose of the authors was to introduce a new tool, the “HEARLab” which can be routinely used in clinical practice for the measurement of the cortical auditory evoked potentials. In addition, they wanted to establish standards of the analyzed parameters in subjects with normal hearing. Method: 25 adults with normal hearing were tested with speech stimuli, and frequency specific examinations were performed utilizing pure tone stimuli. Results: The findings regarding the latency and amplitude analyses of the evoked potentials confirm previously published results of this novel method. Conclusions: The HEARLAb can be a great help when performance of the conventional audiological examinations is complicated. The examination can be performed in uncooperative subjects even in the presence of hearing aids. The test is frequency specific and does not require anesthesia. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(38), 1524–1529.

scholarly journals Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in children with microcephaly

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Irawan Mangunatmadja ◽  
Dwi Putro Widodo ◽  
Hardiono D Pusponegoro
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Perinatal Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Delayed Development

Background Hearing loss (HL) is commonly found in childrenwith microcephaly. The aim of this study was to reveal hearing lossand auditory brainstem pathways disorders in children with micro-cephaly and other handicaps.Methods There were 194 children who were referred for hearingevaluation. Subjects with history of congenital perinatal infection(TORCH) were excluded. Data were collected from the results ofBrainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP) recordings, includ-ing sex, age, clinical manifestations, latency and interlatency be-tween waves I, III, V, and the hearing levels of each ear.Results Moderate to profound HL were found in fourteen ears(58%) of patients with microcephaly. Moderate to profound HL (28%)and endocochlear damage (15%) were found in the ears of pa-tients with microcephaly and delayed speech. Moderate to pro-found HL (39%) and endocochlear damage (11%) were detectedin the ears of patients with microcephaly and delayed develop-ment. Moderate to profound HL (21%) and endocochlear damage(16%) were found in the ears of microcephalic patients with bothdelayed speech and delayed development. Moderate to profoundHL (26%) and endocochlear damage (32%) were detected in theears of patients with microcephaly and cerebral palsy.Conclusion This study revealed the importance of early HL de-tection in microcephalic patients especially those with other handi-caps such as delayed speech, delayed development, and cere-bral palsy

scholarly journals Clinical Experience of Using Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in the Treatment of Infant Hearing Loss in Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 036-052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bram Van Dun ◽  
Alison King ◽  
Lyndal Carter ◽  
Wendy Pearce ◽  
Simone Punch
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Cortical Auditory-Evoked Potentials in Response to Multitone Stimuli in Hearing-Impaired Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 406-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Bardy ◽  
Jessica Sjahalam-King ◽  
Bram Van Dun ◽  
Harvey Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Objective Detection ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Purpose: To determine if one-octave multitone (MT) stimuli increase the amplitude of cortical auditory-evoked potentials (CAEPs) in individuals with a hearing loss when compared to standard pure-tone (PT) stimuli and narrow-band noise (NBN). Research Design: CAEPs were obtained from 16 hearing-impaired adults in response to PT and MT auditory stimuli centered around 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz and NBN centered around 1 and 2 kHz. Hearing impairment ranged from a mild to a moderate hearing loss in both ears. Auditory stimuli were monaurally delivered through insert earphones at 10 and 20 dB above threshold. The root mean square amplitude of the CAEP and the detectability of the responses using Hotelling’s T2 were calculated and analyzed. Results: CAEP amplitudes elicited with MT stimuli were on average 29% larger than PT stimuli for frequencies centered around 1, 2, and 4 kHz. No significant difference was found for responses to 0.5-kHz stimuli. Significantly higher objective detection scores were found for MT when compared to PT. For the 1- and 2-kHz stimuli, the CAEP amplitudes to NBN were not significantly different to those evoked by PT but a significant difference was found between MT stimuli and both NBN and PT. The mean detection sensitivity of MT for the four frequencies was 80% at 10 dB SL and 95% at 20 dB SL, and was comparable with detection sensitivities observed in normal-hearing participants. Conclusions: Using MT stimuli when testing CAEPs in adults with hearing impairment showed larger amplitudes and a higher objective detection sensitivity compared to using traditional PT stimuli for frequencies centered around 1, 2, and 4 kHz. These findings suggest that MT stimuli are a clinically useful tool to increase the efficiency of frequency-specific CAEP testing in adults with hearing impairment.

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