How Does Cochlear Implantation Lead to Improvements on a Cognitive Screening Measure?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kara J. Vasil ◽  
Christin Ray ◽  
Jessica Lewis ◽  
Erin Stefancin ◽  
Terrin N. Tamati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Pass Rate ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Screening Measure ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Cognitive Screening Measure

Purpose Cognitive screening tools to identify patients at risk for cognitive deficits are frequently used by clinicians who work with aging populations in hearing health care. Although some studies show improvements in performance on cognitive screening exams when hearing loss intervention is provided in the form of a hearing aid or cochlear implant (CI), it is worth examining whether these improvements are attributable to increased auditory access to test items. This study aimed to examine whether performance and pass rate on a cognitive screening measure, the Montréal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), improve as a result of CI, whether improved performance on auditory-based test items drives changes in MoCA performance, and whether postoperative MoCA performance relates to post-CI speech perception ability. Method Data were collected in adult CI candidates pre-implantation and 6 months postimplantation to examine the effect of intervention on MoCA performance. Participants were 77 CI users between the ages of 55 and 85 years. Participants completed the MoCA, administered audiovisually, and speech perception testing with monosyllabic (CNC) words at both intervals. Results Compared to 31 participants pre-operatively, 45 participants passed the MoCA postoperatively, which was a significant difference in pass rate. An improvement in MoCA scores could be attributed primarily to improvement in the “Delayed Recall” test domain, which was auditory based. Post-CI MoCA performance was related to post-CI CNC speech perception performance. Conclusions Improved performance and pass rates were demonstrated on the traditional MoCA test of cognitive screening from before to 6 months after CI. Improvements could primarily be attributed to better performance on a delayed recall task dependent on auditory access, and post-CI MoCA scores were related to post-CI speech perception abilities. Further studies are needed to investigate the application of cognitive screening tools in patients receiving hearing loss interventions, and these interventions' impact on patients' real-world functioning.

Validity and Clinical Utility of Different Clock Drawing Test Scoring Systems in Multiple Forms of Dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Duro ◽  
Miguel Tábuas-Pereira ◽  
Sandra Freitas ◽  
Beatriz Santiago ◽  
Maria Amália Botelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Screening Measure ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Cognitive Screening Measure

The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) has a known potential for the detection of cognitive impairment in populations with dementia, especially Alzheimer disease (AD). Our aim was to compare the clinical utility of 3 CDT scoring systems (Rouleau, Cahn, and Babins) in several pathologies with cognitive compromise from a tertiary center memory clinic. We selected patients with a clinical diagnosis of mild stage AD, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (FTD), vascular dementia (VaD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson disease with dementia (PDD). The results showed significant differences between the several diagnoses with the following pattern of results: AD, DLB < FTD, VaD, PDD. Qualitative analysis of clock drawing errors confirmed the stimulus-bound response as a hallmark of AD, while conceptual deficit was significantly more prevalent in patients with AD and DLB. Our results supported the CDT potential as a cognitive screening measure for mild dementia, particularly sensitive to AD and DLB, especially when we used the Cahn scoring system and its analysis of qualitative errors.

scholarly journals WLS-ILIAD: New Longitudinal Resource for Cognitive and Dementia Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 222-223
Author(s):  
Pamela Herd ◽  
Victoria Williams ◽  
Sanjay Asthana
Keyword(s):  
Recall Test ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Screening Measure ◽  
Visuospatial Abilities ◽  
Test Digit ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Cognitive Screening Measure

Abstract One of the distinctive strengths of WLS is the availability of Henmon-Nelson IQ scores on all participants while in high school, followed by prospective collection of data through cognitive batteries of varying size and sophistication. Launched in 1993, the initial longitudinal cognitive testing included 8 abstract reasoning items followed by the administration of larger cognitive batteries in 2004 and 2011 comprised of a 10-item word recall test, digit ordering task, phonemic and category fluency, as well as repeated and new items from the WAIS-R similarities task first administered in the 1993 survey. In 2018, with R01 funding from NIA, the scope of cognitive testing expanded significantly and includes administration of a phone-based cognitive screening measure, and a comprehensive in-person neuropsychological assessment for individuals identified at risk for dementia targeting a range of cognitive domains, including memory, language, attention, visuospatial abilities, and executive functioning.

Cognitive Screening of Adults With Postlingual Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982093325
Author(s):  
Mallory Raymond ◽  
Devon Barrett ◽  
Daniel Juno Lee ◽  
Shenita Peterson ◽  
Nikhila Raol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Mini Mental Status Exam ◽  
Moderate Hearing Loss

Objective To systematically review the evidence for the use of cognitive screening tools for adults with postlingual hearing loss. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Library) electronic databases were searched from inception until October 4, 2018. Review Methods Articles were reviewed for inclusion by 2 independent reviewers. The references of included articles were hand-searched for additional relevant articles. Data were extracted by 2 independent extractors. Results Of 2092 articles imported from the search, 81 were included for the review. Nearly a third (31%, n = 25) included patients with profound hearing loss. In total, 23 unique tools were used for 105 unique applications. The Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) was the most commonly used (54%, n = 55), followed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (19%, n = 10). Nearly half of the tools were used to define patient inclusion or exclusion in a study (48%, n = 50), followed by examination of a change after an intervention (26%, n = 27). Two articles attempted to study the validity of the MMSE and MoCA for screening patients with mild to moderate hearing loss and found mixed effects of the auditory components. There were no validation studies identified from the search. Conclusion Many different cognitive screening tools have been used to study patients with postlingual hearing loss. The effects of the auditory components of these tools may be deleterious but ultimately remain unclear from the available evidence. To date, there has been no validation of any cognitive screening tool to be used for adults with postlingual hearing loss.

scholarly journals Screening Tools and Assessment Methods of Cognitive Decline Associated With Age-Related Hearing Loss: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yue ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Qi Zheng ◽  
Zihao Xu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

Strong links between hearing and cognitive function have been confirmed by a growing number of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Seniors with age-related hearing loss (ARHL) have a significantly higher cognitive impairment incidence than those with normal hearing. The correlation mechanism between ARHL and cognitive decline is not fully elucidated to date. However, auditory intervention for patients with ARHL may reduce the risk of cognitive decline, as early cognitive screening may improve related treatment strategies. Currently, clinical audiology examinations rarely include cognitive screening tests, partly due to the lack of objective quantitative indicators with high sensitivity and specificity. Questionnaires are currently widely used as a cognitive screening tool, but the subject’s performance may be negatively affected by hearing loss. Numerous electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies analyzed brain structure and function changes in patients with ARHL. These objective electrophysiological tools can be employed to reveal the association mechanism between auditory and cognitive functions, which may also find biological markers to be more extensively applied in assessing the progression towards cognitive decline and observing the effects of rehabilitation training for patients with ARHL. In this study, we reviewed clinical manifestations, pathological changes, and causes of ARHL and discussed their cognitive function effects. Specifically, we focused on current cognitive screening tools and assessment methods and analyzed their limitations and potential integration.

A new early cognitive screening measure to detect cognitive side-effects of electroconvulsive therapy?

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1967-1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donel M. Martin ◽  
Natalie Katalinic ◽  
Anna Ingram ◽  
Isaac Schweitzer ◽  
Deidre J. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Screening Measure ◽  
Cognitive Screening Measure ◽  
Cognitive Side Effects

The Impact of Subjective and Objective Hearing Loss on Cognition and Memory in Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Rogalski ◽  
Amy Rominger
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Professional Collaboration ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Text Passage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Audiologic Evaluation

For this exploratory cross-disciplinary study, a speech-language pathologist and an audiologist collaborated to investigate the effects of objective and subjective hearing loss on cognition and memory in 11 older adults without hearing loss (OAs), 6 older adults with unaided hearing loss (HLOAs), and 16 young adults (YAs). All participants received cognitive testing and a complete audiologic evaluation including a subjective questionnaire about perceived hearing difficulty. Memory testing involved listening to or reading aloud a text passage then verbally recalling the information. Key findings revealed that objective hearing loss and subjective hearing loss were correlated and both were associated with a cognitive screening test. Potential clinical implications are discussed and include a need for more cross-professional collaboration in assessing older adults with hearing loss.

Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Communicative Disorders ◽  
And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

Impact of Cochlear Implantation on Neurocognitive Subdomains in Adult Cochlear Implant Recipients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Christiane Völter ◽  
Lisa Götze ◽  
Imme Haubitz ◽  
Janine Müther ◽  
Stefan Dazert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Age-related hearing loss affects about one-third of the population worldwide. Studies suggest that hearing loss may be linked to cognitive decline and auditory rehabilitation may improve cognitive functions. So far, the data are limited, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The study aimed to analyze the impact of cochlear implantation on cognition in a large homogeneous population of hearing-impaired adults using a comprehensive non-auditory cognitive assessment with regard to normal-hearing (NH) subjects. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> Seventy-one cochlear implant (CI) candidates with a postlingual, bilateral severe or profound hearing loss aged 66.3 years (standard deviation [SD] 9.2) and 105 NH subjects aged 65.96 years (SD 9.4) were enrolled. The computer-based neurocognitive tool applied included 11 subtests covering attention (M3), short- and long-term memory (recall and delayed recall), working memory (0- and 2-back, Operation Span [OSPAN] task), processing speed (Trail Making Test [TMT] A), mental flexibility (TMT B), inhibition (cFlanker and iFlanker), and verbal fluency. CI patients underwent a neurocognitive testing preoperatively as well as 12 months postoperatively. Impact of hearing status, age, gender, and education on cognitive subdomains was studied. Additionally, after controlling for education and age, cognitive performance of CI subjects (<i>n</i> = 41) was compared to that of NH (<i>n</i> = 34). <b><i>Results:</i></b> CI users achieved significantly better neurocognitive scores 12 months after cochlear implantation than before in most subtests (M3, [delayed] recall, 2-back, OSPAN, iFlanker, and verbal fluency; all <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) except for the TMT A and B. A significant correlation could be found between the postoperative improvement in speech perception and in the attentional task M3 (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Hearing status (<i>p</i> = 0.0006) had the strongest effect on attention, whereas education had a high impact on recall (<i>p</i> = 0.002), OSPAN (<i>p</i> = 0.0004), and TMT A (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and B (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Inhibition was mainly age-dependent with better results in younger subjects (<i>p</i> = 0.016). Verbal fluency was predicted by gender as females outperformed men (<i>p</i> = 0.009). Even after controlling for age and education NH subjects showed a significantly better performance than CI candidates in the recall (<i>p</i> = 0.03) and delayed recall (<i>p</i> = 0.01) tasks. Postoperatively, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups anymore. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Impact of cochlear implantation on neurocognitive functions differs according to the cognitive subdomains. Postoperatively, CI recipients performed as good as age- and education-matched NH subjects.

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