Respiratory Function in Parkinson's Subjects Exhibiting a Perceptible Speech Deficit

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Murdoch ◽  
Helen J. Chenery ◽  
Simon Bowler ◽  
John C. L. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Essentially Normal ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Age And Sex

The respiratory abilities of a group of 19 speech-disordered subjects with idiopathic Parkinson's disease were assessed using both spirometric and kinematic techniques and compared to those of a group of 19 nonneurologically impaired controls matched for age and sex. Results of the spirometric assessment showed that only a minority of the Parkinson's subjects had lung volumes and capacities outside normal limits. Consequently in the majority of eases, the speech disorder could not be related to any abnormality in lung function determined spirometrically. Chest wall dynamics during both conversation and reading were essentially normal in all cases. Approximately half of the Parkinson's subjects, however, exhibited irregularities in their chest wall movements while performing vowel prolongation and syllable repetition tasks. The same irregularities were not present in the chest wall movements exhibited by the control subjects, suggesting that their presence was in some way related to the Parkinson's disease. Results are discussed in terms of the effects of Parkinson's disease on neuromuscular function.

Respiratory Kinematics in Speakers with Cerebellar Disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Murdoch ◽  
Helen J. Chenery ◽  
Peter D. Stokes ◽  
William J. Hardcastle
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Cerebellar Disease ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Respiratory Kinematics ◽  
And Gender

The respiratory abilities of a group of 12 speech disordered subjects with cerebellar disease were assessed using both spirometric and kinematic techniques and compared to those of a group of 12 non-neurologically impaired controls matched for age and gender. Results of the spirometric assessment showed that although all of the cerebellar-diseased subjects had normal total lung capacities, almost half had vital capacities below normal limits. All except 1 of the cerebellar-diseased subjects exhibited irregularities in their chest wall movements while performing sustained vowel and syllable repetition tasks. Over half of the cerebellar-diseased subjects also displayed similar rregularities when reading and conversing. The same irregularities were not present in the chest wall movements exhibited by the control subjects suggesting that their presence was caused by the cerebellar disease Results are discussed in terms of the effects of cerebellar disease on neuromuscular function.

scholarly journals Prevalence and type of cervical deformities among adults with Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong Ju Moon ◽  
Justin S. Smith ◽  
Christopher P. Ames ◽  
Christopher I. Shaffrey ◽  
Virginie Lafage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spine Deformities ◽  
Sagittal Malalignment ◽  
Age And Sex

OBJECT To identify the characteristics of cervical deformities in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the role of severity of PD in the development of cervical spine deformities, the authors investigated the prevalence of the cervical deformities, cervical kyphosis (CK), and cervical positive sagittal malalignment (CPSM) in patients with PD. They also analyzed the association of severity of cervical deformities with the stage of PD in the context of global sagittal spinopelvic alignment. METHODS This study was a prospective assessment of consecutively treated patients (n = 89) with PD. A control group of the age- and sex-matched patients was selected from patients with degenerative cervical spine disease but without PD. Clinical and demographic parameters including age, sex, duration of PD, and Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage were collected. Full-length standing radiographs were used to assess spinopelvic parameters. CK was defined as a C2–7 Cobb angle < 0°. CPSM was defined as C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) > 4 cm. RESULTS A significantly higher prevalence of CPSM (28% vs 1.1%, p < 0.001), but not CK (12% vs 10.1%, p = 0.635), was found in PD patients compared with control patients. Among patients with PD, those with CK were younger (62.1 vs 69.0 years, p = 0.013) and had longer duration of PD (56.4 vs 36.2 months, p = 0.034), but the severity of PD was not significantly different. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of CK was associated with younger age, higher mismatch between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis, and lower C7–S1 SVA. The patients with CPSM had significantly greater thoracic kyphosis (TK) (p < 0.001) and a trend toward more advanced H&Y stage (p = 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that CPSM was associated with male sex, greater TK, and more advanced H&Y stage. CONCLUSIONS Patients with PD have a significantly higher prevalence of CPSM compared with age- and sex-matched control patients with cervical degenerative disease but without PD. Among patients with PD, CK is not associated with the severity of PD but is associated with overall global sagittal malalignment. In contrast, the presence of CPSM is associated more with the severity of PD than it is with the presence of global sagittal malalignment. Collectively, these data suggest that the neuromuscular pathogenesis of PD may affect the development of CPSM more than of CK.

Effect of aging and dopaminomimetic therapy on mitochondrial respiratory function in Parkinson's disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Bravi ◽  
Jeffrey J. Anderson ◽  
Fiorenzo Dagani ◽  
Thomas L. Davis ◽  
Rosaria Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory

scholarly journals Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A): Could It Be a Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Parkinson’s Disease?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Yin ◽  
Chao Han ◽  
Yun Xia ◽  
Fang Wan ◽  
Junjie Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Protein Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by aggregation of pathological alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and loss of dopaminergic neuron in the substantia nigra. Inhibition of phosphorylation of the α-syn has been shown to mediate alleviation of PD-related pathology. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), an important serine/threonine phosphatase, plays an essential role in catalyzing dephosphorylation of the α-syn. Here, we identified and validated cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A), as a potential diagnostic biomarker for PD. Our data showed that plasma CIP2A concentrations in PD patients were significantly lower compared to age- and sex-matched controls, 1.721 (1.435–2.428) ng/ml vs 3.051(2.36–5.475) ng/ml, p < 0.0001. The area under the curve of the plasma CIP2A in distinguishing PD from the age- and sex-matched controls was 0.776. In addition, we evaluated the role of CIP2A in PD-related pathogenesis in PD cellular and MPTP-induced mouse model. The results demonstrated that CIP2A is upregulated in PD cellular and MPTP-induced mouse models. Besides, suppression of the CIP2A expression alleviates rotenone induced aggregation of the α-syn as well as phosphorylation of the α-syn in SH-SY5Y cells, which is associated with increased PP2A activity. Taken together, our data demonstrated that CIP2A plays an essential role in the mechanisms related to PD development and might be a novel PD biomarker.

scholarly journals BODY COMPOSITION AND POSTURAL INSTABILITY IN PEOPLE WITH IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON’S DISEASE

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A.S. Diab ◽  
L.A. Hale ◽  
M.A. Skinner ◽  
G. Hammond-Tooke ◽  
A.L. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Age And Sex

Objectives: Idopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between body composition and postural instability in people with PD, and age- and sex-matched controls. Design: Cross-sectional study among PD sufferers and age- and sex-matched controls. Setting: University of Otago’s Balance Clinic, School of Physiotherapy. Participants: Forty-seven people with PD and 58 age- and sex-matched controls. Measurements: Postural stability was assessed with the Sensory Organization Test, Motor Control Test, Timed Up and Go Test, and Step Test. Body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale was applied to assess PD severity. Results: Mean group differences between PD and controls for the equilibrium composite score, Timed Up and Go Tests, and Step Test were statistically significant (p<0.05); strategy and latency composite scores and body composition variables were not (p>0.05). Three PD participants were sarcopenic; 15 PD and 24 controls were obese. In PD participants, total body lean mass and age predicted latency composite scores. Disease, age, and leg fat mass predicted the Timed Up and Go Test results (p<0.05). Sex and disease predicted the equilibrium composite score (p<0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was high and sarcopenia low in the PD group, which is a novel finding. Not surprisingly, participants with PD had reduced postural stability compared to controls. Disease status, age and sex were influential factors in the weak relationships found between postural stability and body composition. These findings may have clinical relevance for the treatment of the physical symptoms of those suffering from PD.

Levels of oligomeric α-Synuclein in reflex tears distinguish Parkinson's disease patients from healthy controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 1447-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F Hamm-Alvarez ◽  
Srikanth R Janga ◽  
Maria C Edman ◽  
Danielle Feigenbaum ◽  
Daniel Freire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Afferent Nerve ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Afferent Nerve Fibers ◽  
Tear Flow ◽  
Age And Sex

Aim: Due to active engagement of sensory and afferent nerve fibers in reflex tearing which could be affected in Parkinson's disease (PD), we tested reflex tears as a source of potential PD biomarkers. Patients & methods: Reflex tears collected from 84 PD and 84 age- and sex-equivalent healthy controls (HC) were used to measure levels of oligomeric α-Syn (α-SynOligo), total α-Syn (α-SynTotal), CCL2, DJ-1, lactoferrin and MMP9. Results: α-synOligo (p < 0.0001), CCL2 (p = 0.003) and lactoferrin (p = 0.002) were significantly elevated in PD patient tears relative to HC tears. Tear flow was significantly lower in PD relative to HC (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Reflex tears are a potential source for detection of characteristic changes in PD patients.

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