The relationship between low level nitrogen dioxide exposure and child lung function after cold air challenge

Thyroxine (T4) is required in species possessing brown adipose tissue (BAT) for the maintenance of cold tolerance and adaptation. In humans, who possess negligible quantities of BAT, the importance of T4 has not been demonstrated. We studied the effects of decreased serum T4 and thyrotropin (TSH) on human cold habituation after repeated cold air exposures. Eight men (T3+) received a single daily dose of triiodothyronine (T3; 30 micrograms/day), and another eight men (T3-) received a placebo. All 16 normal thyroid men underwent a standardized cold air test (SCAT) under basal conditions in January and again in March after eighty 30-min 4.4 degrees C air exposures (10/wk). Measurements of basal metabolic rate (BMR), O2 consumption (VO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), plasma norepinephrine (NE), serum TSH, free and total T4, and free and total T3 were repeated before and after 8 wk of exposure. TSH, free T4, and total T4 were 50% lower for T3+ than for T3- subjects. Total and free T3 were not different between groups. BMR was unchanged after habituation, whereas the cold-stimulated VO2, MAP, and NE were significantly reduced for all subjects in March. The relationship between VO2 and NE (r2 = 0.44, P less than 0.001) during the initial SCAT was unchanged with habituation. We suggest that human cold habituation is independent of major changes in circulating T4 and TSH.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND LEADERSHIP QUALITIES IN STUDENTS

Visnyk of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. A Series of Psychology ◽

10.26565/2225-7756-2020-68-01 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Common Ground ◽

Education Institution ◽

Leadership Traits ◽

Leadership Qualities ◽

Organizational Skills ◽

Low Level ◽

Technical Students ◽

High Level ◽

The Relationship

In this article, the main approaches concerning the problem of leadership traits formation as studied in both national and foreign literature are viewed. There are given results of research on leadership traits in students at technical specialties and humanities in the course of their training at a higher education institution in their connection with emotive intellect. The peculiarities of leadership traits in the tested groups with different level of emotive intellect, as well as a connection between leadership traits and emotive intellect are determined. The highest indicators according to the results of the research are demonstrated by a group of students of technical specialties with a high level of emotional intelligence, which indicates the ability to manage their emotions and behavior, the ability to solve problems. They demonstrate a high level of organizational skills, ability to work with a group. Their actions are aimed at achieving goals. The lowest rates according to the results of the study were found in a group of students of humanities with a low level of emotional intelligence. In difficult situations, it is difficult for them to find a way out. They do not know how to control the work of their comrades, to find common ground with people. The relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership skills in students of technical and humanities has been studied. A group of technical students with a high level of emotional intelligence found positive correlations between emotional intelligence and all scales of leadership qualities. There are no correlations between emotional intelligence and leadership qualities in the group of humanities students with a low level of emotional intelligence. In other groups of students, certain correlations have been established between emotional intelligence and leadership qualities.

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The Interdecadal Variations and Causes of the Relationship Between Autumn Precipitation Anomalies in Eastern China and SSTA Over the Southeastern Tropical Indian Ocean

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1150525/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Liwei Huo ◽

Zhaoyong Guan ◽

Dachao Jin ◽

Xi Liu ◽

Xudong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Eastern China ◽

Tropical Indian Ocean ◽

The Other ◽

Drought Event ◽

Low Level ◽

Rainfall Anomalies ◽

Precipitation Anomalies ◽

The Relationship ◽

Southeastern Tropical Indian Ocean

Abstract Eastern China has a large population with rapid development of the economy, where is the important crop producing region. In this region, the spatial and temporal distribution of autumn rainfall in Eastern China is uneven, which has important societal impact. Using the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis and other observational datasets, it is found that the spatial distribution of the first EOF mode of autumn rainfall anomalies in eastern China is consistent across the region, with significant interannual variabilities. Pronounced interdecadal variations are presented in the relationship between autumn rainfall anomalies in eastern China and sea-surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO). The interdecadal changes have been analyzed by considering two epochs: one during 1979-2004 and the other during 2005-2019. It shows weak and insignificant correlations between the autumn rainfall anomalies in eastern China and SSTA over SETIO during the first epoch. On the other hand, they are remarkable and positively correlated with each other during the second epoch. The inter-decadal changes of the above relationship are related to the warming of SST over SETIO during the second epoch. It causes stronger low-level convergence and ascending motion over SETIO, with the co-occurrence of enhanced western Pacific subtropical high and anomalous abundant moisture over eastern China carried by a low-level southerly anomaly originating from the South China Sea. Simultaneously, the local Hadley circulation over eastern China becomes weak, corresponding to the anomalous ascending motion. The collaboration of anomalous water vapour transport and ascending motion strengthens the connection between the SETIO SSTA and the autumn precipitation anomalies in eastern China, and vice versa. In the boreal autumn of 2019, entire eastern China suffered extreme drought. It suggests that this drought event in eastern China is strongly affected by the negative SSTA over SETIO, which is consistent with the statistical results.

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