Effects of temperature and season on egg size, hatchling size and adult size in Notiophilus biguttatus

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. ERNSTING ◽  
J.A. ISAAKS
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Hatchling Size

The role of hatchling size in generating the intrinsic size-at-age variability of cephalopods: extending the Forsythe Hypothesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Pecl ◽  
M. A. Steer ◽  
K. E. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extreme Variability ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Hatchling Size

Cephalopods are characterised by extreme variability in size-at-age, with much of this variation attributed to effects of temperature and food. However, even siblings reared under identical conditions display a wide range of sizes after a period of growth. Hatchling size may represent a source of variation encompassed within adult size-at-age data (i) within a given cohort (variation in hatchling size suggests that a cohort’s growth trajectory will have a ‘staggered start’) and (ii) as hatchling size also varies as a function of incubation temperature this will vary across broader scales (i.e. between cohorts). Field-hatchling size data for Sepioteuthis australis were used in simple deterministic simulations, extending Forsythe’s (1993) temperature hypothesis, to investigate the influence of hatchling size on adult size-at-age variability. Within a cohort, our growth projections suggest that after 90 days, a large hatchling growing at a specific constant percentage daily growth rate (%BW day–1), would be approximately double the size of the small hatchling growing at exactly the same rate, irrespective of the growth rate used. When considering growth of different cohorts, decreases in hatchling size, as temperatures increase during a spring/summer spawning season, may be partially counteracting the ‘Forsythe-effect’ of increased growth rate at higher temperatures.

Effects of Predation and Trophic Conditions on the Reproduction of Tylototriton verrucosus (Caudata: Salamandridae) in Darjeeling

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritwik Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Trophic Conditions ◽  
Size Frequency Distribution ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
High Predation ◽  
Hatchling Size ◽  
Predation Rates

The facts that small hatchlings emerged from small eggs laid under high predation levels prevailing at the lower altitudes of distribution of this species in Darjeeling while larger hatchlings emerged from larger eggs laid under lower levels of predation at higher altitudes, show that predation is not selected for large egg and initial hatchling size in this salamandrid species. Metamorphic size was small under high predation rates because this species relied on crypsis for evading predators. Egg and hatchling size are related inversely to levels of primary productivity and zooplankton abundance in lentic habitats. Hatchling sizes are related positively to egg size and size frequency distribution of zooplankton. Small egg and small hatchling size have been selected for at the lower altitudes of distribution of this salamandrid in Darjeeling because predation rates increased in step with improvement in trophic conditions at the lower altitudes.

scholarly journals Sex allocation in haplodiploids is mediated by egg size: evidence in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch

2010 ◽  
Vol 278 (1708) ◽  
pp. 1054-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Macke ◽  
Sara Magalhães ◽  
Hong Do-Thi Khan ◽  
Anthony Luciano ◽  
Adrien Frantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
External Fertilization ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Egg Provisioning

Haplodiploid species display extraordinary sex ratios. However, a differential investment in male and female offspring might also be achieved by a differential provisioning of eggs, as observed in birds and lizards. We investigated this hypothesis in the haplodiploid spider mite Tetranychus urticae , which displays highly female-biased sex ratios. We show that egg size significantly determines not only larval size, juvenile survival and adult size, but also fertilization probability, as in marine invertebrates with external fertilization, so that female (fertilized) eggs are significantly larger than male (unfertilized) eggs. Moreover, females with on average larger eggs before fertilization produce a more female-biased sex ratio afterwards. Egg size thus mediates sex-specific egg provisioning, sex and offspring sex ratio. Finally, sex-specific egg provisioning has another major consequence: male eggs produced by mated mothers are smaller than male eggs produced by virgins, and this size difference persists in adults. Virgin females might thus have a (male) fitness advantage over mated females.

Effects of temperature and food on the fecundity and egg development rates of Boeckella symmetrica Sars (Copepoda : Calanoida)

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
IO Woodward ◽  
RWG White
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Food Regime ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Thermal Range ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The effects of temperature and food regime on the fecundity and egg development of B. symmetrica are presented. Clutch size decreases with increasing temperature and decreased food availability. At low food levels; there is increased variability in clutch size; this increase is less marked at lower temperatures. Duration of egg development decreases hyperbolically with increasing temperature; there may be a slight increase with increased food availability. Egg size decreases linearly with increasing temperature: food supply may have some effect. Variability of egg size decreases with decreasing temperature. Egg mortality is highest towards the lower limit of the natural thermal range of B. symmetrica and lowest near the middle.

Reproductive investment by green turtles nesting on Ascension Island

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1098-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme C. Hays ◽  
Colin R. Adams ◽  
John R. Speakman
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Ascension Island ◽  
Egg Chamber ◽  
The Relationship

Clutch sizes and egg sizes were measured for green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic (7°57′S, 14 °22′W) in 1992. The mean number of eggs per clutch was 127.5 (SD = 22.9; n = 46 clutches). The number of eggs per clutch increased in larger turtles and declined as the nesting season progressed. Mean egg size was 45.5 mm (SD = 1.45 mm; n = 47 clutches). Three turtles laid significantly smaller eggs than the rest of the sample. When these three clutches were removed from the analysis, mean egg size increased in larger turtles. When the effect of female body size was removed there was no relationship between the number and size of the eggs in a clutch. The depth from the top to the bottom of the egg chamber, the depth from the top of the egg chamber to the topmost egg, and the depth of the body pit were all independent of adult size. Egg size varied systematically within clutches, the largest eggs being laid first and the smallest eggs last. This intraclutch variation in egg size had important consequences for the calculated gradient of the relationship between egg size and adult size.

Relationships between rainfall, nesting habitat and fecundity of Caiman crocodilus yacare in the Pantanal, Brazil

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilca Campos ◽  
William Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Nesting Habitat ◽  
Caiman Crocodilus ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Intermittent Rivers ◽  
Hatchling Size

ABSTRACTDifferences in rainfall between years influenced the proportions of different types of nesting habitats of Caiman crocodilus yacare available near water bodies in a region of intermittent rivers (Campo Dora Ranch). In contrast, rainfall had little effect on the proximity of nesting habitat to water bodies in a region of isolated lakes (Nhumirim Ranch). There was a strong positive correlation between female body size and clutch size Snout-vent lengths of females on Campo Dora Ranch were significantly larger than those from Nhumirim Ranch which probably accounts for the larger mean clutch size than in the region of isolated lakes. Hatchling size was correlated with egg size, but there was no relationship between egg size and female size or egg size and clutch size.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document