Calculating of demand nutrituous food of cattle-breeding in Ganja-Qazakh zones and learning of food regime composition

Tədqiqat işi Şəmkir rayonunda yerləşən “Süleyman” kəndli fermer təsərrüfatında, “Zoomühəndislik fakültəsinin” “Heyvandarlıq məhsullarının istehsalı texnologiyası” kafedra-sının laboratoriyasında aparılmışdır. Tədqiqat zamanı Gəncə-Qazax zonasında iri buynuzlu heyvanların qidalı maddələrə olan tələbatının hesablanması və yem rasionunun tərtibinin öyrənilməsi, elmi tədqiqat işlərinin istifadə edilməsinin əhəmiyyəti və keyfiyyəti göstərilmişdir. Heyvanların böyüməsi, inkişafı, məhsuldarlığı iri buynuzlu heyvanların damazlıq keyfiyyətinin təkmilləşdirilməsi xeyli dərəcədə tam qiymətli yemləmədən asılıdır. İri buynuzlu heyvanların tam dəyərli yem rasionu ilə yemləndirilməsi nəinki çəki artımının yüksəlməsinə, həmçinin yemlərin və yem payının tərkibində olan qida maddələrinin orqanizm tərəfindən yaxşı mənimsənilməsinə müsbət təsir göstərir. Açar sözlər: inək, qidalı maddələr, yem rasionu, saxlayıcı yem, məhsuldar yem, reproduktiv yem, Ca, P, NaCl, karotin

Relations and Influences in the Process of Conventionalization of Organic Markets in the Southern Region of Brazil: A Multilevel Perspective Analysis

The organic markets from all around the world are changing fast. An example is the proliferation of standards and the entrance of new actors in the organic market, as the processors. In this paper, organic farmers, agro industries, retailers, consumers, and rural extension agents were consulted through qualitative research methods to better understand these changes and to assess the conventionalization-bifurcation process of organic markets in the Southern Region of Brazil. The relations and influences that exist between these actors were identified and analyzed. The theoretical approach used in this study comes from the Multilevel Perspective. This approach sustains that a novelty, like organic farming, can produce radical or incremental changes in a socio-technical regime, as the dominant agro-food regime, while connections between both are built. We observed that these relations and influences are of three main types: outsourcing and elongation of supply chains; restrictions in the commercialization of the farmer’s production; and the consequences, adjustments and commercial conditions established through contracts with retail chains besides commercialization in alternative networks. Through these findings, we identified a bifurcation in the organic markets where some actors demonstrate practices similar to agrifood dominant regime. In this process, the regime is changing, but so are the alternative networks. It indicates that once again the alternative agriculture is capable of reaffirmation by some ways.

Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanum Nanoparticles by Anethum Graveolens (Dill) Leaf Extract

Anethum Graveolens is a herb used extensively as an additive in chicken feed to help in enhancing the performance, immune reaction and fitness of broiler chickens. The herb consists of various volatile secondary metaboliteswhich are bioactive compounds which helps in their daily food regime. This present work is aimed atsynthesizing and characterizing Lanthanum-nanoparticles (LaNps) by using Anethum Graveolens (dill) leaf. LaNps has been synthesized by various methods and characterized by using UV-Vis spectral analysis, Fourier infra-red , X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis.

Reinvigorating a political ecology of the global agri-food system

This contribution is a critical review of research on the global agri-food system directly or indirectly identified as political ecology (PE). It shows how food, famine and agricultural production were important topics to early proponents of PE, especially with regards to a critique of neo-Malthusian thought. It then traces further developments in the field and highlights the productive tension between materialist and poststructuralist streams, as well as the influence of actor-network theory. Further on, the paper discusses three neighbouring theories and frameworks with a potential to stimulate current political ecologies of food and agriculture, namely critical agrarian studies, food regime theory and world-ecology. Finally, seven clusters of potential research topics for a political ecology of the global agri-food system are identified. In conclusion, the relevance of PE as a theoretical lens is reiterated and the need for fruitful application of political ecology and related approaches is expressed.

Aligned Sustainability Understandings? Global Inter-Institutional Arrangements and the Implementation of SDG 2

This article asks whether inter-institutional arrangements (IIAs) can facilitate norm understandings of sustainability in the global food regime complex to ensure the implementation of SDG 2. It refers to theories of norm implementation and regime complexes and focuses on two explanatory factors: non-material resources (authority and knowledge) and interplay management (participation and interaction). The article deals with three case studies: The Codex Alimentarius Commission, the Sustainable Food Systems Programme, and the Standards and Trade Development Facility. Qualitative empirical analysis is based on documents and expert interviews. The article assumes that both explanatory factors are beneficial for the development of an aligned sustainability understanding. The findings indicate that IIAs serve as discursive fora for institutional exchange and can, thus, facilitate the development of aligned sustainability understandings in the global food regime complex. However, the article also identifies some structural factors that provide more scope for certain actors to enforce their normative views and interests, which ultimately hampers the implementation of SDG2.