scholarly journals Efficiency of using heat pumps with various refrigerants in real steam turbine power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 10001
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Sergeyev ◽  
Irina Anikina ◽  
Konstantin Kalmykov ◽  
Ivan Naletov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Heat Carriers

Prospects for increasing the efficiency of heat and electric energy-generation and heat-and-power supply at thermal power plants obviously draw attention to such modern and innovative technologies as heat pumps. Heat pumps allow efficient redistribution of energy flows. The abundance of low-potential heat carriers and heat sources in the cycle arrangement of the thermal power plants operation requires modernization of production and increase of the fuel heat utilization factor, therefore, reduction of specific fuel consumption for the production of heat and electricity. This paper analyzes the influence and practicability of introducing heat pumps into the heating circuit of the return water of the heat network of power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines. Heat pumps of various configurations provide invariant energy conversion factor and efficiency. To assess energy and economic efficiency, modeling of the operation of power units and calculation of heat pump circuits for various refrigerants are performed. The economic effect is represented in quarterly cash savings of operating costs.

scholarly journals Selection of Heat Pump Capacity Used at Thermal Power Plants under Electricity Market Operating Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Milana Treshcheva ◽  
Irina Anikina ◽  
Vitaly Sergeev ◽  
Sergey Skulkin ◽  
Dmitry Treshchev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Maximum Heat

The percentage of heat pumps used in thermal power plants (TPPs) in the fuel and energy balance is extremely low in in most countries. One of the reasons for this is the lack of a systematic approach to selecting and justifying the circuit solutions and equipment capacity. This article aims to develop a new method of calculating the maximum capacity of heat pumps. The method proposed in the article has elements of marginal analysis. It takes into account the limitation of heat pump capacity by break-even operation at electric power market (compensation of fuel expenses, connected with electric power production). In this case, the heat pump’s maximum allowable capacity depends on the electric capacity of TPP, electricity consumption for own needs, specific consumption of conditional fuel for electricity production, a ratio of prices for energy resources, and a conversion factor of heat pump. For TPP based on combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) CCGT-450 with prices at the Russian energy resources markets at the level of 2019, when operating with the maximum heat load, the allowable heat pump capacity will be about 50 MW, and when operating with the minimum heat load—about 200 MW.

Composite Сarbonaceous Сoal-Water Suspensions

2021 ◽  
Vol 1045 ◽  
pp. 212-225
Author(s):  
Olena Svietkina ◽  
Kostiantyn Bas ◽  
Sergiy Boruk ◽  
Roman Klishchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Yehurnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Water Suspensions ◽  
Ash And Slag Waste ◽  
Slag Waste

In Ukraine, up to 75% of all electricity is supplied by thermal power plants, the main type of fuel for which is coal, which leads to the release of ash and slag waste at power plants in huge quantities. Every 10 years (according to statistical data) the amount of ash and slag produced at thermal power plants doubles. The use and creation of new modified consumers of coal-water fuel (CWF) and coal-water suspensions (CWS) occurs periodically. The ease of handling suspensions is captivating: in the energy sector, they can serve as the basis for the effective disposal of numerous accumulated wastes from coal preparation and oil refining, a significant reduction in the consumption of minerals for generating heat and electric energy, and minimizing the effect of heat power engineering on public health and the state of nature.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Capacity Utilization of Thermal Power (Coal) Plants in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Draft Report ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Energy Shortage

As on 31.03.2020, 55.4 % (205135 MW) of total installed capacity (370106 MW) in India is through coal and lignite based power plants. These plants, set up by central, state and private utilities with substantial capital investment are facing consistently reducing Plant Utilization Factor (known as Plant Load Factor, PLF, in India). In the year 2019-20 the national average thermal power PLF stood at 55.4%, down from 78.6 % in 2007-08. On the other hand, the electricity demand is consistently rising in the country and there exists a peak and energy shortage at national level. In 2019-20 energy shortage was 0.7 % and peak shortage was 0.5 %. A disturbing paradox therefore exists here. On one hand, the country is power deficit, and on the other hand, a large amount of coal based affordable power, ready to be generated by thermal power generators, remains grossly unused. Looking into the fact that considerable investment has gone into developing these thermal power generation assets in the country, the falling PLF is a matter of concern for all the key stakeholders including the power producers, lenders, regulators and consumers. This paper identifies seven major factors that are affecting PLF of thermal power plants and then makes an attempt to project future scenario of PLF so that critical stakeholders can intervene through appropriate actions. Primary research with responses from power professionals has been used to find out the major factors. Future projection of PLF has been done using Partial Least Square (PLS) regression. Projection shows that in the Business As Usual case (Factors increasing at the current CAGR rate), the thermal power plants will face very low level of PLF (14.76 %) by 2024-25. This will mean that many plants will be shut down and many will run for only few hours in a day that too at very low loads. If the future generation mix is kept as indicated by Central Electricity Authority (CEA), a Govt. of India in its report (Draft report on optimal generation capacity mix for 2029-30- CEA- Govt of India) then the thermal power plant average PLF can sustain above 68 % until 2024-25. If followed, this path can be a breather for the thermal power plants.

scholarly journals Structural-&-Phase Condition and the Damageability of the Welded Joints of Steam Pipelines at Thermal Power Plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Vitaly Dmitrik ◽  
Igor Kasyanenko ◽  
Alexandr Krakhmalyov
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Phase Condition

The authors studied the interrelation between the type of structure and the damage rate of the welded joints of steam pipelines made of the heat-resistant pearlitic steels that were operated for a long time, i.e. more than 270 thousand hours in the conditions of creepage and low-cycle fatigue. The purpose of this research was to establish the interrelation between the structural-&-phase condition of the metal used for welded joints of the elements of steam systems and their damageability rate for the service life of welded joints exceeding 270 thousand hours. During the studies, the methods of optical and electron microscopy were used according to the requirements of the guideline documentation and also the methods that are used for the determination of mechanical properties. The level of their reliability has been substantiated and the residual life has been determined. To impart functional performances to welded joints we used well-known methods that were appropriately emended according to the structural changes of above joints. Such changes condition the conversion of the original structure of welded joints into the ferrite-carbide mixture. The availability of the conversion process of the initial structure on the thermal action zone sections (TAZ) of welded joints has essential distinctions due to a different disposition of metal to its own damageability. On the whole, the welded joints are damaged more intensively in comparison to the basic metal of steam pipelines. The analysis of the structural state of welded joints in the steam pipelines of thermal power plants as for the extension of their service life results in a considerable economic effect. Understanding the fact that the metal deterioration in welded joints adheres mainly to the fragile mechanism we managed to establish the level of their damageability that demands the renewal of damaged welded joints. We believe that the damageability level of welded joints that tots up to 0.25 or 0.35 of the volume of their TAZ section should be considered as critical for the service life exceeding 270 thousand hours. The damaged welded joints should be renewed throughout the time period of 15 to 20 thousand hours as soon as the specified damageability level is attained.

scholarly journals An Ultrasonic-Capacitive System for Online Characterization of Fuel Oils in Thermal Power Plants

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7979
Author(s):  
Mateus Mendes Campos ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Borges-da-Silva ◽  
Daniel de Almeida Arantes ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Teixeira ◽  
Erik Leandro Bonaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fuel Oils

This paper presents a ultrasonic-capacitive system for online analysis of the quality of fuel oils (FO), which are widely used to produce electric energy in Thermal Power Plants (TPP) due to their elevated heating value. The heating value, in turn, is linked to the quality of the fuel (i.e., the density and the amount of contaminants, such as water). Therefore, the analysis of the quality is of great importance for TPPs, either in order to avoid a decrease in generated power or in order to avoid damage to the TPP equipment. The proposed system is composed of two main strategies: a capacitive system (in order to estimate the water content in the fuel) and an ultrasonic system (in order to estimate the density). The conjunction of the two strategies is used in order to estimate the heating value of the fuel, online, as it passes through the pipeline and is an important tool for the TPP in order to detect counterfeit fuel. In addition, the ultrasonic system allows the estimation of the flow rate through the pipeline, hence estimating the amount of oil transferred and obtaining the total mass transferred as a feature of the system. Experimental results are provided for both sensors installed in a TPP in Brazil.

scholarly journals Areas of using environmentally friendly fuel combustion technologies at TPPs of the Irkutsk Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Georgiy Lachkov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
The Future

The use of coal as the main fuel at thermal power plants in the Irkutsk Region, the significant moral and physical depreciation at many of them of the main generating equipment, mainly boiler plants, due to the long service life, determine the relevance of environmental considerations in organizing rational energy supply to regional consumers in the future. The study of the age composition, technical and environmental characteristics of the boiler equipment of thermal power plants in the region. A review of advanced technologies for burning fuel in large installations with the aim of producing thermal and electric energy. Based on an analysis of the state and environmental characteristics of thermal power plants in the Irkutsk Region, a review of advanced technologies for burning fuel in large thermal power plants, the main directions of the future use of these technologies at thermal power plants in the region are considered, taking into account their features and environmental characteristics in order to reduce harmful emissions. The list of thermal power plants recommended for conversion to natural gas burning is determined, as well as the list of thermal power plants where it is advisable to use boilers with a ring furnace or boilers with a low-temperature vortex furnace. The potential volume of reduction of harmful emissions from the introduction of advanced technologies for fuel combustion at thermal power plants of the region is estimated.

scholarly journals Features of using gas turbine units as a source of electricity and heat at mini - thermal power plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
M.M. Zamaleev ◽  
Yu.V. Zhukova ◽  
A.V. Abramov ◽  
Yu.R. Abaidullina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The City

This article discusses the problem of introducing more resource-intensive methods of generating electricity and heat, the main of which is the use of small-sized gas turbine units (GTU). The creation of a Mini-Thermal Power Plant on the basis of the GTU allows solving the problem of the shortage of heat and electric energy in certain regions, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the housing and communal sector and industrial enterprises. This is due to the possibility of combined production of heat and electric energy, as well as products and services required in the municipal services of the city. This article presents ways to improve the energy efficiency of thermal power plants through the use of GTU.

scholarly journals Prerequisites for developing an advanced welding technology for repair of worn elements of steam-conducting systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Tatyana Syrenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Welding Technology ◽  
Conducting Path ◽  
Mechanized Welding

The main disadvantage of standard technologies of welding steam pipelines of thermal power plants is that they can allow the presence of defective structures close to the defective ones in the metal of the seam and in the sections of the HAZ. In this regard, the question arises about the development of a new technology that will provide the appropriate structure and properties that will increase the service life of steam pipelines and get a significant economic effect. Goal. The goal is improvement of the technology of welding pipelines of thermal power plants based on the study of the features of the formation of welded joints operating in Creep conditions. Methodology. The level of wear of the elements of the Steam-conducting path was estimated taking into account the provisions of the regulatory documentation of metallographic analysis, determination of chemical composition and properties, as well as the degree of their deformation. Results. It is revealed that welded joints are characterized by initial structural heterogeneity, which is closely related to long-term strength, ductility and impact strength. For example, at different sections of a welded joint, there is a different intensity of transition of alloying elements and, accordingly, a different type of structural component can be formed. The proposed technology of welding repair of damaged elements of steam pipelines using mechanized welding in CO2+Ar provides for the production of welded joints with a higher level of uniformity of structure, chemical composition and properties. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The welding technology has been improved, which includes developing the modes for performing repair work by mechanized welding in an Ar + CO2 environment of steam pipeline samples with a depth of ≥ 20 mm and a width of ≥ 30 mm, and differs from the known ones by using linear energy welding of 1.2–1.5 MJ/m.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document