scholarly journals An Ultrasonic-Capacitive System for Online Characterization of Fuel Oils in Thermal Power Plants

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7979
Author(s):  
Mateus Mendes Campos ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Borges-da-Silva ◽  
Daniel de Almeida Arantes ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Teixeira ◽  
Erik Leandro Bonaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fuel Oils

This paper presents a ultrasonic-capacitive system for online analysis of the quality of fuel oils (FO), which are widely used to produce electric energy in Thermal Power Plants (TPP) due to their elevated heating value. The heating value, in turn, is linked to the quality of the fuel (i.e., the density and the amount of contaminants, such as water). Therefore, the analysis of the quality is of great importance for TPPs, either in order to avoid a decrease in generated power or in order to avoid damage to the TPP equipment. The proposed system is composed of two main strategies: a capacitive system (in order to estimate the water content in the fuel) and an ultrasonic system (in order to estimate the density). The conjunction of the two strategies is used in order to estimate the heating value of the fuel, online, as it passes through the pipeline and is an important tool for the TPP in order to detect counterfeit fuel. In addition, the ultrasonic system allows the estimation of the flow rate through the pipeline, hence estimating the amount of oil transferred and obtaining the total mass transferred as a feature of the system. Experimental results are provided for both sensors installed in a TPP in Brazil.

Composite Сarbonaceous Сoal-Water Suspensions

2021 ◽  
Vol 1045 ◽  
pp. 212-225
Author(s):  
Olena Svietkina ◽  
Kostiantyn Bas ◽  
Sergiy Boruk ◽  
Roman Klishchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Yehurnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Water Suspensions ◽  
Ash And Slag Waste ◽  
Slag Waste

In Ukraine, up to 75% of all electricity is supplied by thermal power plants, the main type of fuel for which is coal, which leads to the release of ash and slag waste at power plants in huge quantities. Every 10 years (according to statistical data) the amount of ash and slag produced at thermal power plants doubles. The use and creation of new modified consumers of coal-water fuel (CWF) and coal-water suspensions (CWS) occurs periodically. The ease of handling suspensions is captivating: in the energy sector, they can serve as the basis for the effective disposal of numerous accumulated wastes from coal preparation and oil refining, a significant reduction in the consumption of minerals for generating heat and electric energy, and minimizing the effect of heat power engineering on public health and the state of nature.

scholarly journals Assessment of Renewable Alternatives to Coal, Based on Their High Heating Value and Global Warming Potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
V. Dhivakhar ◽  
Maju Varghese ◽  
Keerthi M. S. ◽  
S. Kaviya
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Green House Gas ◽  
High Heating

About 40% of the Global Electricity produced is fuelled by coal. Although Coal has various advantages like good High Heating Value, easy availability etc., it also has various disadvantages. Green House Gas Released from Coal Thermal Power Plants is the single major contributor to Global warming. Coal is also nonrenewable. Hence it is important to analyze the viability of potential alternatives and reduce the usage of coal. In this assessment, various potential replacements of coal have been analyzed based on their High heating value (HHV) and their Global Warming Potential. The Global warming Potential (GWP) of the assessed fuels have been calculated by the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) Factor method. Hence a direct comparison between Coal and other replacements based on their HHV and GWP has been performed.

Supplier Selection Criterion for SSCM in Indian Thermal Power Plant

2019 ◽  
pp. 240-257
Author(s):  
Suchismita Satapathy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Main Motive

All companies are dependent on their raw material providers. The same applies in the case of thermal power plants. The major raw material for a thermal power plant is the coal. There are a lot of companies which in turn provide this coal to the thermal power plant. Some of these companies are international; some are local, whereas the others are localized. The thermal power plants look into all the aspects of the coal providing company, before settling down for a deal. Some people are specifically assigned to the task of managing the supply chain. The main motive is to optimize the whole process and achieve higher efficiency. There are a lot of things which a thermal power plant looks into before finalizing a deal, such as the price, quality of goods, etc. Thus, it is very important for the raw material providers to understand each and every aspect of the demands of the thermal power plant. A combination of three methods—Delphi, SWARA, and modified SWARA—has been applied to a list of factors, which has later been ranked according to the weight and other relevant calculations.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF PROCUREMENT FOR DETERMINING THE CONTRACTOR OF ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC WORKS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Anton V. Nikonov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Maximum Price ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Price Offer

The article describes the difficulties faced by organizations engaged in engineering and geodetic work at power plants, with participation in procurement. It is shown that the majority of procurement participants are representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. The factors affecting the reduction in the price offer are given. It is noted that a decrease in the initial (maximum) price during the procurement procedures varies from 75 to 90%, which cannot but lead to a decrease in the quality of work, and often to falsification of reporting documentation. Conclusions are made on the example of three realized purchases by the definition of the contractor for geodetic work at thermal power plants.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF THE LEVEL OF STEAM POWER GENERATORS ON THE BASIS OF THE REGULATION CIRCUIT WITH SMOOTHING OF THE SIGNAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
Dilnoza Umurzakova
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to develop high-quality combined automatic control systems (ACS) for the water level in the drum of steam boilers of thermal power plants (TPPs), which can significantly improve the quality of regulation and increase the efficiency of TPPs in a wide range of load changes. To improve the quality of water level control in the drum of steam generators of nuclear power plants with a pressurized water-cooled power reactor (PWPR), it is proposed to use a combined automatic control system based on a control loop with a correcting PI-controller tuned to a symmetrical optimum, with smoothing the reference signal and device compensation of the most dangerous internal and external measurable disturbances. A technique has been developed for assessing the impact of changes in the quality characteristics of transients of combined self-propelled guns by the water level in the drum of steam boilers and steam generators on the safety, reliability, durability, and efficiency of thermal power equipment of thermal power plants. Comparison was made of direct indicators of the quality of three ACS (typical and three-pulse, digital system with an observer state, and the proposed combined ACS). The simulation results of transients of the proposed and typical three-pulse self-propelled guns confirmed the advantages of the first. ABSTRAK: Artikel ini bertujuan bagi membina sistem kombinasi automatik (ACS) berkualiti tinggi bagi aras air dalam drum dandang stim tenaga terma logi kuasa (TPP). Ini dapat meningkatkan mutu peraturan dan meningkatkan kecekapan TPP secara signifikan dengan pelbagai perubahan beban. Bagi meningkatkan kualiti kawalan aras air dalam drum penjana wap loji kuasa tenaga nuklear dengan reaktor berpendingin air bertekanan (PWPR). Gabungan sistem kawalan automatik berdasarkan gelung kawalan dengan pembetulan PI telah dicadangkan dan diselaraskan simetri secara optimum, dengan melancarkan isyarat rujukan dan pembetulan peranti dari gangguan yang boleh diukur dari dalam dan luar. Satu teknik telah dibina bagi menilai kesan perubahan ciri kualiti transien gabungan berjentera pada aras air di tong dandang stim dan drum penjana wap pada keselamatan, kebolehpercayaan, ketahanan dan kecekapan peralatan tenaga terma loji janakuasa. Perbandingan dibuat pada kualiti tiga ACS (sistem digital khas dan tiga signal dengan keadaan pemerhati dan gabungan ACS yang dicadangkan). Hasil sistem simulasi transien yang dicadangkan dan tiga signal biasa berjentera mengesahkan kelebihan pada yang pertama.

scholarly journals Characterization of the carbides in the steel X20CrMoV12.1 used in thermal power plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Anica Skobir ◽  
Matjaz Godec ◽  
Monika Jenko ◽  
Bostjan Markoli
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

scholarly journals Areas of using environmentally friendly fuel combustion technologies at TPPs of the Irkutsk Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Georgiy Lachkov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
The Future

The use of coal as the main fuel at thermal power plants in the Irkutsk Region, the significant moral and physical depreciation at many of them of the main generating equipment, mainly boiler plants, due to the long service life, determine the relevance of environmental considerations in organizing rational energy supply to regional consumers in the future. The study of the age composition, technical and environmental characteristics of the boiler equipment of thermal power plants in the region. A review of advanced technologies for burning fuel in large installations with the aim of producing thermal and electric energy. Based on an analysis of the state and environmental characteristics of thermal power plants in the Irkutsk Region, a review of advanced technologies for burning fuel in large thermal power plants, the main directions of the future use of these technologies at thermal power plants in the region are considered, taking into account their features and environmental characteristics in order to reduce harmful emissions. The list of thermal power plants recommended for conversion to natural gas burning is determined, as well as the list of thermal power plants where it is advisable to use boilers with a ring furnace or boilers with a low-temperature vortex furnace. The potential volume of reduction of harmful emissions from the introduction of advanced technologies for fuel combustion at thermal power plants of the region is estimated.

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