scholarly journals Performance Analysis of a PEM Fuel Cell Stack Having 150 cm2 Active Layer by Using Design of Experiments (DOE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Elif Eker Kahveci ◽  
Imdat Taymaz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Optimization Study

In this study, the effects of operating parameters on power density of a 3-cell PEMFC (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell) stack with serpentine flow channels having 150 cm2 total active layer have been examined experimentally. Desing Expert, which is the experimental design program (trial version) was used, and the data obtained as a result of the experiments were analyzed by entering this program. A total of 25 experiments were carried out according to the design created with the data entered into the program within the specified operating conditions range. The independent variables were entered which are cell temperature, humidification temperature, H2 flow rate and O2 flow rate, and the response is the power density. In this study, the hydrophobic cell stack which has the highest cell performance of which was previous studies results was used. In the optimization study, keeping the power density and maximum H2 flow to a minimum, the most suitable values are cell temperature 57.826°C, humidification temperature 56.151°C, O2 flow 1.587 L/min. Finally 432.398 mW/cm2 power density value was obtained under these operating conditions.

The Analysis of the Operating Characteristics in a 600W Air Cooling Portable PEMFC

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Jun Sohn ◽  
Gu-Gon Park ◽  
Tae-Hyun Yang ◽  
Young-Gi Yoon ◽  
Won-Yong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Optimal Output ◽  
The Relationship

To maintain proper operating conditions is important to get optimal output power of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack. The air cooled fuel cell stack is widely used in sub kW PEMFC systems. The higher the power density of a stack, however, the more difficult it is to get well balanced operating conditions for the system such as the relative humidity, the temperature of stack, the rate of usage of reactant and so on. A 600W air cooled PEMFC stack was experimentally investigated to evaluate the design performance and to get optimal operating conditions for the portable application. The relationship between the operating conditions and the performance was analyzed. The results can be used as design criteria for portable PEMFC under various conditions.

Effect of Operating Conditions on the Water Transport Phenomena at the Cathode of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hern Seo ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

Water management is very important for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell because the fuel cell performance is decreased by flooding phenomena generated by liquid water in the cathode channels. In addition, the proton conductivity and water transport of membrane could become different by hydration contents of membrane. This study is observed water transport phenomena of cathode channels with a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell according to various operating conditions. In order to obtain the water images, the transparent fuel cell consists of polycarbonate window of the cathode end plate and gold coated stainless steel as the flow field and current collector of the cathode. To investigate the effects of operating conditions on the water transport, experiments were conducted under various operating conditions such as cell temperature, cathode flow rate and cathode backpressure. As operating time elapsed, it is observed that the water droplet formation, growth, coalescence and removal occurred in the cathode channel. It can be known that the high cathode flow rate prevents water flooding by removal of water in the cathode flow channel. Also, the quantity of water droplet was increased by the high cathode backpressure.

Modeling and Experimental Analyses of a Two-Cell Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Stack Emphasizing Individual Cell Characteristics

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Kyun Park ◽  
Song-Yul Choe
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Individual Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
The Individual

Performance of individual cells in an operating polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack is different from each other because of inherent manufacturing tolerances of the cell components and unequal operating conditions for the individual cells. In this paper, first, effects of different operating conditions on performance of the individual cells in a two-cell PEM fuel cell stack have been experimentally investigated. The results of the experiments showed the presence of a voltage difference between the two cells that cannot be manipulated by operating conditions. The temperature of the supplying air among others predominantly influences the individual cell voltages. In addition, those effects are explored by using a dynamic model of a stack that has been developed. The model uses electrochemical voltage equations, dynamic water balance in the membrane, energy balance, and diffusion in the gas diffusion layer, reflecting a two-phase phenomenon of water. Major design parameters and an operating condition by conveying simulations have been changed to analyze sensitivity of the parameters on the performance, which is then compared with experimental results. It turns out that proton conductivity of the membrane in cells among others is the most influential parameter on the performance, which is fairly in line with the reading from the experimental results.

Experimental Study of Effects of Operating Conditions on Water Transport Phenomena in the Cathode of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hern Seo ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

Water management in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is important because fuel cell performance may be lower when flooding emerges. In addition, the proton conductivity and water transport coefficient in the membrane depend on the hydration of the membrane. In this study a water transport phenomenon in the cathode channels of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell was investigated under various operating conditions. To obtain images of the water the transparent fuel cell had a polycarbonate window installed at the cathode end plate, and gold-coated stainless steel was used for the flow field and current collector of the cathode. The effects of operating conditions on water transport manipulated operating parameters such as cell temperature, cathode flow rate, and cathode backpressure. As the operating time elapsed, it was observed that water droplet formation, growth, coalescence, and removal occurred in the cathode channel. It concluded that a high cathode flow rate prevented flooding by removing water from the cathode flow channel. Also, the quantity of water droplets increased with a high cathode backpressure.

scholarly journals Consistency analysis of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack during cold start

2019 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 420-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Lin ◽  
Yike Zhu ◽  
Meng Ni ◽  
Zhenghua Jiang ◽  
Diming Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Consistency Analysis ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

Lightweight PEM Fuel Cell Stack for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinmyun Jo ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Ali Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Test System ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Bipolar Plates ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts fuel into electricity. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been used for ground transportation due to its high efficiency and zero carbon emission. When it comes to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), PEMFCs can support much longer flight endurance than internal combustion engines and batteries do. However, a lightweight PEMFC stack is required in order to carry enough payload for UAVs. In this research, a lightweight fuel cell stack was developed and fabricated based on the Horizon fuel cell stack. The stack components, including end plates, bipolar plates, and interconnects were redesigned and fabricated to replace those heavy components. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) and electroplating were used to fabricate bipolar plates and interconnects, whereas the end plates were machined from Garolite XX plates. The fabricated lightweight PEMFC stacks were tested using a Scribner 850e Fuel Cell Test System. The lightweight stack assembled with six electroplated bipolar plates showed that the maximum power density estimated was 3.514 W/cm2 with 4.5 V and 1.6 A/cm2 conditions for 100 ml/min of H2. The same fuel cell stack tested at 200 ml/min and 300 ml/min showed higher maximum power densities than 100 ml/min. The presentation includes design and fabrication, performance characterization, weight reduction strategy, and future work.

scholarly journals Overcoming the Challenges for a Mass Manufacturing Machine for the Assembly of PEMFC Stacks

Machines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Porstmann ◽  
Wannemacher ◽  
Richter
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Modular Concept ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Manufacturing Machine

One of the major obstacles standing in the way of a break-through in fuel cell technology is its relatively high costs compared to well established fossil-based technologies. The reasons for these high costs predominantly lie in the use of non-standardized components, complex system components, and non-automated production of fuel cells. This problem can be identified at multiple levels, for example, the electrochemically active components of the fuel cell stack, peripheral components of the fuel cell system, and eventually on the level of stack and system assembly. This article focused on the industrialization of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack components and assembly. To achieve this, the first step is the formulation of the requirement specifications for the automated PEMFC stack production. The developed mass manufacturing machine (MMM) enables a reduction of the assembly time of a cell fuel cell stack to 15 minutes. Furthermore the targeted automation level is theoretically capable of producing up to 10,000 fuel cell stacks per year. This will result in a ~50% stack cost reduction through economies of scale and increased automation. The modular concept is scalable to meet increasing future demand which is essential for the market ramp-up and success of this technology.

scholarly journals An experimental investigation of solid oxide fuel cell performance at variable operating conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1421-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismet Tikiz ◽  
Imdat Taymaz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Flow ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

Cell temperature and selection of the reactant gases are crucial parameters for the design and optimization of fuel cell performance. In this study, effect of operating conditions on the performance of Solid Oxide Fuel (SOFC) has been investigated. Application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize operations conditions in SOFC. For this purpose, an experimental set up for testing of SOFC has been established to investigate the effect of Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen flow rates and cell temperature parameters on cell performance. Hydrogen flow rate, oxygen flow rate, nitrogen flow rate and cell temperature were the main parameters considered and they were varied between 0.25 and 1 L/min, 0.5 and 1 L/min, 0 and 1 L/min and 700-800 oC in the analyses respectively. The maximum power density was found as 0.572 W/cm2 in the experiments.

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