scholarly journals Current Status and Development Trends of Sludge Disposal Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Siyan Huang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Lianguo Ji
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Sludge Disposal

Sludge is a typical solid waste of sewage treatment plants, and its disposal methods have attracted much attention. This paper summarized the current technical routes for sludge disposal in China, including anaerobic digestion, anaerobic fermentation, incineration, landfill, land utilization, and building materials utilization. In the context of energy saving and carbon reduction and the promotion of resource recovery, enhanced pretreatment technology of sludge anaerobic digestion and anaerobic fermentation technology for fuel gas production are the first choices for sludge disposal and resource utilization. In addition, the development trend of sludge disposal technology was analyzed.

scholarly journals Numerical Comparison of a Combined Hydrothermal Carbonization and Anaerobic Digestion System with Direct Combustion of Biomass for Power Production

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
Shakirudeen Salaudeen ◽  
Omid Norouzi ◽  
Bishnu Acharya ◽  
Animesh Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Numerical Comparison ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Direct Combustion ◽  
Balance Analysis

Two of the methods for converting biomass to fuel are hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and anaerobic digestion (AD). This study is aimed at designing and analyzing two scenarios for bioenergy production from undervalued biomass (sawdust). In one of the scenarios (direct combustion or DC), raw biomass is burned in a combustor to provide the heat that is required by the Rankine cycle to generate electricity. In the other scenario (HTC-AD), the raw biomass first undergoes HTC treatment. While the solid product (hydrochar) is used to produce power by a Rankine cycle, the liquid by-product undergoes an AD process. This results in fuel gas production and it can be used in a Brayton cycle to generate more power. Energy and mass balance analysis of both scenarios were developed for each unit process by using Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The required data were obtained experimentally or from the literature. The performances of the proposed systems were evaluated, and a sensitivity analysis was presented to help in finding the best operational conditions.

Study of Methane Production by High Temperature Anaerobic Fermentation of Chicken Manure and Stalks

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Yongku Li ◽  
Xiaomin Hu ◽  
Lei Feng
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Production Rates

The changing parameters, as the biogas production rate, the methane production rate, the cumulative biogas amount, the cumulative methane amount, the biogas composition, pH etc. in high temperature anaerobic fermentation of chicken manure and stalks were analyzed by experiments with different mass ratios of chicken manure or livestock manure and stalks with a high C/N ratio. The methane production mechanism of high temperature anaerobic digestion of chicken manure and stalks was discussed in detail. It showed that not only the biogas production rates but also the methane production rates of R1–R7 demonstrated the trend of initial increase and then decrease after 50 d of high temperature anaerobic digestion. Besides, the gas production of R1 with pure chicken manure stopped on the 30th d of the reaction. The gas production of other groups R2–R7 also stopped on the corresponding 34th, 36th, 36th, 37th, 37th, and 37th day, respectively. At the end of the reaction, the cumulative biogas amounts and the cumulative methane amounts of R1–R7 were 411.58 and 269.54, 459.91 and 314.41, 425.32 and 294.11, 401.85 and 272.54, 382.63 and 257.07, 363.04 and 218.16, and 257.15 and 160.10 N ml/(g VS). The biogas slurry pH of R1–R7 all demonstrated a trend of initial decrease and then increase, e. g., pH of R2 reached the minimum of 5.94 on the 5th day. pH values of other groups were between 6.01 and 6.39. After the addition of 4 g of sodium bicarbonate on the 7th day, biogas slurry pH of R1–R7 all increased. pH was maintained between 7.16 and 7.44 until the end of the reaction.

Fuel gas production by anaerobic digestion of kelp

1976 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Troiano ◽  
D.L. Wise ◽  
D.C. Augenstein ◽  
R.G. Kispert ◽  
C.L. Cooney
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Fuel Gas

scholarly journals Application of the Initial Rate Method in Anaerobic Digestion of Kitchen Waste

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Feng ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Wei Kou ◽  
Xianming Lang ◽  
Yiwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
First Order ◽  
Hydrolysis Constants ◽  
Reaction Orders ◽  
Rate Method ◽  
Kinetics Of

This article proposes a methane production approach through sequenced anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste, determines the hydrolysis constants and reaction orders at both low total solid (TS) concentrations and high TS concentrations using the initial rate method, and examines the population growth model and first-order hydrolysis model. The findings indicate that the first-order hydrolysis model better reflects the kinetic process of gas production. During the experiment, all the influential factors of anaerobic fermentation retained their optimal values. The hydrolysis constants and reaction orders at low TS concentrations are then employed to demonstrate that the first-order gas production model can describe the kinetics of the gas production process. At low TS concentrations, the hydrolysis constants and reaction orders demonstrated opposite trends, with both stabilizing after 24 days at 0.99 and 1.1252, respectively. At high TS concentrations, the hydrolysis constants and the reaction orders stabilized at 0.98 (after 18 days) and 0.3507 (after 14 days), respectively. Given sufficient reaction time, the hydrolysis involved in anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste can be regarded as a first-order reaction in terms of reaction kinetics. This study serves as a good reference for future studies regarding the kinetics of anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste.

THERMAL PLASMA GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS FOR FUEL GAS PRODUCTION

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 299-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Hrabovsky ◽  
M. Hlina ◽  
M. Konrad ◽  
Vladimir Kopecky ◽  
T. Kavka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Plasma Gasification

Gasification as an optimum alternative for the sludge management

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Peregrina ◽  
J. M. Audic ◽  
P. Dauthuille
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Cleaning System

Assimilate sludge to a fuel is not new. Sludge incineration and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) engines powered with sludge-derived anaerobic digestion gas (ADG) are operations widely used. However, they have a room of improvement to reach simultaneously a positive net power generation and a significant level of waste reduction and stabilization. Gasification has been used in other realms for the conversion of any negative-value carbon-based materials, that would otherwise be disposed as waste, to a gaseous product with a usable heating value for power generation . In fact, the produced gas, the so-called synthetic gas (or syngas), could be suitable for combined heat and power motors. Within this framework gasification could be seen as an optimum alternative for the sludge management that would allow the highest waste reduction yield (similar to incineration) with a high power generation. Although gasification remains a promising route for sewage sludge valorisation, campaigns of measurements show that is not a simple operation and there are still several technical issues to resolve before that gasification was considered to be fully applied in the sludge management. Fluidised bed was chosen by certain technology developers because it is an easy and well known process for solid combustion, and very suitable for non-conventional fuels. However, our tests showed a poor reliable process for gasification of sludge giving a low quality gas production with a significant amount of tars to be treated. The cleaning system that was proposed shows a very limited removal performance and difficulties to be operated. Within the sizes of more common WWTP, an alternative solution to the fluidised bed reactor would be the downdraft bed gasifier that was also audited. Most relevant data of this audit suggest that the technology is more adapted to the idea of sludge gasification presented in the beginning of this paper where a maximum waste reduction is achieved with a great electricity generation thanks to the use of a “good” quality syngas in a CHP engine. Audit show also that there is still some work to do in order to push sludge gasification to a more industrial stage. Regardless what solution would be preferred, the resulting gasification system would involve a more complex scenario compared to Anaerobic Digestion and Incineration, characterised by a thermal dryer and gasifier with a complete gas cleaning system. At the end, economics, reliability and mass and energy yields should be carefully analysed in order to set the place that gasification would play in the forthcoming processing of sewage sludge.

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