HT-KZ detector system: R&D considerations and prototype performance

Following the experience with the Horizon-10T detector systems, a completely new detector of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) has been designed to be built at Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan. The motivation of building HorizonT-Kazakhstan is to study in detail the phenomenon of the multi-modal EAS events that were initially explored by Horizon-8T and 10T detector systems. This detector will have a ns-level resolution of charged particle arrival times and pulse shape resolution. Each detection point is designed to have a total scintillation area approximately equal to 7.7 m2 and consists of three 1.6×1.6 m detectors located in a triangular arrangement for the local determination of the EAS disk arrival direction, and to have ns precision in timing between points. Local arrival direction is important following evidence of large angle differences in the multimodal events seen previously.

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Studies of the UHECR Mass Composition and Hadronic Interactions with the FD and SD of the Pierre Auger Observatory

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201920901042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 209 ◽

pp. 01042 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. M. Carceller

Keyword(s):

Energy Range ◽

Cross Section ◽

Pierre Auger Observatory ◽

Mass Composition ◽

Air Showers ◽

Arrival Times ◽

Hadronic Interactions ◽

High Energies ◽

Systematic Uncertainties ◽

Particle Arrival

With data on the depth of maximum Xmax collected during more than a decade of operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we report on the inferences on the mass composition of UHECRs in the energy range E = 1017.2 – 1019.6 eV and on the measurements of the proton-air cross section for energies up to 1018.5 eV. We also present the results on Xmax obtained using the information on the particle arrival times recorded by the SD stations allowing us to extend the Xmax measurements up to 1020 eV. The inferences on mass composition, in particular using the data of the SD, are subject to systematic uncertainties due to uncertainties in the description of hadronic interactions at ultra-high energies. We discuss this problem with respect to the properties of the muonic component of extensive air-showers as derived from the SD data.

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Determination of strontium in biological materials by charged-particle activation analysis using the stable isotope dilution method

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry ◽

10.1007/bf02061040 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

K. Masumoto ◽

M. Yagi

Keyword(s):

Charged Particle ◽

Activation Analysis ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Isotope Dilution Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Charged Particle Activation Analysis ◽

Stable Isotope Dilution ◽

Charged Particle Activation ◽

Particle Activation

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Local Determination of Weak Anisotropy Parameters from qP -wave Slowness and Particle Motion Measurements

Pure and Applied Geophysics ◽

10.1007/s00024-002-8713-z ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 159 (7-8) ◽

pp. 1881-1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

X. Zheng ◽

I. Pšenčík

Keyword(s):

Particle Motion ◽

Weak Anisotropy ◽

Local Determination ◽

Anisotropy Parameters ◽

Motion Measurements

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Distribution of arrival times in cosmic ray showers

Advances in Applied Probability ◽

10.2307/1426654 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 730-735

Author(s):

H. S. Green

Keyword(s):

Cosmic Radiation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Stochastic Theory ◽

Cosmic Ray ◽

Time Of Arrival ◽

Air Showers ◽

Actual Distribution ◽

Arrival Times ◽

Primary Particles ◽

Theoretical Analyses

The theoretical analyses of the extensive air showers developing from the cosmic radiation has its origins in the work of Carlson and Oppenheimer (1937) and Bhabha and Heitler (1937), at a time when it was thought that such showers were initiated by electrons. The realization that protons and other nuclei were the primary particles led to a reformulation of the theory by Heitler and Janossy (1949), Messel and Green (1952) and others, in which the production of energetic pions and the three-dimensional development of air showers were accounted for. But as the soft (electromagnetic) component of the cosmic radiation is the most prominent feature of air showers at sea level, there has been a sustained interest in the theory of this component. Most of the more recent work, such as that by Butcher and Messel (1960) and Thielheim and Zöllner (1972) has relied on computer simulation; but this method has disadvantages in terms of accuracy and presentation of results, especially where a simultaneous analysis of the development of air showers in terms of several physical variables is required. This is so for instance when the time of arrival is one of the variables. Moyal (1956) played an important part in the analytical formulation of a stochastic theory of cosmic ray showers, with time as an explicit variable, and it is essentially this approach which will be adopted in the following. The actual distribution of arrival times is cosmic ray showers, for which results are obtained, is of current experimental interest (McDonald, Clay and Prescott (1977)).

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Determination of theQ-value dependence of charged particle emission in the40Ca+40Ca reaction at 10 MeV/nucleon

Zeitschrift für Physik A Atoms and Nuclei ◽

10.1007/bf01435051 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 294 (2) ◽

pp. 159-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Ameaume ◽

G. Bizard ◽

J. L. Laville ◽

M. Louvel ◽

P. Colombani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Charged Particle ◽

Particle Emission ◽

Charged Particle Emission

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Local determination of oxygenation and cell vitality in multicellular spheroids by microelectrodes and photometry

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - Oxygen Transport to Tissue XVI ◽

10.1007/978-1-4615-1875-4_36 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 231-231

Author(s):

G. Holtermann ◽

A. Görlach ◽

N. Opitz ◽

M. Wartenberg ◽

H. Acker

Keyword(s):

Multicellular Spheroids ◽

Cell Vitality ◽

Local Determination

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On the possibility to discriminate the mass of the primary cosmic ray using the muon arrival times from extensive air showers: Application for Pierre Auger Observatory

10.1063/1.4768508 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. Arsene ◽

H. Rebel ◽

O. Sima

Keyword(s):

Cosmic Ray ◽

Extensive Air Showers ◽

Pierre Auger Observatory ◽

Air Showers ◽

Arrival Times

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On the lyman problem

Open Physics ◽

10.2478/bf02476296 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Václav Kolár

Keyword(s):

Classical Field Theory ◽

Integral Boundary ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Local Determination ◽

Vorticity Flux ◽

Effective Part ◽

Definition Of ◽

Vorticity Transport ◽

Creation Rate

AbstractThis paper attempts to answer Lyman's question (1990) on the non-uniqueness in defining the 3D measure of the boundary vorticity-creation rate. Firstly, a straightforward analysis of the vorticity equation introduces a definition of a general vorticity flux-density tensor and its ‘effective’ part. The approach is strictly based on classical field theory and is independent of the constitutive structure of continuous medium. Secondly, the fundamental question posed by Lyman dealing with the ambiguity of the 3D measure of the boundary vorticity-creation rate for incompressible flow is discussed. It is shown that the original 3D measure (for an incompressible Newtonian fluid defined by Panton 1984), which is reminiscent of an analogy to Fourier's law, is in its character ‘effective’ and plays a crucial role in the prognostic vorticity transport equation. The alternative 3D measure proposed by Lyman includes, on the other hand, a ‘non-effective’ part, which plays a role in the local determination of the ‘effective’ measure as well as in a certain diagnostic integral boundary condition.

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