scholarly journals The Major Sudden Stratospheric Warming Impact on Mid-Latitude Surface Weather

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Yuke Wang ◽  
Oleksandr Evtushevsky ◽  
Gennadi Milinevsky ◽  
Valery Shulga ◽  
Yuliia Yukhymchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
East China ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Sudden Stratospheric Warming ◽  
North East ◽  
Surface Weather ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The possible relation of a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) with the mid-latitude surface weather conditions was investigated using data from the ERA-Interim and NCEP–NCAR reanalyzes. An important feature of the SSW event is the impact on lower altitudes, when temperature and wind anomalies descend downward into the high- and mid-latitude troposphere during the weeks or even month and influence the surface weather [1, 2]. Owing to known SSW impacts on the surface weather [2], we consider the possible relation of the SSW event in winter 2018 to cold weather anomaly in the Northern Ukraine and North-East China in February 2018.

scholarly journals Winter 2018 major sudden stratospheric warming impact on midlatitude mesosphere from microwave radiometer measurements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuke Wang ◽  
Valery Shulga ◽  
Gennadi Milinevsky ◽  
Aleksey Patoka ◽  
Oleksandr Evtushevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zonal Wind ◽  
Geopotential Height ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Sudden Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Easterly Wind ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Midlatitude Mesosphere

Abstract. The impact of a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the Arctic in February 2018 on the mid-latitude mesosphere was investigated by performing microwave radiometer measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) and zonal wind above Kharkiv, Ukraine (50.0° N, 36.3° E). The mesospheric peculiarities of this SSW event were observed using recently designed and installed microwave radiometer in East Europe for the first time. The data from the ERA-Interim and NCEP–NCAR reanalyses, as well as the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements, have been also used. Microwave observations of the daily CO profiles in January–March 2018 allowed retrieving mesospheric zonal wind at 70–85 km (below the winter mesopause) over the Kharkiv site. The reverse of the mesospheric westerly from about 10 m s−1 to the easterly wind of about −10 m s−1 around 10 February has been registered. Local microwave observations in the NH midlatitudes combined with reanalysis data show wide ranges of daily variability in CO, zonal wind, temperature and geopotential height in the mesosphere and stratosphere during the SSW 2018. Oscillations in the vertical CO profile, zonal wind, and geopotential height during the SSW, stratopause disappearance after the SSW onset and strong CO and westerly wind peaks at the start of the SSW recovery phase have been observed. The observed CO variability can be explained by vertical and horizontal air mass redistribution due to planetary wave activity with the replacement of the CO-rich air by CO-poor air and vice versa, in agreement with other studies. The results of microwave measurements of CO and zonal wind in the midlatitude mesosphere at 70–85 km altitudes, which still is not adequately covered by ground-based observations, are useful for improving our understanding of the SSW impacts in this region.

scholarly journals Winter 2018 major sudden stratospheric warming impact on midlatitude mesosphere from microwave radiometer measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 10303-10317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuke Wang ◽  
Valerii Shulga ◽  
Gennadi Milinevsky ◽  
Aleksey Patoka ◽  
Oleksandr Evtushevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zonal Wind ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Sudden Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Easterly Wind ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Midlatitude Mesosphere

Abstract. The impact of a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the Arctic in February 2018 on the midlatitude mesosphere is investigated by performing the microwave radiometer measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) and zonal wind above Kharkiv, Ukraine (50.0∘ N, 36.3∘ E). The mesospheric peculiarities of this SSW event were observed using a recently designed and installed microwave radiometer in eastern Europe for the first time. Data from the ERA-Interim and MERRA-2 reanalyses, as well as the Aura microwave limb sounder measurements, are also used. Microwave observations of the daily CO profiles in January–March 2018 allowed for the retrieval of mesospheric zonal wind at 70–85 km (below the winter mesopause) over the Kharkiv site. Reversal of the mesospheric westerly from about 10 m s−1 to an easterly wind of about −10 m s−1 around 10 February was observed. The local microwave observations at our Northern Hemisphere (NH) midlatitude site combined with reanalysis data show wide-ranging daily variability in CO, zonal wind, and temperature in the mesosphere and stratosphere during the SSW of 2018. The observed local CO variability can be explained mainly by horizontal air mass redistribution due to planetary wave activity. Replacement of the CO-rich polar vortex air by CO-poor air of the surrounding area led to a significant mesospheric CO decrease over the station during the SSW and fragmentation of the vortex over the station at the SSW start caused enhanced stratospheric CO at about 30 km. The results of microwave measurements of CO and zonal wind in the midlatitude mesosphere at 70–85 km altitudes, which still are not adequately covered by ground-based observations, are useful for improving our understanding of the SSW impacts in this region.

scholarly journals Productivity Analysis of Micro-Trenching Using Simphony Simulation Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2131-2142
Author(s):  
Hediyeh Vaseli ◽  
Leila Hashemian ◽  
Alireza Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Project Duration ◽  
Installation Depth ◽  
The Impact

Micro-trenching is an innovative method for installing fiber optic cable in residential areas and business districts which minimizes surface scarring and potential negative social and environmental impacts. This method has three major steps including cutting a narrow trench in the pavement, cable installation and trench backfilling. This paper discusses a Simphony simulation model of the micro-trenching procedure and analyzes its productivity. Brief descriptions of the micro-trenching method and two field installations used to validate the model are included. A simulation model was developed for two different installation depths of 7.6 and 23 cm using two different methods. To provide an estimation of project duration, the impact of weather conditions on micro-trenching productivity was also considered. The developed model can be used for what if scenarios and for predicting the outcomes, which may be useful for studying the procedure and verifying if any productivity improvement can be achieved. The results indicate that the influence of installation depth is more significant than the impact of weather conditions. Reducing installation depth from 23 cm to 7.6 could improve productivity up to 50% while cold weather condition can reduce productivity by 18.8%. The simulation model demonstrates that the productivity can be improved up to 16% by overlapping two steps during the installation process: starting the cleaning procedure when a portion of cutting is completed. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091607 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Tropospheric circulation response to sudden stratospheric warming observed in January 2013

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-254
Author(s):  
A.I. Pogoreltsev ◽  
O.G. Aniskina ◽  
A.Y. Kanukhina ◽  
T.S. Ermakova ◽  
A.I. Ugryumov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Synoptic Situation ◽  
Dynamical Regime ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Sudden Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Tropospheric Circulation

Analysis of the dynamical regime changes in the stratosphere during different phases of the Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) that has been observed in January 2013 is presented. The different mechanisms of SSW influence on the tropospheric circulation through the stationary planetary waves (SPWs) reflection and/or increase in SPWs activity due to nonlinear interaction with the mean flow and their subsequent propagation into the troposphere are discussed. Three-dimensional wave activity flux and its divergence are determined using the UK Met Office data; the synoptic situation and its changes during the SSW events are analyzed. The wave activity penetrates downward from stratosphere into the troposphere and can affect weather processes during the SSW and right afterwards. It is this time that polar anticyclones can be formed at high latitudes, which quickly go southward along meridional directions and then deviate to the East at middle latitudes. Interestingly, the locations of polar anticyclone formations and subsequent displacements correspond to the regions of maximal horizontal wave activity fluxes connected with stratospheric processes. The results obtained allow us to suggest that accounting of stratospheric processes and their influence on the troposphere in winter season can improve the middle-range forecast of anticyclone formation and cold weather events at middle latitudes.

Simulation modeling of weather-sensitive tunnelling construction activities subject to cold weather

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shahin ◽  
S.M. AbouRizk ◽  
Y. Mohamed ◽  
S. Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Project Schedule ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Weather Impact ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Weather Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact

In cold regions, weather introduces a great deal of uncertainty to weather-sensitive construction activities, resulting in project schedules that deviate from plans. To maximize construction process productivity, decisions regarding process execution planning and sequence of work need to be made, based on reliable plans and schedules. Faced with winter weather uncertainty in cold regions, this task becomes quite challenging. This paper follows the framework that was proposed in the literature for simulating weather-sensitive construction projects executed under cold weather conditions. In the literature, the authors applied the framework steps to enable simulating and planning pipeline construction activities under severe cold weather. The proposed framework sets out a work breakdown structure of activities to account for and quantify weather impact on the project schedule. The steps outlined in the framework are followed to enable simulating and planning tunnelling construction activities executed under severe cold weather conditions. Relevant simulation findings, which clarify the impact of cold weather events on construction projects and can assist in project planning and decision support, are reported.

scholarly journals Cross-validation of GPS tomography models and methodological improvements using CORS network

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugues Brenot ◽  
Witold Rohm ◽  
Michal Kačmařík ◽  
Gregor Möller ◽  
André Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Vapour Density ◽  
Independent Observations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Using data from the Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS), recorded in March 2010 during severe weather in the Victoria State, in southern Australia, sensitivity and statistical results of GPS tomography retrievals (water vapour density and wet refractivity) from 5 models have been tested and verified – considering independent observations from radiosonde and radio occultation profiles. The impact of initial conditions, associated with different time-convergence of tomography inversion, can reduce the normalised RMS of the tomography solution with respect to radiosonde estimates by a multiple (up to more than 3). Thereby it is illustrated that the quality of the apriori data in combination with iterative processing is critical, independently of the choice of the tomography model. However, the use of data stacking and pseudo-slant observations can significantly improve the quality of the retrievals, due to a better geometrical distribution and a better coverage of mid- and low-tropospheric parts. Besides, the impact of the uncertainty of GPS observations has been investigated, showing the interest of using several sets of data input to evaluate tomography retrievals in comparison to independent external measurements, and to estimate simultaneously the quality of NWP outputs. Finally, a comparison of our multi-model tomography with numerical weather prediction from ACCESS-A model shows the relevant use of tomography retrieval to improve the understanding of such severe weather conditions, especially about the initiation of the deep convection.

Dynamical-Chemical Feedbacks in General Circulation Models and Their Influence on Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Dimdore-Miles ◽  
Lesley Gray ◽  
Scott Osprey
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Sudden Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Stratospheric Polar Vortex ◽  
Feedback Mechanisms ◽  
Surface Climate ◽  
The Impact

<p>Sudden Stratospheric Warming events (SSWs) are rapid disruptions of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter stratospheric polar vortex and represent the largest source of inter-annual variability in the NH winter stratosphere. They have been linked to winter surface climate anomalies such as cold snaps over North America and Eurasia. Representing these events accurately in large scale GCMs as well as developing a greater understanding of them is key to improving predictability of winter surface climate. A key component of a GCM is its representation of atmospheric chemistry. Chemical distributions are either prescribed or calculated interactively by coupling an atmospheric chemistry model to radiation and dynamical components, thus capturing any chemical dynamical feedback mechanisms but incurring significant running cost.</p><p>This work evaluates the impact of interactive chemistry when modelling SSW events and explores the feedback mechanisms between chemical distributions and stratospheric dynamical variability. Pre-industrial control runs from the MetOffice HadGEMGC3.1 model which prescribes chemical fields and UKESM1 which calculates trace gas concentration interactively are utilised. Over the whole season - The Earth System Model appears to suppress warmings while the model with prescribed physics overestimates their occurrence compared to reanalysis. The differing representation of the equatorial stratosphere appears to be partially responsible for this difference. Additionally we find that middle stratosphere equatorial ozone concentration in late NH summer is closely associated with SSW probability in the ensuing winter in UKESM1. Anomalously low ozone is generally associated with an elevated SSW rate. This implies a chemical-dynamical coupling between the equator and the vortex in this model which preliminary results suggest could be driven by chemical feedbacks influencing the state of the early winter Quasi Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and Semi-Annual Oscillation (SAO) in zonal winds which can alter the distribution of planetary wave propagation and breaking (the primary cause of SSWs). Further work will assess whether this phenomenon is observed in other GCMs and further explore the physical mechanisms responsible.</p>

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