scholarly journals Source data for modeling of thermal engineering calculations

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Pavlína Charvátová ◽  
Roman Šubrt
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Climatological Data ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Thermal Engineering Calculations

Increasing demands on thermal insulation. Their more accurate assessment by computers lead to increasingly bigger differences between computational models and reality. The result is an increasingly problematic optimization of building design. One of the key initial parameters is climatological data.

Understanding the Impact of Occupancy Trends in Sustainable Housing Designs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Piacenza ◽  
Salvador Mayoral ◽  
Sean Lin ◽  
Lauren Won ◽  
Xava Grooms
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Student Housing ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Course Scheduling ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
The Impact

As sustainable building mandates become more prevalent in new commercial buildings, it is a challenge to create a broad, one-size-fits-all certification process. While designers can estimate energy usage with computation tools such as model based design, anticipating the post occupancy usage is more difficult. Understanding energy usage trends is especially complicated in university student housing buildings, where occupancy varies significantly as a function of enrollment and course scheduling. This research explores the effect of student occupancy on both predicted and actual energy usage in a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum certified student housing complex. A case study is presented from the California State University Fullerton (CSUF) campus, and examines diversity factor, defined as a building’s instantaneous energy usage as a percentage of the maximum allowable usage during a period of time, trends throughout the academic year. The CSUF case diversity factor is compared to the diversity factor used in predictive models for obtaining LEED certification, and the mandates that govern the models (e.g., ASHRAE 90.1). The results of the analysis show the benefits of considering post occupancy usage in sustainable building designs, and recommendations are presented for creating unique and application based computational models, early in the design process. This research has broad applications, and can extend to sustainable building design in other organizations, whose operational schedule falls outside of current prediction methods for sustainability mandates.

Thermal Insulation Materials With High-Porous Structure Based on the Soluble Glass and Technogenic Mineral Fillers

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Dmytro Storozhenko ◽  
Oleksandr Dryuchko ◽  
Teofil Jesionowski
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Soluble Glass ◽  
Study Results

The raw material mixture from the silicon-like technogenic component the ash-removal of thermal power plants and the preparation methods of  waterproof porous heat-insulated materials wide usage for raw mass hot foaming powdered two-stage technology are developed. The development uses the polyfunctional properties of liquid glass  as a) the binder component; c) breeder; c) the speed regulator of the clamping mass hardenin. Its optimized version begins to solidify at its usual temperature from the moment its "reproduction" is soluble glass and forms a paste-shaped cake with a set of properties necessary for the next fragmentation. The proposed formulation allows compositions processing in various ways, with the formation of granular heat-insulating fillers, materials for thermal insulation in complex structures, slab and shell-like types of thermal insulation materials. The task is set, depending on the goals and features of the tasks being solved; it is possible to conduct several different methods at the final stages of their obtaining. Two stages of the recycling process determine the character and behavior of the rare-glass composite systems constituent components during heat treatment, their strong adhesion to most structural materials and the need to solve billets easy removal problem from the molding unit. Study results can be used in the field of building materials production, in particular porous artificial products, in obtaining granular insulating material and light aggregate for concrete industrial and civil construction, in thermal engineering as thermal insulation, etc.   

Mechanical and Thermal Engineering for High Temperature Fuel Cell Systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauli Salminen ◽  
Esa Ahlgren ◽  
Petri Kuosmanen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
System Design ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
System Layout

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems achieve high electrical efficiency and can utilize many types of fuels such as methanol or biogas. These systems operate at high temperatures up to 600–1000 °C. Due to high temperatures, mechanical engineering must be combined with thermal engineering through the design work. System design for SOFC systems should take into account several functions such as mechanical support of components, thermal insulation, instrumentation, compensation for thermal expansion and heat recovery as well as conduction of gases through channels, piping or open cavities. One should note that many of these functions have strong interactions and cannot be designed without an effect on the system as a whole. When a system is designed to fulfill all the expectations, it will have a compact size, good thermal properties, small pressure losses and good overall performance together with a competitive price, long system lifetime and easy maintenance. This article aims to improve the mechanical structure of SOFC systems. In addition, our aim is to give sophisticated recommendations for a system design. To achieve this, we have used systematic concept development tools and methodologies to investigate the interactions and relative importance of system requirements and functions. Our key result from this study is that engineers must use a holistic approach when designing a high temperature system with strong interactions between system functions and components. Contrary to our former expectations, these systems could not be designed well by methods that are based on reductionism. In practice, this means that thermal engineering must be utilized from the very beginning. Thermal insulation concept should be selected during the first design steps since this has a great effect on system layout. Mechanical engineering is needed in system layout design in order to solve problems related to the thermal expansion and support of components. Combined thermal and structural analysis utilizing finite element methods can be used to develop or optimize mechanical key components and system layout. The best results can be achieved by using a holistic approach during the design process. In addition, it is beneficial to keep the system as simple and compact as possible. To achieve this, the integration of functions and components must be increased. Thus, SOFC system performance is greatly dependent on system design, not only of its components alone. Findings obtained from this study can be used by researchers designing experimental apparatuses or by companies manufacturing full scale SOFC systems.

Optimization Models of Heat Treatment Process of Masonry in the Winter due to a Stationary Heating System Constructed Buildings Oil Production Complex

2015 ◽  
Vol 725-726 ◽  
pp. 728-733
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sultanova ◽  
Igor Fedortsev ◽  
Vladimir Filippov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Flow Management ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Stationary Heating ◽  
Thermal Engineering Calculations

In this work we propose a new method of heat treatment of the masonry in the winter and the algorithm flow management masonry that reduces overall construction time of the building. Under the proposed algorithm calculating the heat treatment of masonry in winter conditions with stationary heating house developed software that automates the thermal engineering calculations and the necessary organizational and technological parameters of the organization of building flow, which greatly optimizes the performance of the project

scholarly journals To the determination of heat exchange conditions near the inner surface of walls with reflective thermal insulation from aluminium foil

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 02035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Umnyakova ◽  
Mikhail Gandzhuntsev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Inner Surface

Materials with a low coefficient of surface radiation intensively reflect the radiant component of the heat flux and reduce heat losses through the building envelope. When designing building structures with reflective thermal insulation it is necessary to evaluate the efficiency of its application. However, at present there are no methods for calculating the value of thermal losses through external walls in the presence of reflective thermal insulation on internal surface of the wall, as well as there are no data on the values of heat transfer coefficients at the inner surface of building envelope with reflective thermal insulation. In this regard, in the climatic chambers of NIISF RAABS, complex thermal engineering studies were carried out. For this a cellular concrete wall 2,8 x1,2 m was put up into the chamber with reflective thermal insulation on the inner surface and without it. The obtained results of experimental studies, presented in the work, allowed obtaining numerical values of heat transfer coefficients at the inner surface of walls with reflective thermal insulation, and use the obtained data in further calculations.

THERMAL MODERNIZATION OF PROTECTING CONSTRUCTIONS OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

2020 ◽  
pp. 286-296
Author(s):  
Evgenіі Sakhno ◽  
◽  
Oleksiі Tereshchuk ◽  
Stanislav Fedortsov ◽  
Victor Siplevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Low Level

Urgency of the research. It is well known that most of the building envelopes are occupied by external walls, so their influence on the loss of heat by the building is the main one. Therefore, when using facade insulation systems, not only a high rate of thermal conductivity is ensured, but also a normal moisture-resistant mode of structures during operation, and hence comfortable conditions for people to live. As a rule, heat-insulating materials are used for thermal insulation of exterior walling, and in multilayer walling, heat-insulating materials are used as a heat-insulating layer. Target setting. When carrying out construction work, it should be borne in mind that the thermal modernization of buildings is a whole range of works aimed at rationalizing the heat engineering indicators of building envelopes, indicators of energy consumption by engineering systems and ensuring the energy efficiency of buildings at a level not lower than that established by the minimum requirements for energy efficiency. Actualscientific researches and issues analysis. The work reviewed the latest publications on this topic, which are presented in the public domain, including existing regulatory documents. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. A significant proportion of the currently existing buildings is characterized by an extremely low level of thermal protection and unacceptably high heat costs to maintain the necessary microclimate parameters. Among the main reasons for the low energy efficiency of buildings, there is a low level of thermal resistance of the main building structures. Therefore, in this scientific work, the task is to provide for a device of heat-reflecting thermal insulation between the heating devices and the outer wall and also the choice of heat-insulating material for building envelopes. The research objective. The purpose of this scientific work is to formulate measures for the modernization of building envelopes of buildings and structures based on a comprehensive analysis of space-planning, structural and engineering solutions, as well as for planning, organizing and conducting energy audits of existing buildings with the development of recommendations for improving the energy efficiency of relevant facilities. The statement of basic materials. The thermal insulation layer can be performed by various methods, depending on the type and density of the thermal insulation products. The geometrical parameters of the 22 building of the CNUT for energy protection of the building were determined, and on their basis the thermal engineering parameters of the building were calculated with the subsequent experimental determination of thermal imaging diagrams and their processing in the software package.

Understanding the Importance of Post Occupancy Usage Trends During Concept-Stage Sustainable Building Design

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Piacenza ◽  
Salvador Mayoral ◽  
Bahaa Albarhami ◽  
Sean Lin
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Student Housing ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
The Impact

As sustainable building mandates become more prevalent in new commercial and mixed use buildings, it is a challenge to create a broad, one-size-fits-all certification process. While designers can estimate energy usage with computational tools such as model based design, anticipating the post occupancy usage is more challenging. Understanding and predicting energy usage trends is especially complicated in unique mixed use building applications, such as university student housing buildings, where occupancy varies significantly as a function of enrollment, course scheduling, and student study habits. This research explores a computational modeling approach used to achieve LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum certification for a student housing complex design. A case study is presented from the California State University, Fullerton (CSUF) campus, and examines the impact of post occupancy building usage trends, and diversity factor, defined as a building’s instantaneous energy usage normalized by the maximum allowable usage, on energy use estimates. The CSUF case model, which was originally created using EnergySoft’s EnergyPro 5 software, is examined. An annual predictive energy use comparison is performed in EnergyPro 5 using general building design mandates (i.e., ASHRAE 90.1, California Title 24), and CSUF case specific building usage details (e.g., student scheduling, diversity factor). In addition, the energy usage estimates of these two predictive models are compared to the actual usage data collected during the 2014 academic year. The results of this comparison show the benefits of considering post occupancy usage, and recommendations are presented for creating unique and application based computational models, early in the design process. This research has broad applications, and can extend to sustainable building design in other organizations, whose operational schedule falls outside of current prediction methods for sustainability mandates.

Effect of carbon reinforcements on selected properties of mortar

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-551
Author(s):  
Payman Sahbah Ahmed ◽  
Manar Nazar Ahmed ◽  
Samal Osman Saied
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Short Carbon

Purpose The purpose of this research is using materials to improve the thermal insulation, and reducing the cost. A large amount of energy is consumed by masonary due to cooling and heating. Adding material with certain percentages to the building materials is one of the ways to improve the thermal insulation, and these additives should keep as much as possible the mechanical properties of the building materials. Carbon additives are one of commonly used materials to masonry materials. In spite of the many advantages of using carbon fibers and carbon nano tubes (CNTs) to the cementitious materials, they are very expansive and their thermal conductivity is high. Design/methodology/approach In this research charcoal (which is a product of burning process) with very low thermal conductivity and cost in the form of micro particles will be used with mortar and compared with short carbon fibers and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via thermal conductivity, density and compressive strength tests. This research includes also an effort to build a model of building to evaluate the thermal insulation of the materials used in the practical part. The main building design and performance simulation tool in this research is DesignBuilder. Findings Results showed that adding micro charcoal particles to mortar resulted in improving the thermal insulation and decrease the rate of reduction in the compressive strength compared to other additives, while adding short carbon fibers resulted in improving the thermal insulation and decrease the compressive strength. Adding MWCNT to the mortar had a negative effect on mechanical and physical properties, i.e. compressive strength, density and thermal insulation. Originality/value This paper uses DesignBuilder software to design a model of building made from the materials used in the practical part to predict and evaluate the thermal insulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document