scholarly journals Sea level rise impact modelling on small islands: case study gili raja island of east java

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Zainul Hidayah ◽  
Luhur Mukti Prayogo ◽  
Maulinna Kusumo Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Coastal Impacts ◽  
Impact Modelling ◽  
Flooded Area ◽  
Run Up ◽  
The Impact

Coastal regions and small islands are areas that will be adversely affected by the phenomenon of sea level rise globally. In general, Sea Level Rise (SLR) will result in coastal impacts as follows: increased frequency and intensity of floods, changes in ocean currents and widespread intrusion of sea water. This research was conducted in Gili Raja Island of Sumenep Madura. Objectives of this research were to demonstrate the ability of combining remote sensing and GIS method to determine the impact of SLR on a small island and to model its scale using different scenario. GIS based run-up model were performed to estimate and predict the impact of SLR to the island’s area. Three water level scenario (0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m) were applied. The results showed that in the first scenario 8.73% of the island was flooded by sea water, furthermore in two other scenario the flooded area was increase significantly (15.88% and 22.38%).

scholarly journals The Impact of Sea-Level Rise on Tourism Small Islands a Case Study of Wenzhou Island during the Pre-COVID-19 Pandemic Period

CONVERTER ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 236-241
Author(s):  
Yichia Lin, Wenlung Chang, Wongchai Anupong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
The Impact

During the COVID-19 pandemic period, island tourism experienced a severe impact. Island tourism is a thriving tourism model, but it is greatly affected by the SLR (sea level rise) due to climate change. Small island tourism must to face flooding problems that cause sea-level rise. GIS can be used to plan and monitor land use. This case study uses GIS (Geography information system) pre-COVID-19 pandemic period to predict flooding at different scales. After three different scales of digitization processing, it is found that: Overall, the flood area is located in the northern part of the island. The relationship is consistent, that is, the flood season is directly proportional to the peak tourist season. Sea level rise will cause changes in tourist attractions on the island; residents' daily lives will face major changes. This study provides a small amount of inundation scale predictions at different scales; hopes to be helpful for the island’s tourism resource planning and residents’ adaptation. To avoid add climate change refugees and rational use of tourism resources on lack nature resource small islands.

scholarly journals Assessing groundwater vulnerability to sea water intrusion in the coastline of the inner Puck Bay using GALDIT method

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 00023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Potrykus ◽  
Anna Gumuła-Kawęcka ◽  
Beata Jaworska-Szulc ◽  
Małgorzata Pruszkowska-Caceres ◽  
Adam Szymkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Galdit Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Simulated Scenario ◽  
Puck Bay

In this research, GALDIT method was used to assess seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of the inner Puck Bay (Southern Baltic Sea). The impact of potential sea-level rise on groundwater vulnerability for years 2081-2100 was also considered. The study area was categorized into three classes of vulnerability: low, moderate and high. The most vulnerable area is the Hel Peninsula with northern part of the Kashubian Coastland. Increased class of aquifer vulnerability is also adopted to glacial valleys. The results of this research revealed that about 18.9% of the analyzed area is highly vulnerable to seawater intrusion, 25.3% is moderately vulnerable and 55.8% is potentially at low risk. The simulated scenario of predicted sea level rise shows enlargement of high vulnerability areas.

scholarly journals (A87) Sea-Level Rise Disaster in Micronesia: Sentinel Event for Climate Change?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s25-s25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Keim
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Sentinel Event ◽  
Food Staples ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundIn 2007, several atoll islands in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) were inexplicably flooded by sea water.ObjectivesTo describe the impact of an acute-onset sea-level-rise disaster in 2 coral atoll populations.MethodsHouseholds of Lukunoch and Oneop islands, FSM were assessed for demographics, asset damage, food availability, and water quantity and quality. Every fourth household on Lukunoch, (n = 40), was randomly selected and surveyed. All Oneop households were surveyed (n = 72). Prevalence data were analyzed.ResultsA total of 112 total households were surveyed representing 974 inhabitants. On Lukunoch, roughly half of all households surveyed reported at a partial loss of their primary dietary staple and source of calories (taro and breadfruit). Six (15%) of 40 Lukunoch households surveyed (95% CI, 6%–30%) reported a complete loss of taro and four (10%) of the 40 households (95% Cl. 3%-24%) reported a complete loss of breadfruit. On Oneop, nearly all households reported at least a partial loss of these same food staples. Twenty four (31%) of all 76 Oneop households reported a complete loss of taro and another 24 (31%) households reported a complete loss of breadfruit. One third of all households surveyed reported a complete loss. On Lukunoch 11(28%) of 40 households, (95% Cl. 15%–43%) reported damage from well salination, but none were damaged to the point of a complete loss. Forty-nine (64%) of 76 Oneop households reported salination and five (6%) reported complete loss of their well.ConclusionThese findings suggest that FSM populations experienced disastrous losses due to a sea level rise event damaging crop productivity and freshwater sources.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of Storm Surge and Climate Change-Enhanced Sea Level Rise on Atoll Nations: A Case Study of the Tarawa Atoll, Kiribati

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrius Sabūnas ◽  
Takuya Miyashita ◽  
Nobuki Fukui ◽  
Tomoya Shimura ◽  
Nobuhito Mori
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
The Impact

The Pacific region consists of numerous Small Island Developing States (SIDS), one of the most vulnerable to flooding caused by compound effects of sea level rise (SLR) and storms. Nevertheless, individual studies regarding the impact assessment for SIDS, such as the low-lying Kiribati, remain scarce. This study assessed the impact of climate change-induced storm surge and SLR compounding effects on Tarawa, the most populous atoll of Kiribati, the largest coral atoll nation. It projected the impact using a combined dynamic surge and SLR model based on the IPCC AR5 RCP scenarios and 1/100 and 1/50 years return period storm events. This approach allows estimating the inundation scope and the consecutive exposed population by the end of the 21st century. The results of this study show that the pace of SLR is pivotal for Tarawa, as the sea level rise alone can claim more than 50% of the territory and pose a threat to over 60% of the population under the most intense greenhouse gas emissions scenario. Furthermore, most coasts on the lagoon side are particularly vulnerable. In contrast, the contribution of extreme events is generally minimal due to low wind speeds and the absence of tropical cyclones (TC). Despite this, it is clear the compound effects are critical and may inescapably bring drastic changes to the atoll nations by the end of this century. The impact assessment in this study draws attention to the social impact of climate change on SIDS, most notably atoll islands, and evaluates their adaptation potential.

Sea-Level-Rise Disaster in Micronesia: Sentinel Event for Climate Change?

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Keim
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjectives: To describe the impact of an acute-onset sea-level-rise disaster in 2 coral atoll populations and to generate hypotheses for further investigation of the association between climate change and public health.Methods: Households of Lukunoch and Oneop islands, Micronesia, were assessed for demographics, asset damage, food availability, water quantity and quality, hygiene and sanitation, and health status. Every fourth household on Lukunoch was randomly selected (n = 40). All Oneop households were surveyed (n = 72). Heads of each household were interviewed in the local language using a standard survey tool. Prevalence data were analyzed, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.Results: A total of 112 total households were respondents representing 974 inhabitants. On Lukunoch, roughly half of all households surveyed reported at least a partial loss of their primary dietary staple and source of calories (taro and breadfruit). Six (15%) of 40 Lukunoch households surveyed (95% CI, 6%-30%) reported a complete loss of taro and four (10%) of the 40 households (95% CI, 3%-24%) reported a complete loss of breadfruit. On Oneop, nearly all households reported at least a partial loss of these same food staples. Twenty four (31%) of all 76 Oneop households reported a complete loss of taro and another 24 (31%) households reported a complete loss of breadfruit. One third of all households surveyed reported a complete loss. On Lukunoch 11 (28%) of 40 households, (95% CI, 15%-43%) reported damage from salination, but none were damaged to the point of a complete loss. Forty-nine (64%) of 76 Oneop households reported salination and five (6%) reported complete loss of their well.Conclusion: On March 5, 2007, an acute-onset, sea level rise event resulting in coastal erosion, shoreline inundation, and saltwater intrusion occurred in two coral atoll islands of Micronesia. The findings of this study suggest that highly vulnerable populations of both islands experienced disastrous losses involving crop productivity and freshwater sources. These findings reveal the need for effective public health research and sustainable interventions that will monitor and shape the health of small island populations predicted to be at high risk for adverse health effects due to climate change.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:81-87)

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Drainage Canals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. The low-lying central area of the investigated part of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century by a system of artificial drainage canals that significantly affects the flow dynamics of the area. The drinking water, mainly for summer cottages, is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m into the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer, and the total pumping is only 5–6% of the drainage pumping. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater-sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise does not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area, below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canals, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canals all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and the chloride concentrations found in abstraction wells.

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 7969-8026 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Barrier Islands ◽  
Drainage Canal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. Agricultural land dominates the western and central parts of the island, which geologically are developed as push moraine hills and a former lagoon (later wetland area) behind barrier islands to the east. The low-lying central area of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century. Summer cottages along the beach on the former barrier islands dominate the eastern part of the island. The main water abstraction is for holiday cottages during the summer period (June–August). The water is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m in the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater–sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise do not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canal, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canal all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and hence the chloride concentrations found in the abstraction wells.

scholarly journals MODEL SPASIAL TEMPORAL DAMPAK KENAIKAN MUKA AIR LAUT TERHADAP PERMUKIMAN PENDUDUK DI PULAU KECIL (KASUS: PULAU KARIMUNJAWA DAN PULAU KEMUJAN, KABUPATEN JEPARA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Ati Rahadiati ◽  
Ernik Yuliana ◽  
Rani Hafsaridewi ◽  
Benny Khairuddin ◽  
Luh Putu Ayu Savitri Citra Kusuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Reform Plan ◽  
Dynamic System Modeling ◽  
Mitigation Effort

Coastal areas (especially small islands) are vulnerable to impact from sea level rise (SLR). The submergence of areas that are economic centers will impactin huge losses. To avoid such losses it is necessary to manage small islands by using temporal spatial models. The aim of this article is to describe the development of a temporal spatial model to assess the vulnerability of settlements in small islands. The method used is dynamic system modeling combined with Geographic Information System (GIS) based on identification of environmental issues and conditions in small island, in this case Karimunjawa Island and Kemujan Island, Jepara Regency. The assumption used in the modeling is that there is no natural disaster or calamity that reduces the population, the death is considered normal death by referring to the average life expectancy of the Indonesian population (69 years), no coastal reclamation activities, no significant changes in ecosystem. The modeling results indicate that if the fraction of SLR 10 cm per year, will have an impact on the decreasing availability of settlement land. The height of SLR ranges from 0,5 meters in the 10th year, to 5,0 meters in the 100th year. As a result there will be puddle in the residential area of ​​13,02 ha in the 10th year and in the 100th year to 226,5 ha. Required environmental engineering efforts,such as develop coastal dike and reform plan of building, to reduce impact on the availability of settlement land. SLR that is affecting populations and settlements on Karimunjawa and Kemujan Island, require adaptation as an impact mitigation effort.   Wilayah pesisir (terutama pulau kecil) sangat rentan terkena dampak dari peningkatan muka air laut. Terendamnya wilayah-wilayah yang merupakan sentra ekonomi akan mengakibatkan kerugian yang sangat besar. Untuk menghindari kerugian tersebut perlu pengelolaan pulau-pulau kecil dengan memanfaatkan model spasial dinamik/temporal. Tujuan studi adalah mengembangkan model spasial dinamik/temporal untuk mengkaji kerentanan permukiman penduduk di pulau-pulau kecil. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemodelan sistem dinamik/temporal (SD) dipadukan dengan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) berdasarkan identifikasi isu dan kondisi lingkungan di pulau kecil, yaitu Pulau Karimunjawa dan Pulau Kemujan, Kabupaten Jepara. Data yang digunakan adalah data pertumbuhan penduduk (data sekunder) dan peta dasar Pulau Karimunjawa dan Kemujan. Asumsi yang digunakan pada pemodelan adalah tidak terjadi bencana alam atau musibah yang mengurangi jumlah penduduk, kematian dianggap sebagai kematian normal dengan mengacu umur rata-rata harapan hidup penduduk Indonesia (69 tahun), tidak ada kegiatan reklamasi pantai, tidak ada perubahan ekosistem secara signifikan. Pemodelan spasial dinamik/temporal mengikuti tahapan sesuai dengan prosedur pemodelan. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa bila fraksi sea level rise (SLR) 10 cm per tahun, akan berdampak pada penurunan ketersediaan lahan permukiman. Tinggi kenaikan muka air laut berkisar antara 0,5 meter pada tahun ke-10, hingga mencapai ketinggian kenaikan 5,0 meter pada tahun ke-100. Akibatnya akan terjadi genangan air laut di permukiman penduduk seluas 13,02 ha pada tahun ke-10  danpada tahun ke-100 menjadi 226,5 ha. Diperlukan upaya rekayasa lingkungan, seperti membangun tanggul pantai dan memperbaiki rancangan konstruksi bangunan permukiman, agar dapat mengurangi dampak terhadap ketersediaan lahan permukiman. Kenaikan muka air laut yang berdampak terhadap penduduk dan permukiman di Pulau Karimunjawa dan Kemujan membutuhkan adanya adaptasi sebagai upaya mitigasi dampak.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of sea level rise due to climate change on seawater intrusion in Mekong Delta, Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1632-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Vu ◽  
T. Yamada ◽  
H. Ishidaira
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
1D Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Rainfall

Abstract In the context of climate change, salinity intrusion into rivers has been, and will be, one of the most important issues for coastal water resources management. A combination of changes, including increased temperature, change in regional rainfall, especially sea level rise (SLR) related to climate change, will have significant impacts on this phenomenon. This paper presents the outcomes of a study conducted in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam (MKD) for evaluating the effect of sea water intrusion under a new SLR scenario. Salinity intrusion was simulated by one-dimensional (1D) modeling. The relative sea level projection was constructed corresponding to the RCP 6.0 emission scenario for MKD based on the statistical downscaling method. The sea level in 2050 is projected to increase from 25 cm to 30 cm compared to the baseline period (in 2000). Furthermore, the simulated results suggested that salinity greater than 4 g/l, which affects rice yield, will intrude up to 50–60 km into the river. Approximately 30,000 ha of agricultural area will be affected if the sea level rise is 30 cm.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document