scholarly journals Assessing the impact of sea level rise due to climate change on seawater intrusion in Mekong Delta, Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1632-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Vu ◽  
T. Yamada ◽  
H. Ishidaira
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
1D Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Rainfall

Abstract In the context of climate change, salinity intrusion into rivers has been, and will be, one of the most important issues for coastal water resources management. A combination of changes, including increased temperature, change in regional rainfall, especially sea level rise (SLR) related to climate change, will have significant impacts on this phenomenon. This paper presents the outcomes of a study conducted in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam (MKD) for evaluating the effect of sea water intrusion under a new SLR scenario. Salinity intrusion was simulated by one-dimensional (1D) modeling. The relative sea level projection was constructed corresponding to the RCP 6.0 emission scenario for MKD based on the statistical downscaling method. The sea level in 2050 is projected to increase from 25 cm to 30 cm compared to the baseline period (in 2000). Furthermore, the simulated results suggested that salinity greater than 4 g/l, which affects rice yield, will intrude up to 50–60 km into the river. Approximately 30,000 ha of agricultural area will be affected if the sea level rise is 30 cm.

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Drainage Canals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. The low-lying central area of the investigated part of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century by a system of artificial drainage canals that significantly affects the flow dynamics of the area. The drinking water, mainly for summer cottages, is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m into the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer, and the total pumping is only 5–6% of the drainage pumping. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater-sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise does not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area, below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canals, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canals all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and the chloride concentrations found in abstraction wells.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE LAND USE IN TRA VINH PROVINCE UNDER THE SCENARIOS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND SEA LEVEL RISE

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Phuong Ha Tran
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Sea Level

Currently, in the context of climate change, droughts, salinity intrusion, sea level rise etc. and through the reality, it can be seen that the structure of land use (land use) in Tra Vinh province has been impacted quite strongly. The salinity intrusion, flooding and drought have increased in recent years, requiring appropriately comprehensive and proactive solutions. First and foremost, it’s a solution to change the structure of land use in combination with the change of seed structure and crop production structure to ensure efficient and sustainable development. For an overview of these changes as well as predictions for later years, the assessment of the impact of sea level rise on the average scenario (2030) affects the structure of land use by 2030 compared to the land use data in Tra Vinh in 2016, the results show that the areas flooded under the scenario of climate change and sea level rise RCP6.0  in 2030 are at risk of land use change.[TT1]  The land area has the risk of land use change in the whole province is nearly 24,235 ha. In which the most affected land area is specializing in rice land occupies 71%, area aquaculture (11%), paddy land remaining (8%), especially 4% of residential land in rural areas will be affected, this will directly affect the lives of people in the shallow village. [TT1]Need to revise

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 7969-8026 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Barrier Islands ◽  
Drainage Canal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. Agricultural land dominates the western and central parts of the island, which geologically are developed as push moraine hills and a former lagoon (later wetland area) behind barrier islands to the east. The low-lying central area of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century. Summer cottages along the beach on the former barrier islands dominate the eastern part of the island. The main water abstraction is for holiday cottages during the summer period (June–August). The water is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m in the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater–sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise do not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canal, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canal all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and hence the chloride concentrations found in the abstraction wells.

The Impact of Climate Change on States

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kułaga
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Law ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The increase in sea levels, as a result of climate change in territorial aspect will have a potential impact on two major issues – maritime zones and land territory. The latter goes into the heart of the theory of the state in international law as it requires us to confront the problem of complete and permanent disappearance of a State territory. When studying these processes, one should take into account the fundamental lack of appropriate precedents and analogies in international law, especially in the context of the extinction of the state, which could be used for guidance in this respect. The article analyses sea level rise impact on baselines and agreed maritime boundaries (in particular taking into account fundamental change of circumstances rule). Furthermore, the issue of submergence of the entire territory of a State is discussed taking into account the presumption of statehood, past examples of extinction of states and the importance of recognition in this respect.

A Framework for Understanding Adaptation by Manufacturing Industries

2017 ◽  
pp. 302-313
Author(s):  
Saon Ray
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Climate Risk ◽  
The Face ◽  
Regulatory Barriers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medium Firms

This chapter discusses what constitutes adaptation responses by firms in the face of climate change. There are four integral components of adaptation activities undertaken by firms: assessment of risk, understanding of vulnerability, understanding the regulatory barriers to overcome the vulnerability, and, finally, adoption of policies to overcome the vulnerability. While it is easy to understand these components separately, their interdependencies make the overall picture more complicated. Also complicating the issue is the fact that most small and medium firms do not have the capacity and resources to predict the impact of such changes on their operations, and hence, to quickly make the adjustments necessary to overcome them. The response of firms also depends on the nature of the climate risk they face, whether it is sea-level rise, or temperature rise.

scholarly journals Assessing groundwater vulnerability to sea water intrusion in the coastline of the inner Puck Bay using GALDIT method

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 00023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Potrykus ◽  
Anna Gumuła-Kawęcka ◽  
Beata Jaworska-Szulc ◽  
Małgorzata Pruszkowska-Caceres ◽  
Adam Szymkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Galdit Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Simulated Scenario ◽  
Puck Bay

In this research, GALDIT method was used to assess seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of the inner Puck Bay (Southern Baltic Sea). The impact of potential sea-level rise on groundwater vulnerability for years 2081-2100 was also considered. The study area was categorized into three classes of vulnerability: low, moderate and high. The most vulnerable area is the Hel Peninsula with northern part of the Kashubian Coastland. Increased class of aquifer vulnerability is also adopted to glacial valleys. The results of this research revealed that about 18.9% of the analyzed area is highly vulnerable to seawater intrusion, 25.3% is moderately vulnerable and 55.8% is potentially at low risk. The simulated scenario of predicted sea level rise shows enlargement of high vulnerability areas.

scholarly journals The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabeya Akter ◽  
Tansir Zaman Asik ◽  
Mohiuddin Sakib ◽  
Marin Akter ◽  
Mostofa Najmus Sakib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Surface Water Salinity ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change Event ◽  
Different Levels

Salinity intrusion through the estuaries in low-lying tide-dominated deltas is a serious threat that is expected to worsen in changing climatic conditions. This research makes a comparative analysis on the impact of salinity intrusion due to a reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclonic conditions to find which one of these event dominates the salinity intrusion. A calibrated and validated salinity model (Delft3D) and storm surge model (Delft Dashboard) are used to simulate the surface water salinity for different climatic conditions. Results show that the effects of the reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclones cause different levels of impacts in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta along the Bangladesh coast. Reduced upstream discharge causes an increased saltwater intrusion in the entire region. A rising sea level causes increased salinity in the shallower coast. The cyclonic impact on saltwater intrusion is confined within the landfall zone. These outcomes suggest that, for a tide dominated delta, if a sea level rise (SLR) or cyclone occurred, the impact would be conditional and local. However, if the upstream discharge reduces, the impact would be gradual and along the entire coast.

scholarly journals Climate Change Impact in the Ria de Aveiro Lagoon Ecosystem: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lopes ◽  
Lopes ◽  
Dias
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ria De Aveiro ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aveiro Lagoon

Climate change and global sea-level rise are major issues of the 21st century. The main goal of this study is to assess the physical and biogeochemical status of the Ria de Aveiro lagoon (Portugal) under future climate scenarios, using a coupled physical/ eutrophication model. The impact on the lagoon ecosystem status of the mean sea level rise (MSLR), the amplitude rise of the M2 tidal constituent (M2R), the changes in the river discharge, and the rising of the air temperature was investigated. Under MSLR and M2R, the results point to an overall salinity increase and water temperature decrease, revealing ocean water dominance. The main lagoon areas presented salinity values close to those of the ocean waters (~34 PSU), while a high range of salinity was presented for the river and the far end areas (20–34 PSU). The water temperature showed a decrease of approximately 0.5–1.5 °C. The responses of the biogeochemical variables reflect the increase of the oceanic inflow (transparent and nutrient-poor water) or the reduction of the river flows (nutrient-rich waters). The results evidenced, under the scenarios, an overall decreasing of the inorganic nitrogen concentration and the carbon phytoplankton concentrations. A warm climate, although increasing the water temperature, does not seem to affect the lagoon’s main status, at least in the frame of the model used in the study.

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