scholarly journals Accumulations of artificial radionuclides 137Cs and 239+240Pu in anchovy from the Korean seas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huisu Lee ◽  
Intae Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Calculated Concentration ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Concentration Factors

We investigated the accumulation patterns of the artificial radionuclides 137Cs and 239+240Pu in anchovy – categorized into four groups by size– from Korean seas. The activities of 137Cs and 239+240Pu were in the ranges of 74–137 mBq kg−1 and 0.27–3.21 mBq kg−1, respectively. They generally increased with increasing size (except for 239+240Pu in large anchovy), indicating radionuclide accumulation by seawater uptake through respiratory and/or higher feed capacity as a manifestation of growth. However, the activity of 239+240Pu decreased sharply in large anchovy. The calculated concentration factors (CFs) of 137Cs in anchovy were 10.9–20.2, which are an order of magnitude lower than those in other marine organisms. However, the CFs of 239+240Pu in adult anchovy were 14.0–162.8, which are significantly higher than those in other fishes and comparable (or even higher) to the IAEA recommendation values. The annual effective dose (AED) rates of 137Cs and 239+240Pu for anchovy consumption (per person) in South Korea were estimated to be 3.7 × 10−6–6.9 × 10−6 mSv yr−1 and 0.26 × 10−6–3.10 × 10−6 mSv yr−1, respectively. The AED from anchovy consumption is insignificant relative to that of natural radionuclides.

scholarly journals Specific Activities of Natural Radionuclides and Annual Effective Dose Due to the Intake of Some Types of Children Powdered Milk Available in Baghdad Markets

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Activities

In this research the specific activity of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were determined by sodium iodide enhanced by thallium NaI(TI) detector and assessed the annual effective dose in Dielac 1 and 2 and Nactalia 1 and 2 for children of less than 1 year which are available in Baghdad markets. The specific activity of 40K has the greater value in all the types which is in the range of allowed levels globally that suggested by UNSCEAR. The mean value of annual effective doses were 2.92, 4.005 and 1.6325 mSv/y for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively.

scholarly journals A comparison of the dose from natural radionuclides and artificial radionuclides after the Fukushima nuclear accident

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Hosoda ◽  
Shinji Tokonami ◽  
Yasutaka Omori ◽  
Tetsuo Ishikawa ◽  
Kazuki Iwaoka
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Fdnpp Accident ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Average Effective Dose

Abstract Due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, the evacuees from Namie Town still cannot reside in the town, and some continue to live in temporary housing units. In this study, the radon activity concentrations were measured at temporary housing facilities, apartments and detached houses in Fukushima Prefecture in order to estimate the annual internal exposure dose of residents. A passive radon–thoron monitor (using a CR-39) and a pulse-type ionization chamber were used to evaluate the radon activity concentration. The average radon activity concentrations at temporary housing units, including a medical clinic, apartments and detached houses, were 5, 7 and 9 Bq m −3 , respectively. Assuming the residents lived in these facilities for one year, the average annual effective doses due to indoor radon in each housing type were evaluated as 0.18, 0.22 and 0.29 mSv, respectively. The average effective doses to all residents in Fukushima Prefecture due to natural and artificial sources were estimated using the results of the indoor radon measurements and published data. The average effective dose due to natural sources for the evacuees from Namie Town was estimated to be 1.9 mSv. In comparison, for the first year after the FDNPP accident, the average effective dose for the evacuees due to artificial sources from the accident was 5.0 mSv. Although residents' internal and external exposures due to natural radionuclides cannot be avoided, it might be possible to lower external exposure due to the artificial radionuclides by changing some behaviors of residents.

Transfer of 226Ra and 210Pb to Forage and Milk in a Brazilian High Natural Radioactivity Region

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 119-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C.S. Amaral ◽  
Z.L. Carvalho ◽  
J.M. Godoy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Environmental Transport ◽  
Main Pathway ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Poços De Caldas ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms ◽  
High Radioactivity

Abstract The Pocos de Caldas plateau, where the Brazilian uranium mine and mill facilities are located, is a natural high radioactivity region. A study has been carried out in order to assess the environmental transport of the natural radionuclides in the region. The present work is concerned with the transfer of 226Ra and 210Pb to forage and milk. Similar concentrations for both radionuclides were found in soil samples. In forage 210Pb concentrations are one order of magnitude higher than those of 226Ra, however, the milk samples presented higher values for 226Ra concentrations. The average forage to milk concentration factors are of the order of 10-4 d.l-1 for 226Ra and 10-5 d.l-1 for 210Pb. Regarding transfer mechanisms, the results suggest the foliar deposition as the main pathway for 210Pb uptake by the forage. In contrast, for 226Ra the root uptake appears as the main transfer pathway.

Natural Radioactivity of Topsoil in Two Granite Areas of Guangzhou, South China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3691-3695
Author(s):  
Gang Song ◽  
Min Xing Lu ◽  
Qiu Ping Zhu ◽  
Di Yun Chen ◽  
Yong Heng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Natural Radionuclide ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
External Hazard Index ◽  
Radium Equivalent

The natural radionuclide (238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K) concentrations in 152 soil samples were determined from two major granite areas in Guangzhou, using high resolution γ-ray spectroscopic system based on the characteristic spectral peaks. The mean activity values for 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were found to be 156.6±98.8, 160.9±96.5, 184.8±101.5 and 832.5±493.1 Bq kg–1 dry mass, respectively. The absorbed dose rate (D) calculated from activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K ranged from 53.2 to 497.1 nGy h–1 with a mean of 220.7 nGy h–1. The Radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the outdoor annual effective dose and the external hazard index (Ir), which resulted from the natural radionuclides in soil, were also calculated and found to vary from 119.7 to 1117.2 Bq kg–1, from 0.07 to 0.61 mSv and from 0.33 to 3.07, respectively. The radium equivalent activities and the external hazard index in all the soil samples were same as 64.5% higher than the limit of 370 Bq kg–1 and 1.0, respectively. The outdoor annual effective dose was higher than the worldwide mean value of 0.07 mSv.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF METHODIC INSTRUCTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EVALUATION OF ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE TO HUMAN BEING IN CASES OF LIVING AT RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATED AREAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
A. V. Toporova ◽  
Yu. V. Baklanova ◽  
Yu. G. Strilchuk ◽  
A. N. Shatrov
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Basic Approaches

The proposed paper provides a review of recommendations, methodic instructions and software for evaluation of exposure doses to population domiciling radioactive contaminated territories. There is a review of dose calculation methods which are most common in neighbouring countries and beyond. The paper presents basic approaches, factors required for dose assessment with review of main pathways for artificial radionuclides intake. It addresses the need to develop methodic instructions and software for the cases of people living at Semipalatinsk test site area.

scholarly journals Discriminative Measurement of Absorbed Dose Rates in Air from Natural and Artificial Radionuclides in Namie Town, Fukushima Prefecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Koya Ogura ◽  
Masahiro Hosoda ◽  
Yuki Tamakuma ◽  
Takahito Suzuki ◽  
Ryohei Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
External Exposure ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Fukushima Prefecture ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Natural And Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates

Ten years have elapsed since the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in 2011, and the relative contribution of natural radiation is increasing in Fukushima Prefecture due to the reduced dose of artificial radiation. In order to accurately determine the effective dose of exposure to artificial radiation, it is necessary to evaluate the effective dose of natural as well as artificial components. In this study, we measured the gamma-ray pulse-height distribution over the accessible area of Namie Town, Fukushima Prefecture, and evaluated the annual effective dose of external exposure by distinguishing between natural and artificial radionuclides. The estimated median (range) of absorbed dose rates in air from artificial radionuclides as of 1 April 2020, is 133 (67–511) nGy h−1 in the evacuation order cancellation zone, and 1306 (892–2081) nGy h−1 in the difficult-to-return zone. The median annual effective doses of external exposures from natural and artificial radionuclides were found to be 0.19 and 0.40 mSv in the evacuation order cancellation zone, and 0.25 and 3.9 mSv in the difficult-to-return zone. The latest annual effective dose of external exposure discriminated into natural and artificial radionuclides is expected to be utilized for radiation risk communication.

Natural radioactivity, radon emanating power and mass exhalation rate of environmental soil samples from Karabük province, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (7) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslı Kurnaz ◽  
Şeref Turhan ◽  
Aybaba Hançerlioğulları ◽  
Elif Gören ◽  
Muhammet Karataşlı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Gamma Dose Rate ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk

AbstractIn this study, content of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) and radon emanating power and radon mass exhalation rate of surface soil samples collected around industrial province Karabük in which the first iron steel plant was built in 1937 were determined by high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry with a high purity germanium detector. The average activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples were measured as 30 ± 2, 28 ± 2 and 251 ± 20 Bq kg−1, respectively. The average value of radon emanating power and mass exhalation rate of soil samples were found as 31 % and 19 μBq kg−l s−l, respectively. Assessment of possible radiation hazards to the people due to external exposure was done by estimating the outdoor absorbed gamma dose rate in the air at 1 m above the soil, the corresponding annual effective dose, and the excess lifetime cancer risk. The average outdoor gamma dose rate, annual effective dose, and lifetime cancer risk were estimated as 41 nGy h−1, 51 μSv y−1 and 2.0 × 10−4, respectively. A comparison of the activity and radiological results obtained for the studied samples with the corresponding worldwide average values indicates that the results are below the world average values.

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