scholarly journals Impact of Export Trade Promotion Organizations on Export Development in Latvia in the Context of Globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 09016
Author(s):  
Vilnis Veinbergs ◽  
Helena Skadina
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Triggering Factor ◽  
Influence Activities ◽  
Trade Promotion ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The impact of globalization in the 21st century is increasingly bringing change in the world’s political, economic, social and technological processes. It has become much easier to get information about relevant events across the borders, which lead to the visibility and accessibility of international business environment. International organizations promote and encourage small countries in the same manner as large ones in order to integrate them into the world’s economic development. As a result, most countries become partners and benefit through this globalization process which can be seen as a triggering factor for a successful cross-border trade. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to analyse the impact of Trade Promotion Organizations (TPO) on business in Latvia and its usefulness for export activities as well as contribution of TPO program to GDP growth in Latvia in the period from 2004 to 2019. Methods: In this research authors have used a case study method and analysed the experience of TPO in the global trade environment. Secondary data were obtained from statistical databases and research literature; regulations of international organizations in relevant countries - from publicly available sources. Findings & Value added: Results of this research indicate that organizations which promote and support Latvian export positively influence activities and high-quality cooperation with exporting companies and entrepreneurs who want to trade abroad. At the end of the research, the authors summarize their findings about TPO’s support activities to exporters in Latvia and other countries.

The impact of intellectual capital on firm performance: a study of Indian firms listed in COSPI

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 935-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Smriti ◽  
Niladri Das
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of intellectual capital (IC) on financial performance (FP) for Indian companies listed on the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Overall Share Price Index (COSPI). Design/methodology/approach Hypotheses were developed according to theories and literature review. Secondary data were collected from Indian companies listed on the COSPI between 2001 and 2016, and the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) of Pulic (2000) was used to measure IC and its components. A dynamic system generalized method of moments (SGMM) estimator was employed to identify the variables that significantly contribute to firm performance. Findings Indian listed firms appear to be performing well and efficiently utilizing their IC. Overall, human capital had a major impact on firm productivity during the study period. Furthermore, the empirical analysis showed that structural capital efficiency and capital employed efficiency were equally important contributors to firm’s sales growth and market value. The growing importance of the contribution of IC to value creation was consistently reflected in the FP of these Indian companies. Practical implications This study has robust theoretical grounds and employs a validated methodology. The present study extends knowledge of IC among academicians and managers and highlights its contribution to value creation. The findings may help stakeholders and policymakers in developing countries properly reallocate intellectual resources. Originality/value This study is the first study to evaluate IC and its relationship with traditional measures of firm performance among Indian listed firms using dynamic SGMM and VAIC models.

scholarly journals Learning Losses Caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic - A Significant Threat to Economic Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Tea Kasradze ◽  
Nino Zarnadze
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Numerous studies show that there is a positive correlation between education and the economic development of the country. Strong education systems have a positive impact not only on the success of individuals but also on the economy of the entire country. Graduates equipped with the skills required by the labor market can easily find a place in this market. Knowledge and skills relevant to market demand increase productivity have a positive impact on economic growth and development. Unfortunately, Covid Pandemic has severely damaged the education systems. Governments, scientists, and experts provide us with statistical information daily around the world about both the slowdown in economic growth as a whole and the problems of individual sectors of the economy. These are the problems and numbers that are already visible and it can be said that the losses are easily measurable. However, the damage caused to the economy by education systems affected by the pandemic will be felt by countries and humanity years later, nor will it be easy to calculate. The problem is even more difficult in poor and developing countries. This paper aims to study the impact of the Covid Pandemic on the education system and economy in Georgia. The research examines the reports and studies of various international organizations, analyzing the secondary data obtained from them. Local policy documents, government reports and regulations, and papers of different researchers have also been studied, conclusions have been made and relevant recommendations have been developed.

scholarly journals STANCES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ON POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milosav Miličković ◽  
Dušan Jerotijević ◽  
Aljoša Kostić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
First Case ◽  
Basic Hypothesis ◽  
The Impact

The nation-states retained their target as the basic political units in international relations, with significant influence of the leading economic and military forces in them. Modern international organizations can be classified as government international organizations and non - government international organizations. In the first case, they are financed from government budgets, and non - governmental international organizations have funding sources mainly from state budgets, as well as from other institutions. (Andrew Duff, 2007) . International organizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina carry out a large number of projects in the post-war period, and above all it relates to: improving the economy, increasing the competitiveness of producers, gender equality - Gender, improving institutions, supporting returnees, supporting small and medium-sized businesses, reducing unemployment, combating poverty etc. From the above, it can be concluded that a large number of projects are geared towards developing the economy and combating unemployment and poverty, which will be the primary research of this paper. The analysis of International Organizations raises the question of the very purpose of project design in the host countries. The assumption is that it is twofold, both for the host state and for the (state) institutions that fund it. The first is that governmental international organizations are preparing a good business environment for their markets through International Organizations, and are expanding their influence there. The public institutions and the host country’s domestic economy are preparing for the cooperation and eventual entry of their large companies and other interests. On the other hand, there are also non - governmental international organizations, which mainly deal with humanitarian projects and economic ones to a lesser extent. Accordingly, it is justifiable to set the basic aim of this paper’s research: To research and present in tables, graphically, and to interpret theoretically the extent to which international organizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina have had an impact in combating poverty and reducing the unemployment rate, and whether there is a difference between accesses in other host countries. In the preliminary research for this paper, it was established that there is no quality data on the invested funds in this segment by the International Organizations, so the primary data collection was started. Primary data were collected from representatives of international organizations, employees of international organizations, as well as foreign diplomacy. The results of the analysis show the impact of the projects they have implemented on poverty alleviation and unemployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the above, it is possible to set the basic hypothesis of the work, which states: International organizations represented in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina did not adequately answer the task when it comes to reducing unemployment and combating poverty. In addition to the basic hypothesis of the work, there is an auxiliary one, which reads: International organizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina have contributed more to poverty reduction than has been the case with reducing unemployment.

Intellectual capital efficiency and market-based financial performance: Evidence from listed conglomerate companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Eniola Ayisat Sulaiman ◽  
Abubakar Sadiq Kasum ◽  
Wasiu Ajani Musa
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Lagrangian Multiplier ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Capital Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Having observed the rate at which dissimilarity occurs between market and book value, and management ignorance concerning the impact intellectual capital disclosure has on companies’ values spurred the interest to probe the association between the efficiency of value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) and market-based financial performance of listed Nigerian conglomerate companies. To accomplish the purpose of this study, secondary data were employed and extracted from annual audited reports of listed conglomerate companies in Nigeria from the period of 2010–2018. The data obtained were subjected to static panel data regression analysis technique. The random-effects model was adopted because the empirical result from Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier (BP-LM) and Hausman tests chose it over the fixed-effects model to produce better results. This study revealed that the value-added efficiency of capital employed (VACA), value-added efficiency of human capital (VAHU), and value-added efficiency of structural capital (STVA) are the drivers of intellectual capital in the conglomerate sector. This study concluded that elements of intellectual capital have a strong power on market-based financial performance. This study recommends that information on intellectual capital components should be reported in ways they deem fit by developing a model of intellectual capital disclosure that complies with the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB)

Ensuring Competition in the Telecommunication Business Environment in Ghana

2014 ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Armah
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Telecommunication Sector ◽  
Price Collusion ◽  
The Impact

This chapter investigates the possibility of anti-competitive behavior in the Ghana telecommunication sector and determines exploratorily if there is a need for the enactment of anti-trust laws to protect social welfare. The chapter first evaluates the available relevant literature on the subject, assesses the current situation, evaluates the current market structure, and identifies how market power is affecting consumer welfare. Reviews of available literature and secondary data were conducted to establish the relevant conditions for the applicability of such a law. Next, primary data was collected from stakeholders to solicit views on the impact of market structure on pricing and the need for anti-trust laws. Results suggest the Ghana telecommunication sector is open to “cartelization,” which can result in different forms of price collusion despite the existence of a state regulatory body (The National Communications Authority, NCA). The study highlights the Ghanaian consumers' susceptibility to unfair marketing practices due to the possible absence of pertinent anti-trust legislation.

The Impact of Rent from Unequal Exchange on Shaikh’s Classical-Keynesian Political Economic Analysis: The Example of Facebook

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Baiman
Keyword(s):  
Market Research ◽  
Phillips Curve ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Unequal Exchange ◽  
Classical Political Economy ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Surplus Extraction ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, Shaikh’s 1949–2011 classical Phillips curve (CPC) is replicated and extended to 2016. This updated CPC does not follow the pattern anticipated by Shaikh for the years 2012 to 2016. This paper hypothesizes that this divergence is a result of an increasingly “rentier” economy based on surplus extraction through unequal exchange (UE). Andrea Ricci’s methodology is then applied to the 2014 US advertising and market research (A&MR) sector as a sample test of this hypothesis. This analysis shows that UE accounts for $64 billion, or almost a half (45.3 percent), of total US A&MR value added ($141.3 billion) in 2014. A modification of Ricci’s methodology for a firm-level UE estimation finds that in 2014 Facebook alone was able to extract a within-industry, within-country, between-firm absolute rent of $3.8 billion. The paper concludes that Shaikh’s analysis needs to be extended with non-classical political economy UE, or “rentier economy,” analysis.

scholarly journals “Being fat is not a disease but a sign of good living”: The Political Economy of Overweight and Obesity in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Tolulope Osayomi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Good Living ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Increasing overweight and obesity rates have accompanied economic development in recent years. This twofold health issue has become increasingly worrisome and is currently receiving academic interest and government attention.  A growing volume of studies has examined the demographic, socio economic, environmental and cultural risk factors of overweight and obesity in Nigeria where fatness is culturally revered. However, information on large scale factors associated with economic development shaping the geographical distribution of overweight and obesity is sparse. From the political economic standpoint, the central question of this paper is: ‘Does the spatial pattern of overweight and obesity correspond with the varying levels of economic development in Nigeria? The study relied on secondary data from published sources.  Linear regression models were estimated to determine the impact of economic development variables on overweight and obesity. Results reveal that percent population with white collar jobs had a significant positive effect on overweight whereas poverty, gross domestic product (GDP) and degree of urbanization were significantly related to obesity. The paper concludes that the spatial patterns of overweight and obesity follow the pathways of economic development in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Globalization and Bankruptcy of SMEs in Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 07015
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Dado ◽  
Lenka Hvolkova ◽  
Janka Taborecka
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Evidence Of Impact ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Globalization - the process of increasing social, cultural, political, and economic interdependence - has resulted in several changes in business environment. Global market opportunities and threats are major effects of globalization; they refer to the increases in market potential, trade and investment potential and resource accessibility. Global market threats refer to the increases in the number and level of competition, and the level of uncertainty. Global competitors can have the impact on bankruptcy of local SMEs in less developed or smaller countries. Are globalization in economics and company bankruptcy related? In the past, the cause of bankruptcy was mainly in the company itself. The development of globalization has brought a number of positive as well as a number of negative consequences for several areas of society. Is one of the negative effects of globalization the bankruptcy of companies? Purpose of the article: The paper presents a classification of external and internal causes of bankruptcy and indicators of the threat of company bankruptcy. The paper also focuses on the results of the research analysis about the causes of small and medium-sized enterprises mortality in Slovakia and the impact of globalization factors as the causes of their bankruptcy. The analysis of bankruptcies is oriented on the research of the causes of small and medium-sized enterprises mortality in Slovakia and the influence of globalization factors as the causality of their bankruptcy. Methods: The research sample presents structured interview with 16 SMEs´ owners. They identified more aspects of globalization impact to Slovak SMEs bankruptcy. Findings & Value added: The results of research indicate that there is an evidence of impact of globalization on the bankruptcy of SMEs in Slovakia, but there are some differences among various industries.

Factors Influencing Business Angel’s Investment Decision

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Phuong Linh
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decision ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Angel Investor ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Official Sources ◽  
Provided Examples

The article provided some factors influencing angel’s investment decisions. Using secondary data from official sources, the author analyzed the impact of factors based on two perspectives: the perspective from startup and the perspective from the government and the business environment. The author provided examples of some countries to illustrate each group of factors. Based on that, the article has made suggestions for startups to fully prepare for calling angel investor successfully, and also suggesting some policy implications for the government improving the business environment in order to promote angel investments.

Examining the Impact of HRD Practices on Organizational Commitment and Intention to Stay Within Selected Software Companies in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Shankar Uraon
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Intention To Stay ◽  
Continuance Commitment ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
The Impact

The Problem Software companies are knowledge-based organizations, they invest considerably on human resource development (HRD) practices to overcome the shortage of competent workforce, to stay competitive in the dynamic and competitive business environment of today. Furthermore, software companies are continuously involved in HRD interventions for the development of employees; problems such as low levels of employee commitment, employee engagement, and employee intention to stay are the biggest challenges. The Solution This study examined the impact of comprehensive HRD practices on organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative commitment), and employee intention to stay. In addition, it examined the impacts of organizational commitment on employee intention to stay. Survey responses were collected from 516 employees working in different software companies in India. Data were analyzed using partial least squares (PLS) method. Results showed that HRD practices have positive impacts on employee intention to stay as well as on the three components of organizational commitment. Furthermore, only affective and normative commitments were found to positively affect employees’ intention to stay, whereas relationship between continuance commitment and intention to stay was found to be negative and not significant. The Stakeholders Implications for software companies, HRD professionals, and scholars: First, software companies may like to formulate their strategies keeping organizational commitment and employee intention to stay in focus. Second, human resource (HR) managers are encouraged to develop a metric to assess the value added by each HRD practice in managing attrition. This study contributes to the existing concepts on links between HRD practices and attitudinal variables by suggesting a theoretical framework. Finally, it provides empirical evidence that HRD practices in software companies must be sound to enhance employee intention to stay and organizational commitment in India.

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