Background: The past decade has seen important advances in the management of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), consisting of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis. The development of TNF antagonists, the recognition of interrupting lymphocyte trafficking as an effective treatment strategy, confirmation of the value of combination therapy, and the need, particularly in CD, for the treatment of high-risk patients early in the disease course are all fundamental concepts upon which the next generation of IBD treatment algorithms will be built. Emerging concepts that will continue to evolve and shape the field include an increased emphasis on personalized medicine (right drug, right dose, right time) and the development of new therapeutic classes. In this article, we review the clinical data and provide some insights into recent data regarding IBD therapies. Key Messages: In this article, we review the mechanism of action and data for novel therapies in IBD with particular focus on the evidence for agents targeting leukocyte trafficking, cytokine signaling, including interleukin-12/23 and the Janus kinase-signal transducers/activators of transcription pathway, and the emergence of antisense therapy for the treatment of IBD. Conclusions: Multiple new therapies are emerging for IBD; however, the potential positioning of these agents in treatment algorithms is difficult to predict in the absence of comparative effectiveness studies.
