High Dietary Ratio of N-6/N-3 Fatty Acids Intake May Adversely Predict for Muscle Mass in Patients With Post Kidney Transplantation

Abstract Background Sarcopenia (reduced skeletal muscle mass) has been associated with serious infection in liver transplant recipients. We analyzed the association of sarcopenia and early post-surgical infections in kidney transplant recipients. Methods Retrospective cohort study of 125 patients underwent kidney transplantation from 2010 to 2014 at University of Kentucky Medical Center. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by measuring the skeletal muscle mass on computed tomography imaging obtained during the pre-transplant evaluation using SliceOmatic 5.0 software at L3 level (≤ 52.4 cm2/m2 in males and ≤ 38.5 cm2/m2 in females). Early post-transplant infections were confirmed by positive culture from blood, urine, and/or peritoneal fluid within 30 days after kidney transplantation. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to identify variables predictive of post- surgical infection and Risk Ratio (RR) was obtained, with a P-value of < 0.05. The statistical analysis was performed with STATA version 12.0 (College Station, Texas). Results Among 125 patients, 52 (41.6%) were identified with sarcopenia, 110 (88.0%) patients were white, 76 (60.8%) male, with a median age of 56 (range 20–72) at the time of transplant. Diabetes was reported in 50 (40.0%) patients, obesity in 64 (51.6%) patients and smoking in 43 (34.6%) patients. Six (4.8%) patients had graft failure. Infections were identified in 22 (17.6%) patients, more than one source of infection was reported in 4 (3.2%) cases. The most common infections were urinary tract infection in 13 (10.4%) patients and bacteremia in 5 (4.0%) patients. The median time to development of infection was 9 days (range 1–27). In the bivariate analysis, sarcopenia was associated with high risk of post-surgical infections (RR 2.45; 95% CI 1.10–5.44). In multivariable analysis, sarcopenia was a significant independent predictor of infection (RR 2.58; 95% CI 1.20–5.52). None associations were found with other variables; age over 40 years, male sex, smoking, obesity and diabetes. Conclusion Our study suggested that sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk of early post-surgical infection in kidney transplant recipients. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Ratio of dietary ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids—independent determinants of muscle mass—in hemodialysis patients with diabetes

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2016.02.015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (9) ◽

pp. 989-994 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Te-Chih Wong ◽

Yu-Tong Chen ◽

Pei-Yu Wu ◽

Tzen-Wen Chen ◽

Hsi-Hsien Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Patients With Diabetes

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Effect of conjugated linoleic acids and omega-3 fatty acids with or without resistance training on muscle mass in high-fat diet-fed middle-aged mice

Experimental Physiology ◽

10.1113/ep086317 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 102 (11) ◽

pp. 1500-1512 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sang-Rok Lee ◽

Andy V. Khamoui ◽

Edward Jo ◽

Michael C. Zourdos ◽

Lynn B. Panton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

High Fat ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acids ◽

Aged Mice

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Low muscle mass and early hospital readmission post-kidney transplantation

International Urology and Nephrology ◽

10.1007/s11255-021-03085-1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Limy Wong ◽

Annette B. Kent ◽

Darren Lee ◽

Matthew A. Roberts ◽

Lawrence P. McMahon

Keyword(s):

Kidney Transplantation ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Hospital Readmission

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Exercise and Nutrition for Healthy AgeiNg (ENHANce) project – effects and mechanisms of action of combined anabolic interventions to improve physical functioning in sarcopenic older adults: study protocol of a triple blinded, randomized controlled trial

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-020-01900-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lenore Dedeyne ◽

Jolan Dupont ◽

Katrien Koppo ◽

Sabine Verschueren ◽

Jos Tournoy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

And Function

Abstract Background The Exercise and Nutrition for Healthy AgeiNg (ENHANce) project aims to assess the combined effects of exercise and nutritional interventions to prevent loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with ageing, and to determine the underlying mechanisms of action. Methods One hundred eightycommunity-dwelling sarcopenic individuals (≥ 65 years) are allocated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a 1:1 ratio into five groups for a 12-week intervention period, followed by a 12-week follow-up period: 1) exercise intervention +protein placebo +omega-3 fatty acids placebo; 2) protein +omega-3 fatty acids placebo; 3) exercise intervention +protein +omega-3 fatty acids placebo; 4) exercise intervention +protein +omega-3 fatty acids; 5) protein placebo +omega-3 fatty acids placebo. All interventions are in line with recommendations of expert groups such as the American College of Sports Medicine and the PROT-AGE study group and individualized to the physical capabilities and nutritional intake of each participant. Sarcopenia is diagnosed by the assessment of gait speed, handgrip strength (Jamar handheld dynamometer), chair stand test and muscle mass (DXA) according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria. Participants, researchers and statisticians are blinded to omega-3 fatty acids and protein treatment. Compliance to the exercise program, protein and omega-3 fatty acids interventions is objectively measured, by monitoring movement by an activity monitor, determining nitrogen content in urine and analyzing the fatty acid composition of the red blood cell membrane. The primary outcome of the RCT is the change in Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score. Secondary endpoints are, among others, changes in muscle mass, strength and function, objective compliance to interventions, changes in muscle and blood biomarkers related to sarcopenia, cognition, quality of life and falls. Discussion This RCT in well-defined sarcopenic older adults assesses the effects of combined anabolic interventions, including the additive effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplements, compared to single or placebo interventions. Compliance with the exercise intervention and with the intake of nutritional supplements is measured objectively. Also, blood and muscle samples will be used to explore the underlying determinants that contribute to the mechanism of action of anabolic interventions. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03649698, retrospectively registered at 28 August 2018, first participant was randomized 16 February 2018.

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Adductor pollicis muscle thickness has a low association with muscle mass and lean mass in kidney transplantation patients

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.08.021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 110-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aline S. dos Reis ◽

Heitor O. Santos ◽

Larissa S. Limirio ◽

Erick P. de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Kidney Transplantation ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Adductor Pollicis ◽

Adductor Pollicis Muscle

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Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12103079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 3079 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Diego Montiel-Rojas ◽

Aurelia Santoro ◽

Andreas Nilsson ◽

Claudio Franceschi ◽

Miriam Capri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Food Record ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Age Cohort ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65–79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono- (MUFAs) or poly-unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.

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Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength and Muscle Performance among the Elderly: A Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12123739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3739

Author(s):

Ya-Hui Huang ◽

Wan-Chun Chiu ◽

Yuan-Pin Hsu ◽

Yen-Li Lo ◽

Yuan-Hung Wang

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Walking Speed ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mass Gain ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3

There is increasing evidence showing the role of fatty acids and their derived lipid intermediates in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass synthesis and function. However, the role of omega-3 fatty acids remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the potential effects of omega-3 fatty acids on sarcopenia-related performances among the elderly. Eligible literature and reports of randomized controlled trials were comprehensively searched from the PubMed, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases until July 2018. A total of 10 articles were available for the meta-analysis. There were minor benefits for muscle mass gain (0.33 kg; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.62) and timed up and go performance (−0.30 s; 95% CI: −0.43, −0.17). Subgroup analyses regarding muscle mass and walk speed indicated that omega-3 fatty acid supplements at more than 2 g/day may contribute to muscle mass gain (0.67 kg; 95% CI: 0.16, 1.18) and improve walking speed, especially for those receiving more than 6 months of intervention (1.78 m/sec; 95% CI: 1.38, 2.17). Our findings provide some insight into the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on muscle mass, especially for those taking supplements at more than 2 g/day. We also observed that a long period of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation may improve walking speed.

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