Was leistet die pneumologische Rehabilitation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (24) ◽  
pp. 1782-1785
Author(s):  
Tessa Schneeberger ◽  
Inga Jarosch ◽  
Andreas Rembert Koczulla
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Asthma Bronchiale ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Sich Eine ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pneumologische Rehabilitation

Was ist neu? Lungenfibrose Es zeigt sich eine zunehmende Evidenz bezüglich der Wirksamkeit eines pneumologischen Rehabilitationsprogramms (PR) bei anderen pneumologischen Erkrankungen als der COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Aktuelle Studien berichten über positive Effekte von strukturierten PR-Programmen bei Lungenfibrose- und Asthmapatienten. Asthma bronchiale Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass auch Patienten mit moderatem bis schwerem Asthma signifikant im Hinblick auf die Asthmakontrolle von einem PR-Programm profitieren. Telemedizin meets pneumologische Rehabilitation Bei COPD-Patienten kann ein ergänzendes „digitales Übungsprogramm“ im Vergleich zu einer alleinigen PR-Maßnahme zu größeren Benefits beitragen. COVID-19 Es gibt erste Hinweise darauf, dass an COVID-19 Erkrankte von einer PR profitieren können. Das aktuelle Positionspapier der deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin zum Thema Empfehlungen zur PR bei COVID-19 beschreibt, dass rehabilitative Therapien bereits auf der Normalstation bzw. Intensivstation indiziert sind und sich als pneumologische Frührehabilitation im Akutkrankenhaus und als Anschlussheilbehandlung oder Reha-Heilverfahren in PR-Kliniken fortsetzen sollten.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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