scholarly journals Mammographically Detected Breast Arterial Calcification—A Marker of Coronary Artery Disease in Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 082-085
Author(s):  
Padmasri Gorantla ◽  
Anu Kapoor ◽  
Jyotsna Maddury
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background and Aim Coronary artery disease (CAD) resulting from atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide and is still a leading cause of death in women older than 40 years. The gold standard for diagnosis of CAD is by coronary angiography (CAG). However, this procedure is both invasive and expensive and thus is not suitable as a screening tool in asymptomatic individuals. Like coronary calcification, atherosclerotic vascular calcification involving small-to-medium–sized arteries is also observed in the breast. Modern mammographic equipment is very sensitive in the detection of microcalcifications. The aim of this study is to study the relationship between mammographically detected breast arterial calcification (BAC) and CAD and to evaluate the role of BAC as a marker for CAD. Methods Twenty female patients older than 40 years who had undergone CAG for suspected CAD were included in the study. Screening mammograms were performed and analyzed for the presence of BAC. The results were analyzed for correlation between severity of BAC and CAD. Results Twenty patients with mean age of 56.45 (age range: 40–68) were evaluated. BACs were found in 60% of these cases with a peak age group of 56 to 60 years. BAC was bilateral (92%) in most cases. CAG reports were positive for CAD in 45% of patients. The sensitivity of BAC in predicting CAD was 77.7% with a specificity of 54.5%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 58.3%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 75%. Conclusion Screening mammography has a potential to serve as a noninvasive tool for early detection of CAD in asymptomatic women. Larger population-based studies with controls will be required to establish the utility of this screening tool.

Mammography as Screening for Coronary Artery Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Adkins ◽  
T. Clark Gamblin ◽  
D. Benjamin Christie ◽  
Carol Collings ◽  
Martin L. Dalton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Screening Mammogram ◽  
Screening Mammograms ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Relationship

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in American women. Screening mammograms are recommended for women starting at age 40 for the early detection of breast cancer. An additional benefit of this routine screening tool may be to detect breast arterial calcifications (BAC) as a possible sign of CAD. The purpose of this study was to determine further the relationship between mammographically detected BAC and CAD. The medical records of 44 women who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting at our institution over 5 years were reviewed. These mammograms were examined for evidence of BAC. For all women included in the study, 18 of 44 (41%) had evidence of BAC on screening mammogram. This was statistically significant ( P < 0.0001) compared with the prevalence of BAC reported in the general population in previous studies. Most were also overweight (61.1%), had hypertension (88.8%), and hypercholesterolemia (55.5%). This is the first study to look at the direct correlation between patients with known CAD requiring revascularization and BAC. Perhaps women with BAC seen on screening mammography should undergo further workup for CAD, with the potential benefit of early intervention.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mammography detected breast arterial calcifications as a predictor of coronary cardiac risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Engy A. Ali ◽  
Heba Fouad ◽  
Naglaa A. Razek ◽  
Ola M. Saeed ◽  
Sameh M. Helmy
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death so detection of breast arterial calcifications on annually screening mammography can predict the possibility of future cardiovascular problems. Results The 100 female patients were divided into two groups according to age: 1st group with age ranging from 40 to 60 years and 2nd group with age ranging from 61 to 80 years. There is increased percentage of cardiac cases among the BAC-positive patients in the 2nd group with a significant p value = 0.022 and this proved that there was a correlation between presence of BAC and being a cardiac case in the 2nd group, unlike the 1st group which showed no correlation. Conclusion Incidental detection of breast arterial calcification in mammography in females above 60 years warrants further evaluation of their coronary atherosclerotic state and risk of future development of serious coronary artery disease.

Family History of Coronary Artery Disease and Cholesterol: Screening Children in a Disadvantaged Inner-City Population

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Wadowski ◽  
Robert J. Karp ◽  
Renee Murray-Bachmann ◽  
Carl Senft
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background and purpose. Little information relating to cholesterol levels and screening for hypercholesterolemia in inner-city children exists. For this study, given the disrupted family backgrounds of many of our patients and the unreliability of family histories, our hypothesis was that in comparison with other samples, family history of coronary heart disease would be a poor screening tool for the identification of children with elevations in total serum cholesterol (TSC). Subjects and methods. During 15 months, more than 400 pediatric outpatients, 2 through 14 years old, were screened for a family history of atherosclerotic disease. These children were attending a clinic serving a disadvantaged black and Hispanic population at Kings County Hospital Center. Nonfasting TSC levels were measured in 300 children. Positive risk for coronary heart disease was determined by the presence of a family history of coronary heart disease (defined as angina, stroke, or myocardial infarction in any parent or grandparent) at less than 55 years age. Results. The mean TSC level was 4.27 mmol/L (SD ± 0.85) (165.0 mg/dL [SD ± 32.81]). The 29.4% of this population with a history suggestive of high risk for hypercholesterolemia had a mean TSC of 4.48 mmol/L (SD ± 0.971) (173.2 mg/dL [SD ± 37.5]), and those with no risk history had a mean TSC of 4.18 mmol/L (SD ± 0.750) (161.4 mg/dL [SD ± 29.91) (P &lt; .005). Use of family history of coronary artery disease as a screening tool had a sensitivity of 39.3%, a specificity of 74.5%, and a positive predictive value of 39.8% for detection of moderate hypercholesterolemia (TSC ≥ 4.66 mmollL [180 mg/dL]). Conclusions. This population's mean TSC level did not differ (P &gt; .10) from those obtained in multiple large studies of average North American populations, and the predictive value and sensitivity of family history as a screening tool was comparable, although the prevalence of a positive family history was greater. The findings may be due to a greater prevalence of coronary artery disease at a young age in these families. In this population, a positive risk history is an important indicator for further evaluation of these children.

Breast Arterial Calcification on screening mammography can predict significant Coronary Artery Disease in women

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan S. Kelly ◽  
Emer ScanlON ◽  
Helen Heneghan ◽  
Ciaran E. Redmond ◽  
Gerard M. Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Significant Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Accuracy of MSCT Coronary Angiography with 64 Row CT Scanner—Facing the Facts

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMC.S3864 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wehrschuetz ◽  
E. Wehrschuetz ◽  
H. Schuchlenz ◽  
G. Schaffler
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenoses ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Msct Angiography

Improvements in multislice computed tomography (MSCT) angiography of the coronary vessels have enabled the minimally invasive detection of coronary artery stenoses, while quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) is the accepted reference standard for evaluation thereof. Sixteen-slice MSCT showed promising diagnostic accuracy in detecting coronary artery stenoses haemodynamically and the subsequent introduction of 64-slice scanners promised excellent and fast results for coronary artery studies. This prompted us to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the negative und positive predictive value of 64-slice MSCT in the detection of haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses. Thirty-seven consecutive subjects with suspected coronary artery disease were evaluated with MSCT angiography and the results compared with QCA. All vessels were considered for the assessment of significant coronary artery stenosis (diameter reduction ≥ 50%). Thirteen patients (35%) were identified as having significant coronary artery stenoses on QCA with 6.3% (35/555) affected segments. None of the coronary segments were excluded from analysis. Overall sensitivity for classifying stenoses of 64-slice MSCT was 69%, specificity was 92%, positive predictive value was 38% and negative predictive value was 98%. The interobserver variability for detection of significant lesions had a κ-value of 0.43. Sixty-four-slice MSCT offers the diagnostic potential to detect coronary artery disease, to quantify haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses and to avoid unnecessary invasive coronary artery examinations.

Abdominal Aortic Intima-Media Thickness Predicts Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris: A Prospective Study

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972199885
Author(s):  
Omer Faruk Cirakoglu ◽  
Ayşe Gül Karadeniz ◽  
Ali Riza Akyüz ◽  
Cihan Aydın ◽  
Sinan Şahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Stable Angina Pectoris ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease Severity ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Aortic Intima

Accurately identifying coronary artery disease (CAD) is the key element in guiding the work-up of patients with suspected angina. Thickening of the arterial wall is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to determine whether abdominal aortic intima-media thickness (AAIMT), which is the earliest zone of atherosclerotic manifestations, has a predictive value in CAD severity. A total of 255 consecutive patients who were referred for invasive coronary angiography due to suspected stable angina pectoris were prospectively included in the study. B-mode ultrasonography was used to determine AAIMT before coronary angiography. Coronary artery disease severity was assessed with the SYNTAX score (SS). A history of hypertension, age, dyslipidemia, and higher AAIMT (odds ratio: 2.570; 95%CI 1.831-3.608; P < .001) were independent predictors of intermediate or high SS. An AAIMT <1.3 mm had a negative predictive value of 98% for the presence of intermediate or high SS and 83% for obstructive CAD. In conclusion, AAIMT showed a significant and independent predictive value for intermediate or high SS. Therefore, AAIMT may be a noninvasive and useful tool for decision-making by cardiologists (eg, to use a more invasive approach).

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Coronary Calcification and the Natural History of Coronary Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Young Jin ◽  
Jonathan R. Weir-McCall ◽  
Jonathon A. Leipsic ◽  
Jang-Won Son ◽  
Stephanie L. Sellers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Angiography for the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease Among Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Meier ◽  
Arnaud Depierre ◽  
Antoine Topolsky ◽  
Christan Roguelov ◽  
Marion Dupré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Invasive Coronary Angiography ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Valve Implantation

Abstract Background Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is used to plan TAVI procedures. We investigated the performance of pre-TAVI CTA for excluding coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods In total 127 patients were included. CTA images were analyzed for the presence of ≥ 50% (significant CAD) and ≥ 70% (severe CAD) diameter stenoses in proximal coronary arteries. Results were compared with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) at vessel and patient levels. Primary endpoint was the negative predictive value (NPV) of CTA for the presence of CAD. Results A total of 342 vessels were analyzable. NPV of CTA was 97.5% for significant CAD and 96.3% for severe CAD. Positive predictive value and accuracy were 44.8% and 87.1% for significant CAD and 56.3% and 94.4% for severe CAD. At patient level, NPV for significant CAD was 88.6%. Conclusion Pre-TAVI CTA shows good performance for ruling out CAD and could be used as a gatekeeper for ICA in selected patients. Graphical abstract

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