scholarly journals Evaluation of mammography detected breast arterial calcifications as a predictor of coronary cardiac risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Engy A. Ali ◽  
Heba Fouad ◽  
Naglaa A. Razek ◽  
Ola M. Saeed ◽  
Sameh M. Helmy
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death so detection of breast arterial calcifications on annually screening mammography can predict the possibility of future cardiovascular problems. Results The 100 female patients were divided into two groups according to age: 1st group with age ranging from 40 to 60 years and 2nd group with age ranging from 61 to 80 years. There is increased percentage of cardiac cases among the BAC-positive patients in the 2nd group with a significant p value = 0.022 and this proved that there was a correlation between presence of BAC and being a cardiac case in the 2nd group, unlike the 1st group which showed no correlation. Conclusion Incidental detection of breast arterial calcification in mammography in females above 60 years warrants further evaluation of their coronary atherosclerotic state and risk of future development of serious coronary artery disease.

scholarly journals Diagnosing erectile dysfunction could save your patient’s life

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Brock
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Artery Disease

Erectile dysfunction and coronary artery disease are increasingly recognized as different clinical manifestations of the same process. Because the smaller vessels of the penis may be affected by plaque burden much earlier than the larger coronary, internal carotid, and femoral arteries, men may present with symptoms of erectile dysfunction long before signs of cardiovascular disease manifest. This presents an opportunity for the urologist to not only treat the sexual dysfunction and uncover occult coronary disease, but also screen for cardiac risk, as even men with mild arteriogenic erectile dysfunction may be at risk for cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Mammographically Detected Breast Arterial Calcification—A Marker of Coronary Artery Disease in Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 082-085
Author(s):  
Padmasri Gorantla ◽  
Anu Kapoor ◽  
Jyotsna Maddury
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background and Aim Coronary artery disease (CAD) resulting from atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide and is still a leading cause of death in women older than 40 years. The gold standard for diagnosis of CAD is by coronary angiography (CAG). However, this procedure is both invasive and expensive and thus is not suitable as a screening tool in asymptomatic individuals. Like coronary calcification, atherosclerotic vascular calcification involving small-to-medium–sized arteries is also observed in the breast. Modern mammographic equipment is very sensitive in the detection of microcalcifications. The aim of this study is to study the relationship between mammographically detected breast arterial calcification (BAC) and CAD and to evaluate the role of BAC as a marker for CAD. Methods Twenty female patients older than 40 years who had undergone CAG for suspected CAD were included in the study. Screening mammograms were performed and analyzed for the presence of BAC. The results were analyzed for correlation between severity of BAC and CAD. Results Twenty patients with mean age of 56.45 (age range: 40–68) were evaluated. BACs were found in 60% of these cases with a peak age group of 56 to 60 years. BAC was bilateral (92%) in most cases. CAG reports were positive for CAD in 45% of patients. The sensitivity of BAC in predicting CAD was 77.7% with a specificity of 54.5%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 58.3%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 75%. Conclusion Screening mammography has a potential to serve as a noninvasive tool for early detection of CAD in asymptomatic women. Larger population-based studies with controls will be required to establish the utility of this screening tool.

Breast Arterial Calcification on screening mammography can predict significant Coronary Artery Disease in women

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan S. Kelly ◽  
Emer ScanlON ◽  
Helen Heneghan ◽  
Ciaran E. Redmond ◽  
Gerard M. Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Significant Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Artery Disease

Coronary Artery Disease Screening Using CT Coronary Angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 812-817
Author(s):  
Randy Wang Long Cheong ◽  
Brian See ◽  
Benjamin Boon Chuan Tan ◽  
Choong Hou Koh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Disease Screening ◽  
Ct Coronary Angiography ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Artery Disease

BACKGROUND: The increased utility of CT coronary angiography (CTCA) in cardiovascular screenings of aircrew has led to the increased detection of asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). A systematic review of studies relevant to the interpretation of CTCA for the occupational fitness assessment of high-risk vocations was performed, with findings used to describe the development of a pathway for the aeromedical disposition of military aviators with asymptomatic CAD.METHODS: Medline was searched using the terms CT coronary angiogram and screening and prognosis. The inclusion criteria were restricted to study populations ages > 18 yr, were asymptomatic, were not known to have CAD, had undergone CTCA, and with their associations with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and other relevant cardiac outcomes reported.RESULTS: Included in this systematic review were 10 studies. When compared to subjects with no or nonobstructive CAD, those with obstructive CAD on CTCA had hazard ratios (HR) for cardiac events ranging from 1.42 to 105.48. Comparing subjects with nonobstructive CAD and those without CAD on CTCA, a lower HR of 1.19 for cardiac events was found. The annual event rates of subjects with no CAD on CTCA were extremely low, ranging from 0 to 0.5%.CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings, we suggest that CTCA should only be performed in aircrew with higher cardiac risk profiles. Those found to have no CAD or minimal CAD (i.e., 25% stenosis) in a non-left main coronary artery on CTCA can be returned to flying duties. All other results should be further evaluated with an invasive angiogram.Cheong RWL, See B, Tan BBC, Koh CH. Coronary artery disease screening using CT coronary angiography. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(10):812817.

scholarly journals Impact of established cardiovascular disease on 10-year death after coronary revascularization for complex coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutao Wang ◽  
Scot Garg ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Hideyuki Kawashima ◽  
Masafumi Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims To investigate the impact of established cardiovascular disease (CVD) on 10-year all-cause death following coronary revascularization in patients with complex coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods The SYNTAXES study assessed vital status out to 10 years of patients with complex CAD enrolled in the SYNTAX trial. The relative efficacy of PCI versus CABG in terms of 10-year all-cause death was assessed according to co-existing CVD. Results Established CVD status was recorded in 1771 (98.3%) patients, of whom 827 (46.7%) had established CVD. Compared to those without CVD, patients with CVD had a significantly higher risk of 10-year all-cause death (31.4% vs. 21.7%; adjusted HR: 1.40; 95% CI 1.08–1.80, p = 0.010). In patients with CVD, PCI had a non-significant numerically higher risk of 10-year all-cause death compared with CABG (35.9% vs. 27.2%; adjusted HR: 1.14; 95% CI 0.83–1.58, p = 0.412). The relative treatment effects of PCI versus CABG on 10-year all-cause death in patients with complex CAD were similar irrespective of the presence of CVD (p-interaction = 0.986). Only those patients with CVD in ≥ 2 territories had a higher risk of 10-year all-cause death (adjusted HR: 2.99, 95% CI 2.11–4.23, p < 0.001) compared to those without CVD. Conclusions The presence of CVD involving more than one territory was associated with a significantly increased risk of 10-year all-cause death, which was non-significantly higher in complex CAD patients treated with PCI compared with CABG. Acceptable long-term outcomes were observed, suggesting that patients with established CVD should not be precluded from undergoing invasive angiography or revascularization. Trial registration SYNTAX: ClinicalTrials.gov reference: NCT00114972. SYNTAX Extended Survival: ClinicalTrials.gov reference: NCT03417050. Graphic abstract

CYP3A4 *1B Gene Polymorphism in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with Obesity Undergoing Statin Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elifcan Gezer ◽  
Mehtap Cevik ◽  
Cansu Selcan Akdeniz ◽  
Ismail Polat Canbolat ◽  
Selen Yurdakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and statins are frequently prescribed in the treatment of CAD to help lower blood cholesterol levels. Since the main enzyme involved in the metabolism of statins is CYP3A4, we aimed to investigate the effect of CYP3A4 * 1B genotypes on plasma lipid profile in Turkish cardiovascular disease subject with and without obesity taking statin. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 85 cardiovascular disease patients who were prescribed statins and had routine biochemical analysis data. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay were performed for genotyping of CYP3A4 *1B (rs2740574) polymorphism. Results: Genotype distribution of CYP3A4 *1B polymorphism was found for homozygous wild (AA) and homozygous polymorphic (GG) genotypes as 94.1% and 5.9% respectively. We did not detect patients with heterozygous genotype in our study group. We found that the mean LDL-c, TG and TC levels were higher in patients with CYP3A4 *1B GG compared to AA genotype. The frequency of CYP3A4 *1B GG genotype frequency (9.5%) was detected higher in the obese patients compared to the non-obese patients (7.7%) (χ2=0.037, p=0.85). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that CYP3A4 *1B homozygous polymorphic genotype distribution tend to be higher in obese patients compared to non- obese patients with cardiovascular disease which may point *1B allele to have a slight effect on serum lipids during statin therapy. Additional studies with higher samples are needed for evaluating the role of CYP3A4 *1B on lipids in patients under statin therapy.

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