Resilienz, Ressourcen, Bewältigung

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
E. Geissner

ZusammenfassungChronischer Schmerz ist in der Psychologie seit rund 50 Jahren Gegenstand vertiefter wissenschaftlicher Beschäftigung: Grundlagenwissenschaftlich gilt als Startpunkt die Arbeit zur Gate-Control-Theorie im Jahr 1965 (3), anwendungsorientiert die Monografie Pain and Behavioral Medicine, 1983 (6). Auch wenn Schmerz durch psychologische Maßnahmen nicht vollends verschwindet, so sind doch wirksame Möglichkeiten bekannt, diesen substanziell in den Hintergrund zu rücken, das Leiden zu reduzieren, einen gut adaptierten Lebensvollzug wiederherzustellen. Der Resilienz-(R-)begriff entstammt der Entwicklungspsychologie und liefert für die vorliegende Thematik wertvolle Beiträge. Heutige R-Forscher betonen die Förderung von R. Dies geschieht durch wiederholte Auseinandersetzung mit Herausforderungen – hier Schmerz –, im Rahmen derer neue Fähigkeiten erworben und Belastungen gemeistert werden. Ein Assimilationsmodus (AS) ist von einem Akkommodationsmodus (AK) zu unterscheiden. AS beinhaltet die Kompensation eines verlorenen Standards durch Übungen, Techniken, Training, systematische Praxis, während AK gedanklich-emotionales Umbewerten, Akzeptanz und Relativieren früherer Standards zum Ziel hat. Gut kompatibel mit R ist der Ressourcenansatz der klinischen Psychologie. Hier werden Aktiva, Positiva und Stärken der Person fokussiert und der Defizitansatz der herkömmlichen Psychotherapie ergänzt. Mit dem Ressourcenansatz einher geht Psychotherapie bei Schmerz, wohingegen Bewältigung (Coping) eher assimilativ auf Training und Pain-Management orientiert ist. Schmerzbewältigungstrainings (ambulant, stationär) mit einer Reihe von verhaltens-, kognitiven, emotions- und körper-/bewegungsorientierten Verfahren werden abschließend erläutert.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maisa Ziadni ◽  
Abby L. Chen ◽  
Tyler Winslow ◽  
Sean C. Mackey ◽  
Beth D. Darnall

Abstract Background: Independent of pain intensity, pain-specific distress is highly predictive of pain treatment needs, including prescription opioids. Given the inherently distressing nature of chronic pain, there is a need to equip individuals with pain education and self-regulatory skills that are shown to improve adaptation and improve response to medical treatments. Brief, targeted behavioral medicine interventions may efficiently address the key individual factors, improve self-regulation in the context of pain, and reduce need for opioid therapy. This highlights the critical need for targeted, cost-effective interventions that efficiently address the key psychological factors that can amplify the need for opioids and increased risk for misuse. In this trial, the primary goal is to test the comparative efficacy of a single-session skills-based pain management class to a health education active control group among patients with chronic pain who are taking opioids. Methods: Our study is a randomized, double-blind clinical trial testing the superiority of our 2-hour single-session skills-based pain management class against a 2-hour health education class. We will enroll 136 adult patients with mixed etiology chronic pain who are taking opioid prescription medication and randomize 1:1 to one of the two treatment arms. We hypothesize superiority for the skills-based pain class for pain control, self-regulation of pain-specific distress, and reduced opioid use measured by daily morphine equivalent. Team researchers masked to treatment assignment will assess outcomes up to 12 months post-treatment. Discussion: This study aims to test the utility of a single-session, 2-hour skills-based pain management class to improve self-regulation of pain and reduce opioid use. Findings from our project have the potential to shift current research and clinical paradigms by testing a brief and scalable intervention that could reduce need for opioids and prevent misuse effectively, efficiently and economically. Further, elucidation of mechanisms of opioid use can facilitate refinement of more targeted future treatments.


Pain Practice ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Heckler ◽  
Robert J. Gatchel ◽  
Leland Lou ◽  
Tony Whitworth ◽  
Dana Bernstein ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
H.-J. Ou ◽  
J. M. Cowley ◽  
A. A. Higgs

A scanning ion gun system has been installed on the specimen preparation chamber (pressure ∼5xl0-8 torr) of the VG-HB5 STEM microscope. By using the specimen current imaging technique, it is possible to use an ion beam to sputter-clean the preferred surface region on a bulk sample. As shown in figure 1, the X-Y raster-gate control of the scanning unit for the Krato Mini-Beam I is used to minimize the beam raster area down to a 800μm x800μm square region. With beam energy of 2.5KeV, the MgO cleavage surface has been ion sputter-cleaned for less than 1 minute. The carbon film or other contaminant, introduced during the cleavage process in air, is mostly removed from the MgO crystal surfaces.The immediate SREM inspection of this as-cleaned MgO surface, within the adjacent STEM microscope, has revealed the detailed surface structures of atomic steps, which were difficult to observe on the as-cleaved MgO surfaces in the previous studies.


Anaesthesia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1031-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
The Real ◽  

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 100703
Author(s):  
Shantanu Warhadpande ◽  
Stephanie L. Dybul ◽  
Minhaj S. Khaja

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
WILLIAM E. GOLDEN ◽  
ROBERT H. HOPKINS

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