A Measurement Model of Disease Severity in Absence of a Gold Standard

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Martus
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Conditional Independence ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Essential Assumption

Abstract:In the absence of a gold standard, we propose the use of confirmatory factor analysis for the quantification of agreement between diagnostic measurements and the true disease severity. The essential assumption is conditional independence of diagnostic measurements adjusted for the severity of the disease. However, depending on the number of measurements available, the method works even if some of them are conditionally dependent. We illustrate the method using an example related to glaucoma eye disease.

scholarly journals A confirmatory factor analysis of the knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire towards prevention of respiratory tract infections during Hajj and Umrah

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Dauda Goni ◽  
Nyi Nyi Naing ◽  
Habsah Hasan ◽  
Nadiah Wan-Arfah ◽  
Zakuan Zainy Deris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Background Respiratory tract infections are one of the common infection associated with Hajj pilgrimage that is of great public health and global concern. This study is aimed at determining the factor structure of the knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire for the prevention of respiratory tract infections during Hajj by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Methods A multistage cluster sampling method was conducted on Malaysian Umrah pilgrims during the weekly Umrah orientation course. A total of 200 Umrah pilgrims participated in the study. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire was distributed to pilgrims at the beginning of the orientation and retrieved immediately at the end of the orientation. Data analysis was done using R version 3.5.0 after data entry into SPSS 24. The robust maximum likelihood was used for the estimation due to the multivariate normality assumption violation. A two-factor model was tested for measurement model validity and construct validity for each of the attitude and practice domains. Results CFA of a 25-item in total, the two-factor model yielded adequate goodness-of-fit values. The measurement model also showed good convergent and discriminant validity after model re-specification. A two-factor model was tested for measurement model validity and construct validity for each of the attitude and practice domains. The result also showed a statistically significant value (p < 0.001) with χ2 (df) values of 76.8 (43) and 121 (76) for attitude and practice domains, respectively. Conclusion The KAP questionnaire was proven to have a valid measurement model and reliable constructs. It was deemed suitable for use to measure the KAP of Hajj and Umrah pilgrims towards the prevention for all respiratory tract infections.

Gauging the Auditory Dimensions of Dysarthric Impairment: Reliability and Construct Validity of the Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales (BoDyS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1516-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Ziegler ◽  
Anja Staiger ◽  
Theresa Schölderle ◽  
Mathias Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Interrater Agreement ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Purpose Standardized clinical assessment of dysarthria is essential for management and research. We present a new, fully standardized dysarthria assessment, the Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales (BoDyS). The measurement model of the BoDyS is based on auditory evaluations of connected speech using 9 scales (traits) assessed by 4 elicitation methods. Analyses of the BoDyS' reliability and construct validity were performed to test this model, with the aim of gauging the auditory dimensions of speech impairment in dysarthria. Method Interrater agreement was examined in 70 persons with dysarthria. Construct validity was examined in 190 persons with dysarthria using a multitrait-multimethod design with confirmatory factor analysis. Results Interrater agreement of < 1 on a 5-point scale was found in 91% of cases across listener pairs and scales. Average reliability was .85. Inspection of the multitrait-multimethod matrix pointed at a high convergent and discriminant validity. Modeling of the BoDyS trait and method factors using confirmatory factor analysis yielded high goodness of fit. Model coefficients confirmed high discriminant and convergent validity and revealed meaningful relationships between scales and methods. Conclusions The 9 auditory scales of the BoDyS provide a reliable and valid profile of dysarthric impairment. They permit standardized measurement of clinically relevant dimensions of dysarthric speech.

scholarly journals Organizational Capital: A Resource for Changing and Performing in Public Administrations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5436
Author(s):  
Barbara Barbieri ◽  
Ilaria Buonomo ◽  
Maria Luisa Farnese ◽  
Paula Benevene
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Organizational Capital ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications

The aim of this study was to deepen our knowledge about the role played by organizational capital (OC) among public administration (PA) agencies. A questionnaire was administered to a gender-balanced convenience sample of 270 workers of Italian PAs. First, confirmatory factor analysis was performed in order to examine the measurement model. Second, a SEM model was performed, confirming that OC was both directly and indirectly positively related to performance, through the mediation of innovation. OC was also positively related to innovation through the mediation of clarity about change. Overall, the results supported the hypothesized model, providing initial evidence on the pivotal role OC plays, and especially for PA agencies, on organizational innovation and performance. The limits and practical implications of these results are discussed.

Validity evidence of the sufficient life skill model

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Wanida Simpol ◽  
Phoom Praraksa ◽  
Siridej Sujiva
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Life Skill ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Thai Students ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sufficiency Economy Philosophy

The sufficiency economy philosophy in King Bhumibol’s initiative is a principle for the development of people especially their ideas and the relationship of adequate living, that is providing guidance on appropriate conduct covering numerous aspects of life. This construct is a new model in educational measurement in Thailand. This study tried to examine the construct validity of the measurement model by using the sufficient life skill (SLS) scale. The scale was used to measure the SLS of 599 Thai students studying in basic education level and the lie scale was applied to detect faking of test takers. The confirmatory factor analysis was utilised for comparing the two different models, holistic and specific models. The result showed consequence of construct validity of the better model. In addition, findings also supported the importance of applying lie scale for detecting faking responses. Theoretical implications are discussed. Keywords: Construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis, sufficient life skill, sufficiency economy philosophy.

Measurement Structure of the Trait Hope Scale in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Miller Smedema ◽  
Joseph Pfaller ◽  
Erin Moser ◽  
Wei-Mo Tu ◽  
Fong Chan
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Factor Measurement ◽  
Trait Hope

Objective: To evaluate the measurement structure of the Trait Hope Scale (THS) among individuals with spinal cord injury.Design: Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability and validity analyses were performed.Participants: 242 individuals with spinal cord injury.Results: Results support the two-factor measurement model for the THS with agency and pathways thinking positively associated with hope-related constructs such as self-efficacy, self-esteem, disability acceptance, and life satisfaction in the predicted direction.Conclusions: The use of the THS among individuals with disabilities is warranted for rehabilitation research and practice.

Measuring Internal Political Efficacy in the 1988 National Election Study

1991 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1407-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Niemi ◽  
Stephen C. Craig ◽  
Franco Mattei
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
National Election ◽  
Election Study ◽  
National Election Study ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
High Internal Consistency

Political efficacy has been studied extensively since the 1950s, hut analysts have never been fully satisfied with its measurement. After considerable testing, four new questions tapping internal political efficacy were added to the 1988 National Election Study. Our investigation shows that inter-item correlations among these questions indicate high internal consistency, that by both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis the items measure a single concept distinct from external efficacy and political trust, that the measurement model is robust across major subgroups, and that the overall scale is externally valid and provides a good distribution of efficacy scores across the population. Further, the results of an order experiment in the survey suggest that responses are unaffected by mode of presentation. In short, the four new questions constitute the most satisfactory measure of internal political efficacy to date.

scholarly journals Pengujian Model Pengukuran Congeneric, Tau-Equivalent dan Parallel pada Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-298
Author(s):  
Yonathan Natanael ◽  
Yusak Novanto
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Life Scale

Many researchers make an error in data analysis, where researchers analyzing data using the raw score on the instrument with an ordinal scale. Error in the use of raw score for an instrument with an ordinal scale can be overcome by using measurement model testing, namely tau-equivalent and parallel. The purpose of this study is to examine the best measurement model of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The research method is Secondary Data Analysis approach (SDA). The secondary data was combined from two previous studies. The quantitative research analysis technique used to test the three measurement models in SWLS was confirmatory factor analysis. The unidimensional model of confirmatory factor analysis indicates that tau-equivalent is the best measurement model in SWLS testing (χ2(9)=13.759, p > .05 and RMSEA < .05). Based on the result, an implication measuring instruments using raw score can be used while measurement model testing of an instrument is tau-equivalent.

scholarly journals Expected Learning Outcomes: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Higher Education in Interior Architecture and Interior Design for the Thailand Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Pornthep Jewpairojkit ◽  
Thanin Rattanolarn ◽  
Songwut Ekwuttiwongsa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Interior Architecture ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Nowadays, the standard of professional education, interior architecture and interior design at higher education in Thailand must meet the certification criteria from the Professional Council. However, the expected learning outcomes results in the past studies has not studied the components of expected learning outcomes that are explicit and consistent with the 20-Year National Strategy. The researchers therefore aim to study such components to lead to the development of a standard measurement model to further expected learning outcomes. The researchers synthesized the initial components through the document to create and develop a questionnaire to evaluate the level of performance by estimating 5 levels and collect data with the senior students in the curriculum that has been approved by the Professional Council. Divided into 362 samples in the analysis of survey elements and 364 samples in Confirmatory Factor Analysis by Cluster Random Sampling from state and private universities. The survey component analysis resulted in 6 components along with confirmatory factor analysis of empirical component. The results of the sequence analysis of weight components from descending order as follows: Cognitive for profession skill (CP)=.96 Interpersonal relationship and responsibility skill (IR)=.89 In numerical communication and information technology skill(NC)=.87 Profession future of Thailand skill (PF)=.85 Knowledge for Professional practice skill (KPP)=.73 Moral and ethical skill (ME) =.67.

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